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CH. 23 & 24 The child Sensory/Neuro &MSK Flashcards | StudBud
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CH. 23 & 24 The child Sensory/Neuro &MSK
CH. 23 & 24 The child Sensory/Neuro &MSK
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1
LEGG-CLAVE-PERTHES DISEASE: TREATMENT
SELF-LIMITING DISORDER HEALS SPONTANEOUSLY, SLOWLY COURSE OF 2 TO 4 YEARS
.
2
Terminology: When intentional omission of verbal or behavioral actions that are necessary for develop of health.
Physical abuse
Emotional neglect
Emotional abuse
Physical neglect
3
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease usually involves:
Females, 10-15 yrs old
Males, 5-10 yrs old
Males, 2-3 yrs old
newborns, either gender
4
SCOLIOSIS: NURSING CARE
.
SCREENING FOR MANAGEMENT, DETECTING MILD CASES AMENDABLE TO NONSURGICAL TX
5
OBSERVATION OF MUSCLE TONE (STRENGTH OF EXTREMITIES)
CHILD PUSH AWAY THE EXAMINER'S HAND W/ HIS OR HER FOOT OR HAND FOR TEST.
ASSESS SYMMETRY OF MOVEMENT & STRENGTH & CONTOUR OF THE BODY & EXTREMITIES
6
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES FOR TRACTION
NEURO CHECKS TO TOES FOR WARM COLOR. OBSERVE FOR CYANOSIS, NUMBNESS
OR ABSENCE OF PULSE RATES
OR IRRITATION FROM ATTACHMENTS, TIGHT BANDAGES; SEVERE PAIN; HYPOXIA
7
TRAUMATIC FRACTURES: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
GREENSTICK FRACTURE: INCOMPLETE FRACTURE, ONE BONE BROKEN, ONE BENT
COMPOUND FRACTURE: WOUND IN SKIN ACCOMPANIES BROKEN BONE
SIMPLE FRACTURE: BROKEN BONE, SKIN OVER THE AREA IS NOT
EPIPHYSIS: GROWTH PLATE AT LONG BONES, INTERFERE W/ LONGITUDINAL GROWTH.
8
LEGG-CLAVE-PERTHES DISEASE (COXA PLANA): PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
OSTEOCHONDROSES BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE EPIPHYSIS OR END OF THE BONE
TISSUE DEATH INADEQUATE BLOOD SUPPLY, AVASCULAR NECROSIS
BOYS BETWEEN 5 & 12 Y/O, HEALING OCCURS SPONTANEOUSLY DURING 2 TO 4 Y/O
9
TREATMENT OF FRACTURES WITH CAST
FIBERGLASS: WATER RESISTANT, PLASTER: DETERIORATE WHEN WATER
FIBERGLASS CASTS: LIGHTER, PLASTER CAST: BRIGHT COLORS, CANNOT BE WRITTEN
FIBERGLASS: DRIES UP WITIN HALF HOUR, PLASTER: DRIES UP 10 TO 72 HOURS
HANDLED CAREFULLY WITH OPEN PALMS AND EXTENDED FINGERS, PREVENT INDENTS
10
SCOLIOSIS: SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
DIFFERENT HEIGHTS, ONE-SIDED RIB BUMP, & PROMINENT SCAPULA
ASYMMETRY SEEN FROMTHE BACK WHEN CHILD LEANS FORWARD
DIAGNOSIS IS MADE BY SPINAL X-RAY & CHILD IS IN UPRIGHT POSITION.
DEVELOP SLOWLY AND ARE NOT PAINFUL, DETECTION BY SCHOOL NURSE FOR SCREENING
11
Mother of a 3 Y/O tells the nurse she is concerned about her child’s bow-legged appearance. What is the best response?
“Is your child having any pain or difficulty walking?”
“I would be concerned if I were you.”
“Do not worry about it; this is normal.”
“A referral to a pediatric orthopedic physician is indicated immediately.”
