stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Heredity and Genetics Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Heredity and Genetics Review
Heredity and Genetics Review
32 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
140 plays
Heredity and Genetics Test review
Flashcards
32 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
32
Answers
1
How many recessive alleles must be present for the recessive trait to appear?
2
23
46
4
2
Parent genotypes for a pea plant that is heterozygous for round pods with one that is wrinkled?
RR, rr
Rr; rr
rr, rr
Rr, Rr,
3
What types of genetic information can be observed with a karyotype?
extra chromosomes present
alleles/genes
deletion of part of a chromosome
change in DNA bases
4
Incomplete dominance, how will offspring of a red plant(RR) X with a white(rr) plant appear?
Pink (Rr)
Red (RR)
White (rr)
White with red spots (RW)
5
Why are sex-linked traits more common in males than females?
males have 2 copies of each genetic defect
Males only have 1 Y chromosome and are affect if present
Males only have 1 X chromosome and are affect if present
Fathers can only pass genetic defects
6
What does a Punnett square show?
alleles in the gamete of each parent
genotypes of offspring
all possible results of a genetic cross.
actual results of a genetic cross.
7
What types of chromosomes are found in a karyotype?
homologous chromosomes
all of the above
sex chromosomes
autosomes
8
White is an example of a polygenic trait?
blood type
tongue rolling
pea plant seed shape
risk of heart disease
9
Probability of wrinkled pods from Rr x rr?
25%
0%
100%
50%
10
Probability of round pods from Rr x rr?
50%
100%
25%
0%
11
How is probability used in biology?
to figure genetic defects in chromosomes
To actual figure the traits of offspring
WHAT? That's math, not biology and subjects never interact!
to predict the traits of offspring
12
Phenotype ratio for Rr x rr?
2:2
1:3
0:4
4:0
13
What are polygenic traits?
Allele of genes aren't completely dominant over other allele
Many allele versions are available for the trait.
Traits are controlled by 2 or more genes.
Both traits are fully and separately expressed.
14
What does a circle represent in a pedigree?
a carrier of a disease
female
male
affected by disease
15
What is incomplete dominance?
Traits are controlled by 2 or more genes.
Allele of genes aren't completely dominant over other allele
Both traits are fully and separately expressed.
Many allele versions are available for the trait.
16
What is genotype?
Genetic makeup of a specific trait. (Bb)
The occurrence of a specific trait (1:2)
physical characteristics of a specific trait (brown)
Situations in which both alleles are expressed. (BW)
17
What is phenotype?
Physical characteristics of a specific trait (brown)
Situations in which both alleles are equally expressed (BW)
Crosses between dominant and recessive alleles
genetic makeup of a specific trait (Bb)
18
What is a pedigree used for?
show how traits are passed through generations
to determine if alleles are dominant or recessive
to show possibilities the results of parent crosses
determination if traits are inhertied
19
What type of organisms do Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to?
only plants
only pea plants
all living and nonliving organisms
all organisms
20
What is heterozygous?
2 identical alleles for a trait
2 different alleles for a trait
traits that have crossed and separated
traits only received from parents
21
How many chromosomes are in a normal human karyotype?
1
46
23
2
22
What types of traits are determined by multiple alleles?
tongue rolling
hemophilia
Huntington's disease
blood types ABO
23
What conclusion did Mendel make concerning genetics?
Traits inherited through passing of factors from parents
Traits are not linked from parents to offspring.
Traits are recessive only.
Traits are only dominant.
24
What is codominance?
Allele of genes aren't completely dominant over other allele
Both traits are fully and separately expressed.
Traits are controlled by 2 or more genes.
Many allele versions are available for the trait.
25
In codoiminance, how will the offspring appear?
White (rr)
White with red spots (RW)
Red (RR)
Pink (Rr)
26
Genotypic ratio for Rr x rr?
1:1:2
0:4:0
0:2:2
2:2:0
27
What does a square represent in a pedigree?
male
a carrier of a disease
someone affected by a disease
female
28
What does the law of dominance state?
Alleles are recessive only.
Some alleles are dominant and some alleles are recessive
Dominance and recessive do not apply to alleles
Alleles dominant only
29
Which chromosome are most sex-linked genes found on?
autosomes
both X and Y
Y only
X only
30
What two sex chromosomes are found in a female? Amale?
XX; XY
XY; XX
XXXY
XXY
31
What is homozygous?
a mixture of alleles and DNA
a cross of alleles
2 identical alleles for a trait
2 different alleles for a trait
32
What is the law of independent assortment?
Genes in no way ever interact.
Genes must be passed from parents to offspring.
Genes for diff. traits separate w/o influencing each other
Genes can separate, but they always influencing each other
