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L1 - Intro to Clinical Pathology Flashcards | StudBud
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L1 - Intro to Clinical Pathology
L1 - Intro to Clinical Pathology
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SGU SVM T3 Clinical Pathology; pre-midterm L1 - introductory concepts
Flashcards
25 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
25
Answers
1
Which of the following are examples of pre-analytical errors?
Incorrect collection container & poor sample handling
Poor collection of sample
Poor analytical properties of assay
Patient not prepared (e.g. not fasted, is stressed)
2
Which of the following are common causes of anemia?
Blood loss from trauma/hemorrhage
Bone marrow damage a/o renal failure
Inflammation
Splenic a/o liver damage
3
All assays results may contain errors. Which of the following accounts for 50-75% of all errors?
Analytical errors
Pre-analytical errors
Pre-analytical & analytical errors
Post-analytical errors
4
Which of the following is not a major reason for laboratory testing?
To rule in a possible cause of a patient's illness
To detect an unidentified pathologic state
To define, classify, or confirm a pathophysiologic disorder/disease state
To rule out a possible cause of a patient's illness
5
Prior to diagnostic testing, you should...
Perform a complete physical exam
Perform radiographs to check for anything obvious
Obtain the signalment of the patient
Obtain a complete history
6
Analytical specificity refers to...
Ability to detect desired analyte when interfering substances are present
Production of the expected concentration (uses known standards to test)
Repeatability (ability to replicate the result)
Ability to detect differences in concentration
7
Analytical precision refers to...
Ability to detect desired analyte when interfering substances are present
Ability to detect differences in concentration
Repeatability (ability to replicate the result)
Production of the expected concentration (uses known standards to test)
8
Which of the following is another example of a semiquantitative assay?
[Na+] = 140 mmol/L via chemistry analyzer
Fat droplets detected in a pleural fluid sample
Urine dipstick measurement of certain analytes (e.g. glucose)
[ALT] = 100 IU via chemistry analyzer
9
Which of the following analytes have a Gaussian distribution for the reference interval?
Physiologically regulated analytes (Hgb, glucose, electrolytes)
Enzymes
10
What are Reference Intervals?
An interval between and including the 2 reference limits
An interval between but excluding the 2 reference limits
Results we expect to see in healthy animals
Normals or normal values from a patient's bloodwork
11
Which of the following is accurate for a
qualitative assay
? What is an example?
Approximate concentration or estimate
Urinalysis sediment > epithelial cells present
The result will be present/absent or positive/negative
Platelet estimate on a blood film = ~100,000/μL
12
Analytical accuracy refers to...
Ability to detect desired analyte when interfering substances are present
Ability to detect differences in concentration
Repeatability (ability to replicate the result)
Production of the expected concentration (uses known standards to test)
13
Which of the following are examples of analytical errors?
Poor analytical properties of assay
Transcriptional errors
Verbal reports translated incorrectly
Incorrect collection container & poor sample handling
14
Population-based RIs are consistent across all labs & are instrument & assay
independent
.
True
False
15
If the reference range is 30-100 what is the reference range?
60
70
130
90
16
Only healthy animals will have WRI data.
False
True
17
A quantitative assay is an attempt to get a concentration.
False
True
18
Population-based RIs are calculated from a group of __1__ animals of a given __2__ for a given test.
2 = species
1 = healthy
2 = breed
1 = sick
19
Which of the following analytes have a non-Gaussian distribution (skewed) for the reference interval?
Physiologically regulated analytes (Hgb, glucose, electrolytes)
Enzymes
20
Analytical sensitivity refers to...
Repeatability (ability to replicate the result)
Production of the expected concentration (uses known standards to test)
Ability to detect desired analyte when interfering substances are present
Ability to detect differences in concentration
21
Match the types of blood samples.
Plasma = water, solids, & proteins
Serum = plasma - fibrinogen
Serum = plasma - proteins (including fibrinogen)
Whole blood = cells + plasma
22
Which of the following is accurate for a
semiquantitative assay
? What is an example?
Urinalysis sediment > epithelial cells present
Platelet estimate on a blood film = ~100,000/μL
The result will be present/absent or positive/negative
Approximate concentration or estimate
23
What is the detection limit of an assay?
The lowest detectable concentration
The range of the detectable concentration
The highest detectable concentration
24
Which of the following are examples of post-analytical errors?
Verbal reports translated incorrectly
Transcriptional errors
Poor analytical properties of assay
Incorrect collection container & poor sample handling
25
What type of interference does HEM refer to?
Hemolysis
Hemagglutination
Lipemia
Inflammation