12
I will review vaccines for a 5 year old
True
False
13
CAUSES OF SPINA BIFIDA
Stress
Drugs
Folate Deficiency
High Blood Pressure
14
MANAGING SOFT TISSUE INJURIES (CONTUSION, SPRAIN, & STRAIN)
REST
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
ICE
15
In dehydration, potassium isn't processed properly which can lead to hyperkalemia.
True
False
16
NEUROVASCULAR CHECK
MOVEMENT AND SENSATION
PERIPHERAL PULSE RATE AND QUALITY, COLOR
CAPILLARY REFILL TIME, WARMTH
17
Reyes Syndrome
Can be caused by Acetylsalicyclic acid (Aspirin/ASA)
occurs in children
all of these answers
is a metabolic disorder
18
Legg-Calve-Perthes occurs when blood supply to the femoral head of the hip joint is disrupted and the bone begins to die
True
False
19
SLIPPED FEMORAL CAPITAL EPIPHYSIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
DURING RAPID GROWTH OF THE PREADOLESCENT, NOT RELATED TO TRAUMA
INCREASED RATES OF OBESITY, THIGH PAIN & LIMP, INABILITY BEAR WEIGHT ON LEG
X-RAY STUDY CONFIRMS DIAGNOSIS
KNOWN AS COXA VARA, SPONTANEOUS DISPLACEMENT OF THE EPIPHYSIS OF THE FEMUR
20
In retinoblastoma patients have a white pupil reflex instead of a black pupil or red reflex. This is cat's reflex.
True
False
21
What is the most accurate diagnostic tool in diagnosing suspected osteomyelitis in the pediatric patient?
Serum albumin level
X-ray
RBC count
Bone scan
22
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: MANIFESTATIONS
PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC, FREQUENT FALLING, CLUMSINESS, CONTRACTURES ANKLES & HIP
SYMPTOMS NOTED 2 & 6 Y/O, HX OF DELAYED MOTOR DEVELOPMENT DURING INFANCY
MYELOGRAM: SHOWS DECREASES AMPLITUDE DURATION OF MOTOR UNIT POTENTIALS
23
NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION
VITAL PART OF COMPREHENSIVE MUSCULOSKELETAL EXAM
REFLEXES
SENSORY
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SPASMS
24
Most common clinical manifestation of retinoblastoma?
cat's eye reflex
sunken eye socket
glaucoma
amblyopia
25
OSTEOMYELITIS: TREATMENT AND NURSING CARE
SUSPECTED IF FEVER LASTS BEYOND 5 DAYS
BED IS FOLLOWED BY WHEELCHAIR ACCESS, BUT WEIGHT BEARING SHOUDL BE AVOIDED
IV ANTIBIOTICS 4 TO 6 WEEK PERIOD, MONITOR INFANT OR CHILD TOXIC RESPONSE
26
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: TREATMENT AND NURSING CARE
TEAM: PSYCHOLOGICAL, NUTRITIONAL, PHYSIOTHERAPY, SOCIAL AND FINANCIAL.
DEPRESSION DUE TO CHILD CANNOT COMPETE W/ PEERS DEALING W/ SOCIAL PRESSURE
MAINTAIN THE QUALITY OF LIFE
TREATMENT AT THIS TIME IS MAINLY SUPPORTIVE TO PREVENT CONTRACTURES
27
I will review chapter tables, figures, skills, and boxes.
Maybe
No
Yes
Signs point to "we'll see"
28
SLIPPED FEMORAL CAPITAL EPIPHYSIS: NURSING CARE
EDUCATION CONCERNING MANAGEMENT OF WEIGHT
NURSE ASSISTS IN PERFORMING ROM ACTIVITIES, GUIDES GRADUAL RESUMPTION
CARING FOR A CHILD IN TRACTION AND PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE USED
29
DISORDERS AND DYSFUNCTION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
INFECTION OF THE BONE OCCURS IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 1 Y/O
FIGHT BACTERIA MAY COME TO THE BONE FROMANOTHER PART OF THE BODY
BETWEEN 5 AND 14 Y/O, LONG BONES CONTAIN FEW PHAGOCYTIC CELLS (WBCS)
30
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS): NURSING CARE
SWIMMING CAN HELP MAINTAIN JOINT MOBILITY
MOIST HEAT, EXCERCISE ARE ADVISED, WHIRLPOOL BATHS, HOT PACKS, STIFFNESS
SLEEP, REST, GENERAL HEALTH MEASURES ARE IMPORTANT
31
What are the long term effects for a child with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
The disease is self-limited and requires no long-term treatment.
