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AP Human Geo
AP Human Geo
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1
The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is:
absolute location
grid plan
relative location
referenced location
2
The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
activity spaces
neighborhood
region
inner world
3
Japan is a hearth of global popular culture that influences North America with...
foods
fashion
sports
animated films
4
In recent years, many wooded areas in ___ have been deforested to provide beef to the US.
East and South Asia
Central and South America
West Africa
East Africa
5
Rice cultivation in Southeast Asia is largely a _______ activity.
mechanized
part-time
commercial
subsistence
6
In order to replace its population only, a country needs a total fertility rate of...
2.1
1.2
3.5
3.0
7
TRUE/FALSE: Details of the distribution of wealth in the US features typical at global scale
True
False
8
Spread of ideas, traits, knowledge and skills from place of origin to areas where adopted
diffusion
cultural repulsion
adjustment
9
Plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the:
methane in the atmosphere
CO2 in the atmosphere
O2 in the atmosphere
sulfur in the atmosphere
10
The concept of culture is closely identified with:
sociology
archaeology
anthropology
psychology
11
An example of a country with a population pyramid that has a large base is...
Japan
Nigeria
Germany
United States
12
The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:
contagious diffusion
independent infection
stimulus diffusion
reloaction diffusion
13
Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of ____ into the atmosphere.
CO2
volcanic ash
methane
chlorofluorocarbons
14
The ideology of Zionism has as its goal:
the merger of the three modern divisions of Judaism
the merger of Judaism with other religions
a homeland for the Jewish people
the elimination of the Orthodox division within the faith
15
Life expectancy is:
number of years a person will theoretically live
average number of years a person will live at birth
average number of years a person is expected to live
number of years a person will live
16
The most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the ______ Glaciation.
Wisconsinan
Illinoian
Nebraskan
Kansan
17
Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence
Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
European colonists of America moving West in search for gold
18
Mackinder's concerns of Stalin's control led to the development of containment in the US and to
the Berlin Wall
the United Nations
friendly relationships with China
NATO
19
Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the US and Canada were:
protective practices
segregating practices
assimilating practices
eradicating practices
20
Bio-genetic engineering allows growing of new strains in more arid regions to meet demand of:
grain export
bio-diesel fuel
tofu/organic food
the cattle feed industry
21
The importance of the
spatial
approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
arrangement/organization of things on the surface of Earth
political impact of boundaries
history of an area
human activity only
22
Which economic activity is not counted in GNP calculations?
teaching
commercial farming
auto repair
tending to a home garden
23
The Hindu religion is one of the oldest of the religions and may have begun ___ years ago.
4,000
3,000
6,000
1,500
24
Which of these sub-regions recently gained more central government powers with parliament?
Colorado
Russia
Scotland
Ireland
25
Which describes the general direction that the US population center has moved since 1970?
North and West
North and East
South
West and South
26
The product of convergence which allows speakers of two or more languages to communicate:
lingua germanica
lingua franca
standardized language
common language
27
Which region of the US do geometric boundaries predominate?
Hawaii
Southeast
Northeast
Midwest
28
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of:
local custom
cultural appropriation
assimilation
cultural persistence
29
Which is an example of an interfaith (boundary) conflict?
Former Yugoslavia
Northern Ireland
Nigeria
Israel - Palestine
30
The text focuses on 1 local culture in its attempts to lessen the influence of foreign culture
US
S. Korea
France
Zimbabwe
31
Coffee was domesticated in Ethiopia. Today, 70% of production is in:
Middle and South America
Southeast Asia
East Africa
South Asia
32
A tsunami's waves result from:
periodic floods
high storm winds called "tsunamis"
earthquake displacement of the seafloor
tidal conditions
33
Central government with subnational entities that have representation in governmental processes
Compact
Federal
Communist
Unitary
34
The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is:
Islam
shamanism
Buddhism
Christianity
35
The Peace of Westphalia ________
created West Germany after WWII
created modern Pakistan after the British withdrawal
ended WWI
marked the beginning of the modern state of Europe
36
___ of internet content is in English.
12%
82%
27%
68%
37
The boundaries between which set of countries were established primarily to separate religions?
Mexico and the US
Libya and Chad
France and Germany
India and Pakistan
38
During the Cold War era, which two countries balanced the power of one another?
United Kingdom/France
Spain/Portugal
Pakistan/India
US/Soviet Union
39
Which region has a high percentage of geometric boundaries to separate states?
