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Nutrition for Dummies Flashcards | StudBud
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Nutrition for Dummies
Nutrition for Dummies
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1
Nina, cat, weighs 15lbs, BCS 9/9. Estimate that she should be 10lbs. Initial calorie goal for her weight loss plan?
393 kcal
174 kcal
218 kcal
295 kcal
2
Which of the following terms or phrases guarantees a low-calorie diet?
Reduced calorie
Low fat
Light
Weight Management
3
A 2-year-old, 22-pound neutered male dog lives indoors. He has an avg activity level and is at an ideal bwt.
MER?
629
592
425
756
4
Nina, cat, weighs 15lbs, BCS 9/9. Recheck 6 weeks later and weighs 13.9 lbs. Recommendation to owner?
Decrease calorie intake by 10%
increase calorie intake by 10%
Decrease calorie intake by 5%
Keep calorie intake the same
5
Nutraceuticals are often incorporated into commercial pet foods. Which of the following is true about nutraceuticals?
Some have been clinically proven to provide health benefits
Sometimes included at levels which exceed min nutritional requirements
At times, incorporated to make label more attractive
All of the above
6
Cognitive dysfunction in senior dogs can be managed nutritionally. Which of the following nutrients may provide benefit
A blend of antioxidants
Both antioxidants and medium chain triglycerides
CBD oil
Medium chain triglycerides
7
Which of the following statements regarding supplements and treats is most accurate?
People food should be the only snack you feed
Mineral supplements should be used routinely in growing dogs
Vitamin and mineral supplements are necessary when feeding any pet food
Treats should provide less than 10% of the total dietary calories
8
Which of the following statements is
most correct
regarding nutritional adequacy claims and statements on food labels?
Treats must have a statement of nutritional adequacy
“formulated to meet AAFCO nutritional guidelines” = computer formulation
“Nutrit. complete & balanced for adult main.” is “all life stages” diet
"substantiated by AAFCO feeding tests" means pet food went thru feed trial
9
Marnie weighs 6kg, BCS of 7/9 (5 ideal). Want to start weight loss. Estimated target body weight?
2.4kg
7.2kg
3.6kg
4.8kg
10
Treatments would be expected to lead to the biggest improvement in mobility & pain for overweight dog w/ osteoarthritis
MSM
Weight loss
Fish oil
Glucosamine/chondroitin
11
Which is true of foods and treats marketed for dental health?
Most dental treats for dogs are low in calories
VOHC allows companies to use seal if products meet guidelines
Products must be tested for dental benefits to use the "dental" label
Treats that "freshen breath" must follow strict AAFCO guidelines
12
Feeding food that contains 400 kcal per cup,
how much should you feed
beagle at each meal if the dog is fed twice daily?
1.2 cups twice a day
0.25 cups twice a day
2 cups twice a day
0.75 cups twice a day
13
Which is most accurate regarding this rapidly growing market category of holistic pet foods?
Any manufacturer can term diet “organic” as there is no regulation
Holistic is a well-defined legal and regulatory term when applied to food
Natural pet foods are not allowed to have any synthetic vit or minerals
The term “human grade” legally requires a pet food be treated like human
14
Your client is feeding her dog a vegan diet. Which nutrient is likely to be a concern in a dog fed a plant-based diet?
Calcium
Vitamin A
Methionine
Vitamin D
15
Which animal is most at risk if fed an unbalanced homecooked diet for 2 months?
A 4-month old mastiff puppy
Healthy 5-year old dog
A 16-year-old cat with stage 4 CKD
A 3 year-old cat with inflammatory bowel disease
16
What is the ideal rate of weight loss for a dog or cat eating a therapeutic weight loss diet?
1-2% per week
0.5-1% per week
3-4% per week
0.5% per week
17
Which can be included on a pet food label without the company needing to provide any evidence that it is true?
Removes plaque
Freshens breath
Improves gingitivits
Prevents tartar
18
Homecooked diets are preferred by some pet owners. What is an advantage of a homecooked diet?
Safer and healthier due to use of human grade ingredients
Homemade diets are cheaper than commercial ones
Compliance is higher compared to commercial foods
They can be fully customized to the patient if formulated properly
19
Which of these statements is true regarding raw pet diets?
Pets do not get sick from contaminated raw foods
Raw diets are good options for pets w/ allergies, often eliminating it
Freeze-drying is a good way to eliminate bacterial contamination
Owners can become sick if they feed their pet a contaminated raw diet
20
See pic
A) 45% body fat
C) 10%
B) 20%
D) 35%
21
A deficiency in what nutrient has been reported in cats fed a vegan diet?
Calcium
Taurine
Riboflavin
Vitamin K
22
Which statement is true about carbohydrates and cat weight loss?
Low carbohydrate diets are lower in calories than higher carb diets
Calorie intake is more important than carb level for weight loss
Most therapeutic weight loss diets for cats are low in carbs
Cats naturally eat less when fed low carbohydrate diets
23
Which of the following is an increased risk factor associated with obesity in cats or dogs?
Free access to fenced In yard
Feeding canned food diets
Being sexually intact
Ad libitum (free choice) feeding
24
When considering foods for use in weight control programs, which of the following is true?