Degenerative arthritis may develop later in life.
There are no long-term effects.
There is risk of osteogenic sarcoma in adulthood.
32
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
allows the child to run fast
affects girls more than boys
causes the child to fall a lot and appear clumsy
causes the child to walk early
33
WHAT IS SPINA BIFIDA?
when born with an underdeveloped brain & an incomplete skull
when the spinal cord fails to develop properly.
I have no clue.
the fetal spinal column doesn't close completely.
34
TRACTION APPARATUS CHECKLIST
BED LINENS NOT ON TRACTION ROPES, COUNTERTRACTION IN PLACE
WEIGHTS HANGING FREELY, WEIGHT OUT OF REACH OF THE CHILD
ROPES ON TH EPULLEYS, KNOTS NOT RESTING AGAINST PULLEYS
APPARATUS DOES NOT TOUCH FOOT OF BED
35
Seizures in children most often are the result of
an abrupt rise in body temperature
a life-threatening infection
an inflammatory process in the brain
a temperature greater than 102 degree F
36
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND TREATMENTS
ULTRASOUND: RULE OUT FOREIGN BODIES SOFT TISSUES, JOINT, DYSPLASIA ON HIP.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: DETAILED PICTURES OF TISSUES AND ORGANS.
BONE SCANS: IDENTIFY CONDITIONS, MAY NOT BE SEEN IN X-RAY.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: CROSS-SECTIONAL PICTURE OF THE BONE
37
pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, polar, puffiness, pulselessness
7 p's of a cardiovascular exam
7 c's of a neurovascular exam
7 c's of a cardiovascular exam
7 p's of a neurovascular exam
38
EWING'S SARCOMA: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
60% SURVIVAL RATE, PRIMARY SITES OF METASTATASIS ARE LUNGS AND LONG BONES
MALIGNANT GROWTH OCCURS MARROW OF LONG BONES
39
TYPES OF BACTERIA/INFECTIONS
HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA: MOST COMMON IN YOUNGER CHILDREN
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR OSTEOMYELITIS IN >5 Y/O CHILDREN
SALMONELLA AND PSEUDOMONAS FOUND IN ADOLESCENTS, IV DRUG USERS.
40
PATIENT IN TRACTION CHECKLIST
SKIN INTEGRETY, PAIN AND ITS RELIEFBY MED, CONSTIPATION, USE OF TRAPEZE.
ANTIEMBOLISM STOCKINGS / FOOT PUMPS IN PLACE AS ORDERED, NEURO CHECKS
BODY IN ALIGNMENT, HEAD OF BED NO HIGHER THAN 20° FOR CONTERTRACTION
HEELS OF FEET ELEVATED FROM BED, ROM UNAFFECTED PARTS CHECKED CONTINUALLY
41
SPORTS INJURIES
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS (AAP) RECOMMEND ANNUAL PHYSICAL EXAM
EXAMINATIONS SHOULD BE UPDATED WITH QUESTIONNAIRES, HX, AND ORTHOPEDIC
42
What is the most important nursing intervention to identify and minimize compartment syndrome?
Perform frequent neurovascular checks.
Apply BP cuff above the cast.