Southeast Asia
North Africa
South America
Europe
40
The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living:
Holocene
Miocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
41
Which is am example of a non-material aspect of culture?
church building
an alter
religious decoration
burning of incense
42
Hawaii and Louisiana are examples of states with...
official bilingual policies
no linguistic variation
official "English only" policies
no official language policies
43
The concept that which population will continue to grow even after fertility rates decline
homeostatic plateau
demographic momentum
demographic transition
rate of natural increase
44
The arithmetic population density of the US is _____ per square mile.
82
1046
31
347
45
Which of the following agricultural activities is widespread in the NE US and NW Europe?
sugar beet production
dairying
citrus production
cotton growing
46
Uneven distribution of wealth and political power after colonialism was due to wealth in:
Europe
Asia
North America
Europe and North America
47
By 1960, Mexico no longer depended on imports as production of this crop rose dramatically
corn
wheat
tomatoes
coffee
48
Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density?
Nigeria
United States
Egypt
United Kingdom
49
A form of tropical subsistence agriculture in which fields are rotated after short periods:
nomadic herding
subsistence rice cultivation
subsistence wheat cultivation
shifting cultivation
50
In political geography, these forces tend to disrupt and threaten the unity of a state.
Homogeneity
Common values
Centripetal
Centrifugal
51
Guatemala's agricultural sector produced 22.7% of the country's GDP and employs:
10% of labor force
22.7% of labor force
50% of labor force
25% of labor force
52
The most widely used Indo-European language today is:
German
Chinese
English
Spanish
53
TRUE/FALSE: Functional regions are the product of interaction and movement
True
False
54
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
young adults
families
children
older adults
55
In 2001, reports indicated that as many as ___ women may have been victims of dowry deaths.
0
1,000
7,000
100
56
When places are "designed" either for women or then they are said to be:
gendered
social spaces
sex zones
restricted areas
57
Geographer Lee Liu found soils in intensively used fields near villages were:
overused and of poor fertility
fertile and productive
not used
polluted
58
Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to _______ more than any other factor.
technology
proximity to resources
rate of population growth
population numbers
59
The largest source of international immigrants to the US is from:
Canada
Mexico
India
China
60
The Little Ice age was pieced together by farmer's diaries. Those of these were most useful.
wine growers
dairy farmers
grain farmers
vegetable growers
61
In villages everywhere, social stratification is reflected by:
the dress of the population
the range and quality of village houses
the street pattern
commercial buildings
62
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called a/an:
isogloss
sound shift
cultural boundary
international border
63
The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in:
high latitudes
equatorial and tropical areas
mid-latitude regions
subtropical regions
64
Any political power based in the center of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate.
Huntington's Clash of Civilizations Thesis
Mackinder's Heartland Theory
Wallerstein's World Systems Theory
Unilateral Theory
65
A group of people in a particular space who see themselves as a community and who share traits
popular culture
local culture
folk
material culture group
66
Zoroastrianism is similar to Islam and Christianity in that it is...
monotheistic
polytheistic
a world religion
a missionary religion
67
The most dangerous volcano, _________, erupted about 73,500 years ago.
St. Helen's
Toba
Tambora
Santorini
68
Which of the following is considered a sovereign state?
Alaska
Antarctica
India
Hong Kong
69
Which geographical theme would study the impact of the drainage of the Florida Everglades?
location
movement
place
human-environment
70
The phenomenon that the farther a feature moves from a hearth, the less dominant it is
distance decay
central place
sequent occupance
concentric circle
71
Which of the following is the best example of a nation-state?
South Africa
United Kingdom
China
Japan
72
The ____ of a group of people included the things they construct.
pop culture
material culture
non-material culture
folk culture
73
Latin
octo
(eight) became Italian
otto
, Spanish
ocho
and French
huit.
This is an example of?
isogloss shift
dialect development
sound shift
deterioration
74
Which commodity would be found closest to the market town in von Thunen's model?
firewood
wheat
beef
milk
75
Presently, natural increase in population is primarily due to...
a decrease in birth rate
an increase in death rate
a decrease in death rate
an increase in birth rate
76
Is is estimated that ___% of the Sub-Saharan realm's food is produced by females.
10
20
50
70
77
The form of agriculture that refers to a particular climate is:
Mediterranean
livestock ranching
dairying
shifting cultivation
78
The Hajj, one of the "pillars of Islam" is:
the veil worn by Muslim women
the pilgrimage to Mecca
charitable giving
fasting during the holy month
79
A high dependency ratio suggests that a large percentage of the population is...
under 14 years old
65 years or older
14-64 years old
under 14 and over 65
80
The coordinates of absolute location are useful mainly in determining exact:
distance
distance and directions
elevations
directions
81
Yugoslavia was a prime example of a:
multi-nation state
stateless nation
nation-state
multi-state nation
82
NAFTA is a supranationalistic organization which attempted to create a free trade zone where?