Feeding less of the pets current diet is the best way for weight loss
Properly formulated diets contain higher nutrient concentration per calorie
Fiber Is usually incorporated in weight diets to reduce formulation costs
Treats rarely constitute a significant amount of total daily caloric intake
25
What is the main problem associated with homecooked diets?
Lot of uncertainties due to lack of testing of ingredients
Homecooked diets have high risk of bacterial contamination
None, they are healthier options than commercial diets
Many pets do not like the taste of homecooked diets
26
Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is most accurate?
Quality control issues with pet dietary supplements are rare
Supplem. manufacturers must prove safety & efficacy to market a product
Supplements can legally claim that they can prevent/treat disease
FDA must prove that a supplement is unsafe to remove it from the market
27
Advantage of feeding a therapeutic weight loss diet versus an over-the-counter diet to an overweight pet?
Higher nutrient to calorie ratio
Lower cost to client
Lower fiber
More convenience
28
When considering the nutrient requirements of large breed dogs for proper bone development, which is true?
Dietary phosphorus is most critical nutritional concern
Excessive calcium consumption may result in orthopedic disorders
Diets that are for "all life stages" are good choices for large breeds
Excessive protein/inadequate VT C is associated with orthopedic disorders
29
When calculating the food dosage for a weight loss program in a dog or cat, it is important to base the calculation on:
Current body weight
Body weight of pet at two years of age
30% of the pets current caloric intake
Ideal body weight
30
In general, what diet form is associated with the least amount of plaque and tartar?
Homemade foods
Biscuit treats
Dry foods
Canned foods
31
When making a pet food recommendation for a pet, which of the following food-related factors should be considered?
The nutritional adequacy statement
The food manufacturer
Nutrient levels compared to nutrients of concern
All of the above.
32
When is the period of highest energy demand for a reproducing dog?
2/3 through gestation (third trimester)
Right after whelping
4 weeks post whelping
Mid-pregnancy
33
Which nutrient is likely to be deficient in a plant-based diet (relative to meat-based) and requires supplemtation?
Glycine
Vitamin B12
Vitamin K
Riboflavin
34
In cats BCS includes the assessment of one criteria not utilized in dogs. Which is it?
Size or thickness of the abdominal apron or fat pad (panniculus)
Fat coverage over the tail base
Fat coverage over the rib cage
Width of the back as viewed from above
35
Which of the following statements regarding supplements and treats is correct?
People food should not comprise more than one-quarter of the diet
Multivitamin & mineral supplements should be used routinely in growing dogs
treats may have nutrient profiles that aren't compatible w/ disease states
Vit & mineral supplements are necessary when feeding expensive commercial
36
Which of the following is most accurate regarding the pet food label ingredient list?
Fruits & veg listed after salt are likely to contribute valuable nutrients
The ingredient list is an accurate indicator of the quality of the diet
ingredients are listed in descending order by weight on a dry matter basis
There are specific AAFCO-approved ingredient names and definitions
37
Which of the following dietary amino acid deficiencies has been associated with dilated cardiomyopathy?
Taurine
Methionine
Carnitine
Lysine
38
Which organization has jurisdiction for addressing contaminated raw pet food?
AAFCO
State Federal Control Official in state where product was made
USDA
FDA
39
Under what circumstances is an over-the-counter food appropriate for weight loss in dogs and cats?
When the diet is high in fiber
Mildly overweight patients that were previously overfed
Obese patients with exercise restriction post-surgery
Dogs but not cats
40
Which of the following statements is true regarding dietary antioxidants:
They protect nutrients within foods as foods are cooked or stored
Incorporated into cell membranes to protect PUFA's from oxidative stress
They scavenge free radicals
All of the above
41
Which of the following organizations is NOT involved in the regulation of pet food or pet food labels?
Federal Trade Commission
AAFCO
FDA (Center for Veterinary Medicine)
AVMA
42
Homemade diets are preferred by some pet owners. Which of the following statements is most correct regarding such diets?
Most combination of meat plus carbs plus veg are nutritionally balanced
Diet drift is common and homemade diet recipes should be reviewed at visit
Bacterial contamination of raw meat based diets is rare & little relevance
Pet cookbooks and the internet are good sources
43
For successful weight loss program, which of the following is true?
If directions on label are followed, the animal is likely to lose weight
Including a treat allowance may increase owner compliance and success
If growing puppies reach obese, they can be placed on therapeutic diet
If a low carb diet is selected, the animal will self-regulate its intake
44
Which nutrient is used in many therapeutic dental diets to reduce plaque and tartar buildup?
Protein
Sugar
Fiber
Calcium
45
Senior diets must meet the nutritional requirements for which of the following life stages?
Growth
Senior
All life stages
Maintenance
46
Developmental orthopedic disorders are most closely associated with which of the following parameters?
Rate of growth
Final adult height
Height of littermates
Height of parents
47
When evaluating homemade diets, which of the following criteria should be considered?
Is there an obvious source of calcium?
What is the source of essential fatty acids?
Is the recipe clear and unambiguous?