Treat pain with minimum amount needed to control it.
v
43
During a seizure in a child, the nurse should
Place the child side-lying
Hold the patient still to prevent injury
Use a padded tongue blade
Make the patient take their oral phenobarbital
44
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: HOCKEY
COLLISIONS WITH PUCKS AND STICKS. PROPER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
INJURIES OCCUR FROM BOTH COLLISIONS WITH OTHER ATHLETES
DECREASE SERIOUSNESS OF INJURIES WITH GEAR
45
Ventriculoperitoneal shunting is surgery to treat excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
False
True
46
TREATMENT OF FRACTURES WITH TRACTION
BRYANT'S TRACTION: TREATING FRACTURED FEMUR IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 2 Y/O
WEIGHTS AND PULLEYS EXTEND THE LIMB, BUCK'S EXTENSION SUSPENDED VERTICALLY
47
OSTEOSARCOMA: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TWO TYPES OF BONE TUMORS: OSTEOARCOMA AND EWING'S SARCOMA
ONSET 10 & 15 Y/O, COMMONLY IN TALL ADOLESCENTS, RAPID BONE GROWTH
HX OF RETINOBLASTOMA HIGH RISK, LUNGS METASTATIS; BRAIN & OTHER BONE TISSUE
PRIMARY MALIGNANT TUMOR OF LONG BONES
48
AN ABNORMAL S-SHAPED CURVATURE OF THE SPINE SEEN IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IS:
SCOLIOSIS
SCIATICA
SCABIES
SCLEROSIS
49
PREVENTION OF PEDIATRIC TRAUMA
WINDOW BARS, DEADBOLT LOCKS, & LOCKS ON CABINETS PREVENT INJURIES FOR CHILD
PROPER USE OF PEDESTRIAN SAFETY PRACTICES, CAR SEAT RESTRAINTS,
BICYCLE HELMETS AND OTHER ATHLETIC PROTECTIVE GEAR, POOL FENCES
50
SCOLIOSIS: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SKELETAL DETERIORATION DOES NOT STOP MATURITY, AGGRAVATED BY PREGNANCY
DISABILITY, HEART AND LUNG COMPLICATIONS
UNTREATED PROGRESSIVE SCOLIOSIS LEAD TO BACK PAIN, FATIGUE,
S-SHAPED CURVATURE OF THE SPIN DURING ADOLESCENCE COMMONLY IN GIRLS.
51
TORTICOLLIS (WRY NECK): PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
INJURED DURING BIRTH, BREECH AND FORCEPS DELIVERY, CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA
NECK MOTION LIMITED, CERVICAL SPINE IS ROTATED, SHORTER STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
52
Early symptoms of Reye's syndrome include diarrhea, rapid breathing, vomiting, and severe fatigue
False
True
53
Increased ICP manifestations are Cushing's triad (bradycardia, irregular respirations and a widened pulse pressure)
False
True
54
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS): CONTINUED SYSTEMIC ARTHRITIS
NONPRURITIC MACULAR RASH, ABDOMINAL PAIN, ELEVATED ESR, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
FEVER ABOVE 39.5°C (103°F) PERSISTING FOR MORE THAN 10 DAYS
1 TO 3 YRS & 8 TO 10 YRS, JOINT SYMPTOMS MMAY BE ABSENT AT ONSET
PRESENCE OF ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES, ENLARGED LIVER AND SPLEEN
55
A 14 Y/O girl was diagnosed w/ scoliosis w/ a curve of 30 degrees. What medical intervention will tx include for pt?
Only exercise to increase muscle tone and posture
Transcutaneous electrical muscle stimulation (TENS)
Surgery with insertion of a Harrington rod
Use of a Milwaukee brace
56
OSTEOSARCOMA: MANIFESTATIONS
FLEXING EXTREMITY LESSENS PAIN, LATER PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE MAY OCCUR
PAIN AND SWELLING AT SITE IN ADOLESCENTS, SPORT INJURY OR GROWING PAINS
DIAGNOSIS IS CONFIRMED BY X-RAY, PHYSICAL EXAM, CT, & BONE SCAN
57
A child recovering from a virus should not be given aspirin because of the increased risk of developing Rye's syndrome
False
True
58
What is often the treatment for pediatric osteosarcoma or Ewing’s sarcoma?