New Zealand and Australia
North Africa
North America
North Atlantic
83
Gross National Income does not include:
work done by state-employed women
work done by rural women in less developed countries
work done by unmarried women
work done by women in maquiladoras
84
The greatest concentration of streets memorializing MLK, Jr. are found in:
the Midwest, especially Illinois
the West
the Northeast, particularly Massachusetts
the South, especially Georgia
85
Organic food is found in _____ areas.
periphery
semi-periphery
all
core
86
Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population
areas away from coasts
agricultural areas
rural areas
urban areas
87
The world's largest dominantly Islamic state is:
Iran
Egypt
Indonesia
Pakistan
88
The ratio of percent labor force to percent of GDP in the agricultural sector of Canada means?
the agricultural sector is subsistence intensive
the agricultural sector is labor intensive
the agricultural sector is small scale intensive
the agricultural sector is machine intensive
89
Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?
formal
functional
statistical
graphical
90
According to the text, which of the following is considered a state?
Hong Kong
British Columbia
Colorado
France
91
Which is
not
an example of a primary economic activity?
corn flake production
forestry
mining iron ore
lobster fishing
92
The naming of sports stadiums and other facilities for corporations is an example of:
post-modern toponyms
commodification
memorial toponyms
hubris
93
Skin color is a matter of what pigmentation, a protective element against strong sun.
epithelial
dextrose
carotene
melanin
94
Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density?
Canada
United Kingdom
United States
Brazil
95
The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and supplies mainly:
Lebanon
Israel
Jordan
Syria
96
Sikhism is a small compromise religion that arose form the confrontation between Hinduism and:
Islam
British colonial officials
Christianity
Buddhism
97
Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice as:
a cultural heritage
a cultural trait
a cultural peculiarity
a culture region
98
The US is the most prolific producer of solid waste, producing about __ lbs per person per day.
4.5
7.3
1.5
3.5
99
Most scholars believe that seed cultivation (!st Agricultural Revolution) occurred in:
Asia
the Fertile Crescent
the Nile Valley
tropical Africa
100
Corn of the American "Corn Belt" originated in:
West Africa
Southeast Asia
Central America
the Fertile Crescent
101
The degree of direct linkage btw one location and other location in a transport network:
spatial interaction
landscape
connectivity
movement
102
Roman Catholic Christianity was spread to Middle and South American by:
Spain
Portugal
Italy
England
103
The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in...
Sub-Saharan Africa
China
Latin America
Middle East
104
The four major population clusters in the world include the following regions except...
South America
Southeast Asia
South Asia
East Asia
105
In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, for a judge to be appointed to the country's courts:
they had to wear a turban
they had to have a beard
they had to wear sandals
they had to wear a veil
106
Taro, yams and bananas are associated with the ______ hearth, according to Spencer and Thomas.
Ethiopia-East Asian
Southeast Asian
Meso-American
Southwest Asian
107
Friedrich Ratzel's organic theory identified ______ as a state's essential living force.
space
mobility
strong military
population
108
Select the group that is not a supranational organization.
UN
EU
OPEC
CIA
109
When a husband migrates from Mexico to US and earns money to allow for his family to migrate
distance decay
forced migration
internal migration
chain migration
110
Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types of climates, resources and peoples?
Compact
Fragmented
Prorupt
Elongated
111
Examples of luxury crops include:
tobacco and potatoes
coffee and tobacco
cacao and corn
tea and sugar
112
The concept that the US was ordained by God to expand across North America was:
gateway state
Manifest Destiny
Rimland Theory
complementarity
113
The linking of places by common traits or characteristics is defined as:
place
location
region
area
114
Jerusalem is a sacred place for:
Christians
All of the above
Muslims
Jews
115
The presence of centrifugal forces within a country has led to diffusion of power called:
autocratic
acculturation
devolution
imperialism
116
Which of the following would not be part of the cultural landscape?
livestock
fences
rainfall
barns
117
Form of villages still existing in many rural landscapes that remind of a turbulent past:
linear
round
grid
walled
118
It is estimated that _____ of the world's population is seriously malnourished.
1/10th
1/7th
1/20th
1/2
119
The Dave Matthews Band established a ____ in VA and gained popularity through _____
record label, contagious diffusion
hearth, hierarchical diffusion
hearth, distance decay
beachhead, word of mouth
120
Which of the following nations is considered a stateless-nation?
