Environmental Science, Midterm Review, December 2022, Part A

Experiments are designed so that the control group differs from the experimental group by one key variable.

Gross primary productivity (GPP) is a measure of how efficiently producers convert the sun’s energy into food energy.

Organisms that feed on the wastes or dead bodies of other organisms are best described as _____.

The air we breathe consists mostly of nitrogen.

A sequence of organisms, each of which serves as a source of nutrients or energy for the next, is called a food chain.

The number of _____ in an atom determines which element it is.

Scientists read each other’s work only after it is published.

Many species of frogs and other amphibians are sensitive to changes in environmental conditions.

The term “biodiversity” refers to the variety of life on Earth.

Throughout most of Earth’s history, the rate of species extinctions has been very high.

Scientists estimate that the fossils found thus far represent about ___ of all species that have ever lived.

Whenever matter undergoes a physical or chemical change, no atoms are created or destroyed.

Adaptations are traits that an organism may develop over its lifetime that increase its chances for survival.

Herbivores are secondary consumers.

Cows eating grass are categorized as which trophic level?

All plants and some animals make up the trophic level of producers.

Two or more atoms can combine to form a molecule.

Organic compounds always contain carbon.

An ecological tipping point marks a state in which an ecosystem can sustain itself.

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Energy is the capacity to do useful work.

Oxygen in an ecosystem is consumed by animals, but not by plants.

Which members of the ecosystem transform glucose into carbon dioxide?

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Artificial selection can only be done in a high-tech laboratory setting.

No fossil evidence remains from ancient species that lacked bones.

A feedback loop occurs when an output is fed back into a system that leads to changes in that system.

Together, natural resources and ecosystem services are referred to as _____.

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