There is no treatment
Amputation
Chemotherapy
Radiation
59
a nurse is caring for a 15-year-old boy after left lower extremity amputation surgery after a dx of osteosarcoma. task?
Provide emotional support.
Medicate for pain as ordered.
Remind him that he no longer has a left foot.
Reposition for comfort.
60
What laboratory test is used to screen for Reyes Syndrome?
Creatinine
Ketones
Acetaminophen
Ammonia
61
Urine output should be a minimum of 1 to 2 mL/kg/hr for infants and children.
True
False
62
Expected daily urine output for a 4 year old child
500-600 mL
1000-2000 mL
600 to 700 mL
200-400 mL
63
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: GYMNASTICS
DELAYED MENSTRUATION & EATING DISORDERS, TRAUMA & OVERUSE INJURIES
PREVENTION: MUSCLE STRENGTHENING EXERCISES, FLEXIBILITY EXERCISES
WRIST BRACES. NUTRITIONAL PLANNING AND EDUACTION
LARGE JOINTS AND SPINE ARE COMMON.
64
A portion of the spinal cord that protrudes outside of the vertebrae.
spina bifida
meningioma
herniated nucleus pulposus
sublaxation
65
Ewing’s Sarcoma is a children's tumor
True
False
66
TORTICOLLIS (WRY NECK): MANIFESTATIONS
ASSOCIATED IN INJURY, INFLAMMATION, NEURO DISORDERS,
SURGICAL CORRECTION IF CONDITION PERSISTS BEYOND 2 Y/O
PASSIVE STRECTHING, ROM EXERCISES, PHYSICAL THERAPY
NURSING INTERVENTION IS PRIMARILY THAT OF DETECTION
67
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: FOOTBALL
DECREASED SERIOUS INJURIES IN CHILDREN PARTICIPATING IN FOOTBALL
IMPROVEMENTS IN TECHNIQUES, PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, GAME EXERCISES
68
SLIPPED FEMORAL CAPITAL EPIPHYSIS: TREATMENT
SURGERY SCHEDULED TO INSERT A SCREW TO STABILIZE THE BONE
SERIOUS COMPLICATIONS LEADING TO DISTURBANCE OF CIRCULATION OF EPIPHYSIS
RESULTING IN NECROSIS OF THE HEAD OF THE FEMUR.
69
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS): TREATMENT (GOALS OF THERAPY)
HELP THE CHILD AND FAMILY TO ADJUST TO LIVING WITH A CHRONIC DISEASE
PROMOTE MOBILITY AND PRESERVE JOINT FUNCTION, PROMOTE GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
NSAIDS AND METHOTREXATE BE PROVIDED.
REDUCE JOINT PAIN AND SWELLING, PROMOTOE INDEPENDENT FUNCTIONING
70
OSTEOMYELITIS: DIAGNOSIS
X-RAY EXAMINATION MAY FAIL TO REVEAL INFECTION,
WBC COUNT, ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR),
MICROBIOLOGY CULTURE OF ASPIRATED DRAINAGE OR A BONE SCAN MAY BE DIAGNOSTIC
71
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS): PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
(JIA) MOST COMMON ARTHRITIC CONDITION OF CHILDHOOD
MULTIPLE GENES TRIGGER SPORTS INJURY, BACTERIAL OR VIRAL INFECTION TREATED
SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE INVOLES JOINTS, CONNECTIVE TISSUES & VISCERA
DIFFER FROMADULT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, NOT A RARE DISEASE
72
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM: LABORATORY TESTS AND TREATMENTS
ARTHROSCOPY PERFORMED ON ADOLESENTS W/ SPORT INJURIES, LOOK INSIDE INJURY
RULE OUT SEPTIC ARTHRITIS OR OSTEOMYELITIS.
