Koch's first postulate

The microbe must be isolated in a pure culture

Infectious filtrates contain viruses

The germ theory states that

Microbes that invade hosts can cause disease in the host

After the slide is rinsed with the HCl/ethanol solution, what are the final two steps?

rinsed again, and counter stained

Koch's third postulate

The microbe must be recovered from the inoculated animal

Koch's second postulate

Inoculating the microbe into something must make it sick

Koch's fourth postulate

The microbe must be seen in every case of the disease

What allows the spores to retain the dye?

They are heated and steamed for 5 minutes

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Micro Exam 1

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Staining and historical figures

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Questions 34

Answers

1
Which was the first scientist to disprove spontaneous generation? (maggots from meat)
Lister
Hooke
Pasteur
Redi
2
Koch's first postulate
The microbe must be isolated in a pure culture
The microbe must be seen in every case of the disease
The microbe must be recovered from the inoculated animal
Inoculating the microbe into something must make it sick
3
What does a Schaeffer-Fulton spore stain do?
All of the above
Stains everything other than spores red
Stains spores green
Makes spores more visible
4
Beijerinck
Mobile ("jumping") genes
Cellular immunity (phagocytes)
Salvarsan against syphillis
Infectious filtrates contain viruses
5
What is the first dye used in a gram stain?
Malachite green
Carbolfuchsin
Crystal violet
Safranin
6
What is an example of mycobacterium?
Leprosy
Tuberculosis
C. diff
A and C only
7
McClintock
Salvarsan against syphillis
Mobile ("jumping") genes
Infectious filtrates contain viruses
Cellular immunity (phagocytes)
8
The germ theory states that
Microbes can spontaneously arise inside of host
Microbes do not cause infectious diseases
Not all microbes are harmful
Microbes that invade hosts can cause disease in the host
9
After the slide is rinsed with the HCl/ethanol solution, what are the final two steps?
There are no more steps
heated, and steamed
rinsed again, and counter stained
rinsed again, and heated
10
Ehrlich
Cellular immunity (phagocytes)
Mobile ("jumping") genes
Infectious filtrates contain viruses
Salvarsan against syphillis
11
Koch's third postulate
Inoculating the microbe into something must make it sick
The microbe must be seen in every case of the disease
The microbe must be isolated in a pure culture
The microbe must be recovered from the inoculated animal
12
Before an acid-fast stain is decolorized, it must be heated and rinsed
True
False
13
What color does safranin stain?
Blue
Red
Green
Purple
14
What is the counter stain used in an acid-fast stain?
Methylene blue
Carbolfuchsin
Safranin
Malachite green
15
Koch's second postulate
The microbe must be recovered from the inoculated animal
The microbe must be seen in every case of the disease
Inoculating the microbe into something must make it sick
The microbe must be isolated in a pure culture
16
Koch's fourth postulate
Inoculating the microbe into something must make it sick
The microbe must be seen in every case of the disease
The microbe must be isolated in a pure culture
The microbe must be recovered from the inoculated animal
17
Mycobacterium are acid-fast bacteria
True
False
18
What is meant by "acid-fast" bacteria?
It runs away from acid
It eats acid
It lets go of acid
It holds on to acid
19
When is the best time to gram stain?
18-24 hours after inoculation
Right after inoculation
36-48 hours after inoculation
It doesn't matter
20
The spore stain begins with a heat-fixed smear
True
False
21
What are Lister and Semmelweiss known for?
Vaccinations
Finding plasmids in bacteria
Aseptic technique
Discovering viruses
22
What is the first stain used in an acid-fast stain?
Methylene blue
Safranin
Carbolfuchsin
Iodine
23
What is special about the decolorizing agent of an acid-fast stain?
It contain 3% HCl
It contains ethanol
It also works as a counter stain
It contains 3% bleach
24
What is the counter stain used in a spore stain?
Iodine
Crystal violet
Methylene blue
Safranin
25
Metchinikoff
Cellular immunity (phagocytes)
Mobile ("jumping") genes
Salvarsan against syphillis
Infectious filtrates contain viruses
26
What is done after the mordant is added?
Crystal violet dye is added
Acid wash
Counter stain is added
Ethanol wash
27
What allows the spores to retain the dye?
It's impossible for spores to retain a dye
They are heated and steamed for 5 minutes
They will retain any dye no matter what
They are rinsed with 3% HCl in 95% ethanol
28
Washing with ethanol causes all gram-negative bacteria to lose the crystal violet stain
True
False
29
What is the counter stain used in a gram stain?
Safranin
Methylene blue
Crystal Violet
Malachite green
30
What did Leeuwenhook do?
Proved that heat kills microbes
Grinded lenses
All of the above
He was the first person to observe microbes
31
Scientists have found many antibiotics by examining micro-organisms in soil.
True
False
32
What is the first dye used in a spore stain?
Carbolfuchsin
Crystal Violet
Malachite green
Safranin
33
What color do acid-fast bacteria stain?
Green
Purple
Blue
Red
34
What is the mordant of a gram stain?
Iodine
Safranin
Methylene blue
Crystal Violet

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