All of the above
48
What is the role of dietary fiber on weight management in dogs?
Stimulates food intake and helps promote weight gain
Decreases energy density and promotes satiety
stimulates production of short chain fatty acids, promotes activity
Increases energy density of diet and can promote weight gain
49
The Veterinary Oral Health Council provides (see pic)
Both A and B
A
B
C
50
The AAFCO Canine and Feline nutritional profiles:
Include maximum and minimum intake levels for all essential nutrients
Reflect the optimal level of each nutrient
Were derived from the human nutritional requirements
Were developed to protect pets from nutritional deficiency
51
See pic
C
D
A
B
52
Which of the following statements is true regarding pet foods marketed for the treatment of overweight and obese pets?
Very important for vet to make specific nutritional recommendation
These foods are suitable for repro and growth
Reduced fat foods must contain less than 10% fat
All products marketed for overweight peet AAFCO definition of "light" food
53
Please choose the FALSE statement
Cat protein requirements are higher than those of dogs at all life stages
Cats cannot utilize nutrients found in grains
Cats are obligate carnivores
The dentition of cats is specialized for shearing and cutting of prey
54
Pet foods formulated to provide oral health benefits may:
Contain chelators which bind calcium in mouth and reduce plaque build-up
Remove the enamel on the teeth
Mechanically remove plaque and tartar from teeth
Provide fresh minty breath
55
For large/giant breed puppies, a veterinarian should provide the following information to the clients about BCS
The owner should try to maintain the puppy’s BCS at slightly below ideal
Being slightly overweight is protective
By keeping puppy at an ideal BCS, it will mature to smaller size
BCS is a technically difficult and must be performed by a veterinarian.
56
Which of the following statements is true regarding palatability enhancers?
The same palatability enhancers (digests) work for both dogs and cats
The addition of soft moist particles to a pet food reduces palatability
Moisture is a palatant for dogs
Artificial aromas are only added for pet owner acceptance
57
In order to have USDA organic logo, what % of the product must be made from organic ingredients?
70% of the product
95% of the product
25% of the product
10% of the product
58
Bought product called "Reveille's Best Dog Food
with
Real Texas Beef" What is the minimum amount of beef in food?
25%
3%
less than 1%
70%
59
What recommendations would you give to golden retriever that was just bred?
Feed maintenance food and energy levels throughout gestation
Immediately switch to a gestation food and feed twice maintenance
Feed maintenance food for first 2/3 of gestation then switch
Immediately switch to gestation food and feed at maintenance throughout
60
Which of the following is the preferred method of feeding dogs and cats
Exactly what the bag recommends
Ad libitum
Time restricted feeding
Calculating a food dose for ideal body weight
61
Calculating the cost of feeding a pet is a useful skill. Which of the following statements below is true?
Pet owners often unaware of costs associated w/ feeding pets
Canned foods are least expensive way to feed cats
Formula for daily cost of feeding does not include calorie content
Therapeutic diets are always most expensive way to feed pets
62
Which factor plays a role in occurrence of developmental orthopedic disorders in young dogs of large/giant breeds?
All of the above
Genetics
Environment
Nutrition
63
In consulting with owners who wish to feed raw foods, you should be sure to discuss which of the following points:
GI foreign bodies are potential complications of diets w/ raw bones
All of the above
Dogs consuming commercially prepared raw foods can shed fecal pathogens
food-associated bacterial infections do occur and can be life-threatening
64
Bob, neutered male lab, BCS 8/9 and weighs 95lbs. Estimated ideal weight is 70lbs. What is your initial calorie goal?
1313 kcal
750 kcal
938 kcal
1180 kcal
65
Bob, neutered male lab. BCS 8/9, weighs 95lbs. Now weighs 93lbs after one month of weight loss. Recommendation to owner?
Decrease calorie intake by 10%
Increase calorie intake by 10%
Keep calorie intake the same
Decrease calorie intake by 5%
66
What is the best source to obtain homemade diet recipes for your patients?
Board certified veterinary nutritionists
Googling recipes from the internet
Pet cookbooks
Breeders
67
Which of the following statements about synthetic antioxidants are true:
Dietary antioxidants only protect food and have no effect on the pets
Synthetic antioxidants are inferior to natural antioxidants
Consumers are very concerned about the use of synthetic food preservatives
Natural antioxidants can be used singly in order to protect foods & cells
68
types. Which of the following statements is true regarding selection and use of foods formulated for feline weight loss
Reduced calorie, high fiber diets can be used successfully in cats
Low carb diets diets can be fed free choice to overweight/obese cats
In order to provide satiety, requires a fiber content of 1-2%
Rapid transition to a calorie control food is recommended
69
See pic
B
A
C
D
70
Packaged snacks & treats are not required to have nutritionally adequacy statements but are required to have calories
True
False
71
Which of the following essential nutrients for cats could be limiting in a vegan diet?
Arachidonic acid
Phosphorus
Linoleic acid
Vitamin A (from beta-carotene)
72
The daily energy requirement (AKA maintenance energy) represents the energy required to meet ALL pet's energy needs
True
False