RHEUMATOID FACTOR (RF) MAY HELP DIAGNOSE RHEUMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS
CBC AND ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATIONS RATE (ESR),
73
CHILD ABUSE: SAFETY ALERT ON BRUISES AND HEMATOMAS
ASK YOURSELF, "DOES THE BRUISE MATCH THE CAREGIVER'S EXPLANATION ON CONCERN
1 TO 2 DAYS: SWOLLEN TENDER; 2 TO 5 DAYS: RED OR PURPLE
10 TO 14 DAYS: BROWN; 14 TO 28 DAYS: CLEAR
5 TO 7 DAYS: GREEN; 7 TO 10 DAYS: YELLOW
74
ASSESSING FOR COMPARTMENT SYNDROME
EDEMA OR SWELLING PRESSES ON THE VESSELS AND TISSUES,
PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF TISSUE PERFUSION CAUSE BY INCREASED PRESSURE
FASCIOTOMY TO RELIEVE PRESSURE TO RESTORE CIRCULATION AND NEURO CHECKS
CIRCULATION COMPROMISED, NEURO CHECKS IS ABNORMAL
75
SCOLIOSIS S/S
uneven sholders
all of the above
uneven waist
head not centered
76
SPORT INJURIES: PREVENTION
ADEQUATE WARM-UP AND COOL-DOWN PERIODS; YEAR-ROUND CONDITIONING
PROPER SUPERVISION BY ADULTS, SAFE, WELL-FITTING EQUIPMENT, AVOID PAIN
77
EWING'S SARCOMA: TREATMENT AND NURSING CARE
AMPUTATION IS NOT GENERALLY RECOMMENDED, TUMOR SENSITIVE TO RADIO AND CHEMO
DURING THERAPY TO HELP PREVENT PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES
CHILD WARNED AGAINST WEIGHT BEARING ON BONE
78
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: WRESTLING
BASED ON WEIGHT, BINGEING & PURGING BEHAVIOR COMMONLY FOUND IN WRESTLING
SKILLED COACHING, NUTRITION EDUCATION AND PLANNING IS IMPORTANT
SKIN DERMATITIS & INFECTION OCCUR FROM FLOOR MATS
CONCUSSIONS, NECK STRAINS, & SPINAL INJURIES ARE COMMON
79
OSTEOSARCOMA: TREATMENT AND NURSING CARE
PROBLEMS OF BODY IMAGE, SELF-CONCIOUS ADOLESCENT
PHANTOM LIMB PAIN IS LIKELY, CONTINUED SENSATION OF PAIN IN LIMB
LIMB IS NO LONGER THERE, PAIN IS VERY REAL & ANALGESIC IS NECESSARY
STUMP DRESSING OBSERVED FOR SIGNS OF BLEEDING, VITALS MONITORED, POSITIONED
80
FRACTURES OF THE FEMUR IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
FEMUR (THIGH BONE) LARGEST AND STRONGEST BONE
SPIRAL FRACTURE: FORCEFUL TWIST MOTION
CHILD ABUSE SHOULD BE EXPECTED RESULTING IN MANUAL TWISTING OF EXTREMITY
81
SCOLIOSIS: CAUSES
IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS IS CURVED AT LEAST 10° ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR SPINAL X-RAY
FUNCTIONAL IS CAUSED BY POOR POSTURE, NOT A SPINAL DISEASE
STRUCTURAL (FIXED) CHANGES IN THE SHAPE OF THE VERTEBRAE OR THORAX
82
DUCHENNE'S MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
GROUP OF DISORDERS PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE DEGENERATION OCCURS.
BECKER'S PSEUDOHYPERTROPHIC MUSCULAR OCCURS CHILDHOOD SLOWLY.
SEX-LINKED RECESSIVE INHERITED OCCURS IN BOYS
83
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: BALLET
PREVENTION: SKILLED COACHING, NUTRITION PLANNING, EDUCATION
DELAYED MENARCHE & EATING DISORDERS. HIGH RISK FOR STRESS FRACTURES,
STRAINS, SHIN SPLINTS, & SPINAL DEVIATIONS.
