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Duplicate of IB ESS Exam 2 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of IB ESS Exam 2 Review
Duplicate of IB ESS Exam 2 Review
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1
Which of these ecological pyramids can be inverted (bottom level not the largest)?
Pyramid of Productivity (Energy)
Pyramid of Numbers
Pyramid of Giza
Pyramid of Biomass
2
Which of the following is the best explanation of environmental sustainability?
Human population growth does not exceed previous levels
Human development is sacrificed to protect the environment
Ecosystems are maintained in the same state forever
Use of natural resources does not exceed their rate of regeneration
3
Which of the following would be an example of intraspecific competition?
Two male moose fighting over territory
A milk snake impersonating a deadly coral snake to avoid being eaten
A lion and a hyena competing over prey
A mongoose fighting off a cobra that was attacking her babies
4
In a Food Chain where a snake eats a mouse that eats a plant, what would the snake be?
Secondary Consumer, 3rd Trophic Level
Tertiary Consumer, 3rd Trophic Level
Secondary consumer, 2nd Trophic Level
Tertiary Consumer, 2nd Trophic Level
5
If I start with 200 organisms and end with 100, what was my percent decrease?
200% decrease
100% decrease
50% percent decrease
33% decrease
6
Which of the following is NOT a common criticism of EIAs?
They cannot be viewed by the public until after development has begun
Difficult to account for transboundary pollution and indirect impacts
Environment is not always given priority over development
Potential Bias because the developer is responsible for the report
7
Which of the following would be an example of Mutualism?
A tick sucking blood from the skin of a deer
A human rescuing a turtle caught in ocean plastic
Two packs of wolves helping each other catch prey
An algae and a fungus living together and sharing resources
8
Which of the following factors could influence an organism's fundamental niche?
Competition from other species
Availability of Prey
Acidity of Soil
Temperature
9
Select all of the following that are examples of Density Dependent limiting factors
Natural Disasters
Intraspecific Competition
Amount of Rainfall
Disease
10
What is NOT true about DDT?
It is inorganic
It is persistent
It exhibits bioaccumulation and biomagnification
It is a pesticide
11
What is the correct unit for a Pyramid of Productivity?
Joules per Organism (JPO)
Total number of organisms
Grams per square meter (g m-2)
Joules per square meter per year (J m-2 yr-1)
12
What is Biomagnification?
Increase in toxin concentrations in an organism over time
Increase in the amount of organisms at higher trophic levels
Increase in toxin concentrations moving up the food chain
Increase in the amount of enegy needed to sustain higher trophic levels
13
Which of the following is NOT true?
Ecosystem services are the value provided by natural resources
Ecosystem services include both natural goods and natural services
Natural Income is the total value of all natural resources in an ecosystem
Sustainability occurs when resource use is less than Natural Income
14
Which of the following is NOT a true finding of the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment?
60% of ecosystems studied by the MA are being used unsustainabily
The total number of people living in extreme poverty is increasing
25% of all land on Earth is cultivated
Humans have increased extinction rates by up to 1,000 times
15
What is a primary pollutant?
A pollutant that is at the highest severity level
A pollutant released directly in its current form
A pollutant that comes from a single source
A pollutant that has immediate negative effects
16
What are the 3 core components of Sustainable Development?
Environmental Sustainability, Biodiversity, and Carbon Emissions
Environmental Sustainability, Economic Development, and Social Stability
Environmental Sustainability, GDP per capita, and Life Expectancy
Environmental Sustainability, Economic Equality, and Political Freedom
17
Select all of the following that would be point source pollution
A coal mine
Runoff from fertilizers
Cars on the road
A factory
18
What is WRONG with this Pyramid of Productivity?
It isn't inverted
All of the above
It doesn't include the sun
It isn't drawn to scale
19
Why is the length of Food Chains Limited?
Food Chains can't show more than 5 trophic levels, only Food Webs can
Not enough useful chemical energy due to efficiency losses as waste heat
Top predators are too big and strong to be eaten
Energy gets more concentrated throughout the food chain, becoming dangerous
20
Which of the following is NOT true?
DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP)
Acid rain is a secondary pollutant
Invasive species are a type of pollution
CO2 is an organic, biodegradable pollutant
21
What is Photosynthesis?
Transforming sunlight into CO2, H2O, and energy
The version of cellular respiration used by plants
All of the above are true
Production of food (glucose) using energy from sunlight
22
What type of species does each line on the graph represent?
Both Red and Blue represent different types of R Strategists
Both Red and Blue represent different types of K Strategists
Red = K Strategists, Blue = R Strategists
Red = R Strategists, Blue = K Strategists
23
Which of the Following is NOT True about Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs)?
They are required by law for organizations receiving government funds
If the environmental impacts are too negative, the project can't continue
They are written or paid for by the organization doing the development
EIAs must be made public and be open for public comment
24
Which of the following is a correct ecological definition?
Community: A group of organisms of the same species living together
Ecosystem: Living organisms & their abiotic habitats interacting in an area
Species: Group of Organisms with Identical DNA
Community: A group of organisms of the same species living together
25
Which of the following is NOT a correct ecological definition?
Ecosystem = Habitat (all abiotic factors) + Community (all biotic factors)
Community = A group of populations from many different species in an area
Population = All biotic factors in an area interacting together
Habitat = Abiotic environment where an organism lives
26
What is Niche Partitioning?
Each ecosystem develops its own niche that doesn't overlap with others
Members of the same species split their niche equally between individuals
Different species limit direct competition by dividing their niches
Realized Niches are divided into several Fundamental Niches
27
In this Food Web, what is the rat?
Secondary and Tertiary Consumer
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
Tertiary and Quaternary consumer
28
Which of the following would represent a Level 2 Pollution Management Strategy (control)?
Cleaning up plastics in the ocean
Planting trees to remove CO2 from the atmosphere
Tax incentives to switch from fossil fuels to solar energy
Anti-littering laws
29
In this same Food Web, What Trophic Level is the Frog?
Third and Fourth Trophic Levels
Second and Third Trophic Levels
Third Trophic Level Only
Fourth Trophic Level Only