Jewish
French
Spanish
Kurdish
121
Race is:
the same as culture
biologically based
socially constructed
composed of three major skin color groups
122
Branch of geography that focuses on landforms, climate, soils and vegetation of the Earth is:
biogeography
physical geography
cultural geography
human geography
123
The correct name for the rectangular language division scheme in the US after the American Rev:
township-and-range system
long-lot system
metes and bounds system
Franklin's system
124
This sub field of geography studies political, economic and strategic significance
Econometrics
Geopolitics
Linguistics
Anthropology
125
The largest major population concentration of North America is
from San Diego to San Francisco
From Toronto to Montreal
from Miami to Jacksonville
From Washington D.C. to Boston
126
The boundaries of this country are being contested by the Palestinians.
China
Israel
Iraq
Serbia
127
Which of the following US regional associations is
incorrect
?
South - Baptist
Upper Midwest - Lutheran
Southwest - Mormon
New England - Catholic
128
Presently, most population growth in the world is occurring where?
western countries
more developed countries
least developed countries
Africa
129
The linguistic map of Nigeria reflects extreme fragmentation with nearly ___ languages spoken
400
200
25
15
130
TRUE/FALSE: Cholera outbreaks have not occurred in the Twentieth Century
True
False
131
Two Russian scholars have established the core of the pre-porto-Indo-European language named:
Nostratic
Etruscan
Anatolian
Austronesian
132
The youngest major religion is:
Hinduism
Judaism
Islam
Christianity
133
The most prevalent rural residential pattern in the world's agricultural areas is:
nucleated
hierarchical
spaced
dispersed
134
The Second Agricultural Revolution can generally be traced to Europe within what time frame?
fourteenth and fifteenth century
nineteenth and twentieth century
seventeenth and eighteenth century
twelfth and thirteenth century
135
The largest constituency of Christianity is:
Roman Catholicism
Coptic
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
136
Map in which data are assigned to class intervals and colors/patterns to distinguish magnitude:
choropleth map
dot distribution map
topographic map
cartogram
137
Demand for organic foods is greatest in:
core regions
spread equally among all regions
periphery regions
semi-periphery regions
138
Environmental determinism was replaced be which approach to geography in the late 20th century?
possiblist approach
hierarchical approach
distribution approach
vernacular approach
139
The basic unit of the township-and-range system, the section, has an area of:
1 square mile
160 acres
1 acre
36 square miles
140
Following the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the only surviving superpower was:
Great Britain
US
China
France
141
What is the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans?
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Seattle, Washington
Birmingham, Alabama
Atlanta, Georgia
142
In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York and Milan are referred to as...
hearths
world cities
local cultures
capitals
143
Africa experienced a period of decolonization and creation of many new states when?
1850s
Late nineteenth century
1700s
1950s and 60s
144
At which scale to boundary disputes occur?
All of the above
International
National
Local
145
The same ultraviolet radiation intercepted by darkly pigmented skin stimulates this production
D
A
E
C
146
Fair trade coffee buyers certify that ___% of the retail price goes to the coffee growers.
40
100
80
5
147
Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is:
place utility factors
economic indicator factors
push factors
pull factors
148
By 1992, the most widely grown crop was a product of the Green Revolution, IR36, a type of:
wheat
maize
rice
potatoes
149
All of the following tend to be centripetal forces within a country
except
:
military
regionalism
common language
education system
150
This type of state has a centralized government and administration that exercises equal control
Unitary
Federal
Compact
Regional
151
Barrio
is the Spanish term for:
boundary
neighborhood
socio-economic barriers to advancement
a small donkey
152
Which of the following is
not
an example of a form of expansion diffusion?
hierarchial
contagious
stimulus
independent invention
153
Geomancers, those who know the desires of the spirits of those occupying the natural world are:
associated with Lamaism
associated with feng-shui
associated with monotheism
associated with karma
154
The
Confucian Classics
were the 13 texts that were the focus of education 2,000 years ago in:
China
Afghanistan
Japan
India
155
_____ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous populationand typically rural
popular
material
local
folk
156
Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and longitude and not existing physical features?
Antecedent boundary
Geometric boundary
Subsequent boundary
Natural boundary
157
The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which is
not
one?
soil erosion
climatic change
loss of biodiversity
depletion of ozone layer
158
The Kyoto Protocol:
addresses Asian deforestation
addresses global climate change
addresses Japan-European trade imbalances
addresses US-Japan trade imbalances
159
What region of North America is most densely populated?