84
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: BASKETBALL, VOLLEYBALL
JUMPING SPORTS INVOLVE INJURY RISK TO ANKLES, KNEES AND FINGERS
ANKLE SPRAIN, TENDONITIS, STRESS FACTURES, AND BLISTERS ARE COMPLICATIONS.
85
Recovering from a viral infection, such as chickenpox or flu, or a metabolic disorder ,kids are most at risk for Reye's
False
True
86
SCOLIOSIS: TREATMENT
BEYOND 45° SURGERY TO FUSE BONES TO STOP DEFORMITY OF BONES
CURVES 20°-40° REQUIRE MILWAUKEE BRACE WORN 16 TO 23 HRS SHIRT PROTECT SKIN
CURVES UP TO 20° DOES NOT NEED TREATMENT
87
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: RUNNING
PROPER EXERCISES BEFORE RUNNING, GOOD IMPACT SHOES, CROSS-TRAINING
SHOE ORTHOTICS, RUNNING ON SOFT SURFACE, CROSS-TRAINING, RESTING
ADEQUATE REST ARE ESSENTIAL. SHIN SPLINTS INVOLVE PAIN OVER ANTERIOR TIBIA
POORLY ABSORBED FOOT IMPACT. MUSCLE FATIGUE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMP
88
What are appropriate interventions when caring for a child in traction? (Select all that apply.)
Skin integrity monitored regularly
Neurovascular checks performed regularly
Use of trapeze for positioning
Upright for 30 minutes a day
89
PEDIATRIC TRAUMA: SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
SOFT TISSUE REFERRED TO AS HEMATOMA, OR A "BLACK-AND-BLUE MARK"
CONTUSION: TEARING OF SUBUTANEOUS TISSUE RESULTING HEMORRHAGE, EDEMA & PAIN
SPRAIN: LIGAMENT IS TORN OR STRETCHED AWAY BONE AT THE POINT OF TRAUMA
STRAIN: MICROSCOPIC TEAR OF MUSCLE OR TENDON, EDEMA AND PAIN.
90
SPINA BIFIDA TYPES
Spina Bifida Occulta
Mylomeningocele
Amniocentesis
Meningocele
91
TREATMENT OF SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
AFTER 30-MIN PERIOD, ISCHEMIA OCCURS AND IMPEDE TISSUE PERFUSION.
COLD PACK AND ELASTIC WRAP
ALTERNATE 30-MIN INTERVALS
92
LEGG-CALVE-PERTHES DISEASE: NURSING CARE
.
TOTAL IMMOBILITY OR PARTIAL MOBILITY. TRACTION, CAST AND BRACE CARE.
93
TRACTION IN CHILDREN
SKELETAL TRACTION: STEINMANN PIN OR KIRSCHNER WIRE, INSERTED INTO BONE
TRACTION IS APPLIED TO PIN. "NINETY-NINETY OR NINETY DEGREE-NINETY DEGREE
RUSSELL TRACTION: POSITIONED UNDER THE KNEE SUSPENDS DITAL THIGH ABOVE BED
BUCK'S EXTENSION: SKIN TRACTION OF FRACTURE OF THE FEMUR, HIP AND KNEE.
94
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a
group of disorders
that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture?
False
True
95
JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS): MANIFESTATIONS
OLIGO ARTHRITIS: FOUR OR FEWER JOINTS, UVEITIS INFLAMMED EYE, 30% IN CHILD
SYSTEMIC ARTHRITIS: FEVER, RASH & JOINT INFLAMMATION. UVEITIS 10% OF CHILD
POLYARTHRITIS: FIVE OR MORE JOINTS, UVEITIS OCCURS IN 10% OF CHILDREN
96
SELECTED RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND THEIR RISKS: SKIING, SNOWBOARDING
RELATED TO FALLS. BETTER EQUIPMENT, CONTROLLED SLOPE CONDITIONS
SEPERATION OF SKIERS BY SKILL LEVEL TO DECREASE RATE OF INJURY
