2021 AP Psychology: Epic People Review

Event --> Arousal --> Reasoning (Cognitive Labeling) --> Emotion

Revised Binet's test for American use; conducted longitudinal study of high intelligence kids

The behaviorist who scared Little Albert. Classically conditioned fear

Client centered therapy; active listening; unconditional positive regard

Imprinting

Historically she advocated for the mentally ill and cleaning up insane assylums

Learned Helplessness!

Trichromatic Theory of Color: we have three types of retinal receptors (red, green, & blue)

G... I wonder how many kinds of intelligence there are... I say only 1.

Who's your daddy... er, of Psychology? A structuralist; first psych lab

Stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, pre-, concrete and formal operational

His role-playing prison study highlighted how situational influences affect human behavior

Big 5 Traits theory of personality..can you CANOE on the OCEAN?

Studied conformity & how group pressure can distort judgment

When you say one thing, but mean your Mother; defense mechanisms; psychosexual development

You can't split these 2 apart; without them, we wouldn't understand hemispheric specialization

Triarchic theory of intelligence = 3 factors = analytical, creative, practical

Gained "insight" when he studied chimps, sticks, & food

Event --> Arousal --> Interpretation --> Emotion

He was working on the RR, all the livelong day, and took iron to his head w/o losing his mind

Discovered area in left frontal lobe responsible for muscle movements that produce speech

Wundt's student; introduced structuralism (structural elements of the mind); used introspection

Personality has three parts: the id, ego, & superego

Law of Effect & Cats in puzzle boxes

Created Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT); cog. ther. challenges self-defeating thinking

Named the conflict/crisis at each stage of psychosocial development -- trust v. mistrust

He's got curves you'll never forget.

Creator of functionalism; wrote one of the 1st Intro to Psych textbooks

His shocking experiment sought to understand the influence of an authority figure on behavior

Used his operant chamber to study shaping of behavior; could be modified (punish or reward)

Proposed 8 distinct intelligences (which are often misunderstand as learning styles)

His Opponent Process Theory (of vision) explains afterimages

How we respond to stress = GAS = alarm, resistance and exhaustion. What stage are you in?

Cognitive Dissonance Theory; we act to reduce our discomfort when two of our thoughts conflict

Believed the use of an IQ score was not effective when applying it to adults; created the WAIS

My, my, my... isn't this a Strange Situation... careful, you don't want to get too attached!

In his study students faked schizophrenia to get themselves admitted to mental hospitals

Is it bright in here? His law says difference threshold is a percentage, not a constant.

Do you understand the words coming out of my mouth... if so, you're using his part of the brain

Childhood anxiety isn't from your mom, it's from an inferiority complex! He's a Neo-Freudian

The original memory model: sensory/short-term memory/Long term memory theory

Event --> Emotion AND Arousal simultaneously

Said we CAN learn without conditioning; instead it's latent... we create cognitive maps

Father of Cognitive Therapy... change how the patient thinks, the symptoms/problems go away

Hierarchy of needs; self actualization

Developed levels of moral thinking by asking participants to respond to moral dilemmas

Studied taste aversion & how people are biologically predisposed to learn certain associations

She gave us parenting styles --permissive, authoritative and authoritarian

An optimum level of arousal (enough anxiety), will help you do your best work

They exposed us to counter-conditioning therapy using systematic desensitization

Believe in a zone of proximal development for learning (what a kid can/can't do);

Nativist theory of language acquisition -- we're prewired to learn language

Social Learning Theory, observed & modeled Bobo, reciprocal determinism, behavior = interaction

Studied memories; eyewitnesses can be influenced by question framing; misinformation effect

Doggone it! His name ought to ring a bell (father of classical conditioning)... don't drool!

Monkey around & they'd probably separate you from your mother for good; no more comfort contact

They discovered feature detectors

Developed 1st modern intelligence test. IQ = mental age/chronological age x 100

A feminist perspective on moral development; she criticized Kohlberg's stages as gender biased

Neo-Freudian; divided the unconscious mind into the collective and the personal; archetypes