Southeast
Northeast
West Coast
Pacific Northwest
160
The "lost city" located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
the commodification of nature
an authentic landscape
an ethnic enclave
modernization
161
The building of a sense of community identity around the idea of "Swedish-ness" in Kansas is:
assimilation
cultural appropriation
neolocalism
globalization
162
Hutterites differ form the Amish in that they...
are Anabaptist
accept modern technology
live in Pennsylvania
reject modern technology
163
The fact that trends in popular culture proceed from large global centers to smaller cities is:
hierarchical diffusion
diffusion
relative location
migration
164
The greater the distance from the hearth, the less likely an innovation will be adopted
cultural repulsion
adoption avoidance
distance decay
inverse innovation rule
165
The Spanish invaders of Middle America, centuries ago, laid out villages and towns in what form
oval
grid
linear
round
166
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
90
50
20
70
167
According to Carl Sauer, the earliest plant domestication __________.
occurred in tropical middle America
was prompted by scarcity
probably involved planting root crops
was associated with seed crops
168
TRUE/FALSE: Cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change as a result of diffusion
True
False
169
Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its own territory?
Palestinians
English
Mexicans
British
170
Which of the following states fits the morphology description of compact?
Poland
Chile
Thailand
South Africa
171
The visible imprint of human activity is known as:
the attributes of the setting
spatial interaction
the natural landscape
the cultural landscape
172
The boundaries of rocky crustal plates are associated with:
earthquakes and volcanoes
plains regions
ice caps
deserts
173
In areas of shifting cultivation the population _________.
never lies in permanent settlements
cannot have a high density
must be large enough to provide surplus labor
increases significantly
174
Alfred Wegner used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of:
the hydrologic cycle
Earth rotation
continental drift
relativity
175
In von Thunen's model there was a concentric circle of forest around the city because _______.
it would filter out pollution
it would contain the growth of the city
it provided a recreational area
it would provide lumber and firewood
176
A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or mountains is referred to as a(n):
subsequent boundary
natural/physical boundary
permeable barrier
geometric boundary
177
Nigeria has federal system of government in which they adopted the ___ law in the Muslim North.
local tribal
British Common
Sharia
Nigerian Federal
178
Which of the following is
not
generally a characteristic of an ethnic religion?
found in a particular culture
always polytheistic
spatially concentrated
does not seek outside converts
179
Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media?
hierarchical diffusion
relocation diffusion
stimulus diffusion
expansion diffusion
180
The language most widely used as a 2nd language by millions of Indians, Africans, etc.:
English
French
Arabic
Spanish
181
Convergence processes that produce a pidgin language are first introduced to a population as a:
dialect
language subfamily
creole language
lingua franca
182
Field of study that considers the rolled of politics in shaping human environmental interaction
danger
Political-ecology
economics
politics
183
The rise of secularism and decline of religious membership are found in:
Africa
Southeast Asia
Southwest Asia
Europe
184
The fundamental doctrine of the Hindu faith is :
a detailed book of scripture
a violent ideology
monotheism
karma
185
The systematic study of the origin and meaning of place names is called:
deep reconstruction
lexicography
toponymy
namology
186
The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
site
relative location
absolute location
index of placeness
187
Language tree diagram of language divergence has some branches with dead ends that represent?
extinct languages
standardized or non-hanging languages
language subfamilies
isolated languages
188
Buddhism has its source in:
India
Japan
China
Thailand
189
One element of the conflict in Sri Lanka is differences of these two religions:
Buddhism and Hindu
Islam and Jewish
Islam and Christianity
Christianity and tribal
190
In which area of the world are countries in stage one of the demographic transition model found
South America
Northern Europe
North America
West and Southern Africa
191
Political boundaries that most poorly represent the linguistic boundaries are of this region:
South America
North America
Africa
East Asia
192
Fragmented states can help create which type of forces within a state?
Centripetal
Cumulative causation
Centrifugal
Backwash effects
193
This 20th century communist empire controlled many weaker satellite states in Eastern Europe.
Germany
Soviet Union
China
Turkey
194
_____ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion.
Human-environment interaction
Location theory
Regionalization
Sense of place
195
TRUE/FALSE: The study of landforms, climates and environmental change is physical geography
False
True
196
Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) was perhaps the first prominent Indian religious leader to:
reject the eating of meat
speak out against the Hindu caste system
acknowledge sacred animals, such as cattle
accept Karma
197
Humans do not populate in large numbers to
areas too high in elevation
areas that are too cold
all of the above
areas that are too wet
198
The Proto-Indo-European language homeland lies somewhere north of the...
Mediterranean Sea
Sea of Okhotsk
Baltic Sea
Black Sea