IBPSY Biological Approach

Sharot used an fMRI to measure brain activity while people who'd been in NYC during the __ recalled the event.

Neurotransmitters exit their neuron, cross a synaptic gap, and attach to the __ of another neuron.

Draganski found that the grey matter in participants' brains __ after learning to juggle & __ after discontinuing it.

Despite his amnesia, EP retained his __ memory which allowed him to perform habits and skills.

Neurotransmission is the process by which neurons communicate with each other at specialized junctions called:

McGaugh gave some participants a beta-blocker to block release of __, read them 2 stories, then asked them to do recall.

Sharot's study provides evidence for the role of emotion, shock, & amygdala activation in the formation of __ memories.

One function of neuroplasticity is __, the strengthening of synaptic connections to improve signal efficiency.

What brain imaging uses magnetic fields to sense the movement of oxygenated blood while the patient does a task?

An electric signal travels from the neuron's dendrites down the axon to the terminal, which stores the messengers or:

While neurotransmitters act rapidly in the nervous system, hormones coordinate long-term processes across the body to:

The ability of the brain to change its structure and function in response to new experiences and learning is called:

Due to the damage to his hippocampus and amygdala, Eugene Pauly could not:

The post-synaptic cell responds to the neurotransmitter in an excitatory or inhibitory way, then:

Maguire's study showed that taxi drivers have larger posterior hippocampi, likely due to the demand their job has for:

Adrenaline & cortisol are __ that can impact learning & memory by influencing how information is encoded & consolidated.

What brain imaging uses magnetic fields & radio waves to map activity of hydrogen protons in a brain’s water molecules?

Draganski did an MRI scan on participants before learning to __, after 3 months of practice, & 3 months after stopping.

The study of HM revealed that his working memory was ok but he couldn't move episodic & declarative info to his:

Adrenaline, also known as ___, is a hormone that plays a key role in the body's "fight-or-flight" response.

The case study of Henry Molaison (HM) focused on how damage to his hippocamus affected his:

Hormones are chemicals produced by the body, but unlike neurotransmitters, hormones are released directly into the:

McGaugh wanted to see if adrenaline (which activates the __) was needed to recall details of an emotional story.

What has provided evidence for the brain localization theory?

Another function of neuroplasticity is __, the elimination of excess or weak synaptic connections.

Despite his inability to form new memories, H.M. could learn tasks, showing that __ is independent of the hippocampus.

Pheromones are chemicals that animals secrete through the skin & can smell on each other. What about humans pheromones?

The increase and decrease of grey matter density in Maguire's participants demonstrates:

The changes in blood flow that are filmed by the fMRI indicate changes in:

Newcomer gave participants a range of cortisol & then read them a paragraph & asked them to recall it, testing their:

McGaugh found that beta blockers lowered the recall rate in the group that heard the emotional story, suggesting that:

Newcomer's study showed that high levels of the stress hormone, cortisol, can __ verbal declarative memory.

Maguire used an MRI on taxi drivers & non-drivers to see the effects of __ on hippocampus structure.

Which brain imaging technique is considered somewhat invasive?

All of these are limitations of case studies EXCEPT:

All of these are strengths of case studies EXCEPT:

The H.M. case study revealed the crucial role of the __ in forming new long-term memories.

The theory that specific brain regions are responsible for particular functions or behaviors is called:

The researcher did a __ scan of Eugene Pauly's brain that revealed the extent of damage to his hippocampus and amygdala.

The case study of Eugene Pauly revealed massive damage to his __ after getting a virus at 70 years old.

Neurotransmission begins when something stimulates the neuron's dendrite, causing an electric signal called an:

Neurogenesis is the process of generating new nerve cells (neurons). It happens during:

Sharot found that those closer to the site showed increased __ activity when recalling 9/11 compared to summer holidays.

What brain imaging traces radioactive liquid injected into the bloods as it moves to areas of high metabolic activity?