Psychologists

First prominent exponent of behaviorism

Trained animals to perform complicated tasks including teaching pigeons to play table tennis

Remembered for his experiments on "obedience to authority" that he performed at Yale

Founded the extremely influential discipline of psychoanalysis, used "free association"

Created a notable eight-stage development process

Best known for theories on how social institutions reflect features of psychosocial development

Theory of "individual psychology"

Wrote several "psychohistories" explaining how people like Martin Luther and Gandi

Associate of Freud who split with him over insistence that sexual issues were root of neuroses

Was the first to perform studies of the way children learn, understand, respond to the world

The greatest figure of 20th-century developmental psychology

Codified tenets of behaviorism in Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology

Introduced the controversial notion of the "collective unconscious"--a socially shared mind

Work created the idea of "six degrees of separation" and the "lost-letter" technique

Famous works are The Language and Thought of a Child & The Origins of Intelligence in Children

The lowest unmet need on the hierarchy tends to dominate conscious thought

How different societies create different traditions and ideas to accommodate the same bio needs

Argued that many problems were caused by mental states rather than by biochemical dysfunction

Separated the psyche into the id, ego, and superego

A close associate of Freud's, split with him over degree to which neuroses had a sexual basis

Largely remembered for his idea of the "conditioned reflex", dog salivation at sound of a bell

Argued in The Neurotic Constitution that neuroses resulted from people's not self-realization

Won the Nobel Prize in 1904 for Physiology or Medicine, unrelated work on digestive secretions

Went on to create the movement of "analytic psychology"

Argued psychology could be grounded in objective measures of events, physical human relations

Argued all human actions could be understood in terms of physical stimuli and learned responses

Theory of the "hierarchy of needs" and its pinnacle, the need for "self-actualization"

Most famous for theory of four stages of development

There was no need to study internal mental states or motivations, doing so could be harmful

Leading proponents of behaviorism in works like Walden II and Freedom and Dignity

Principally known for two works, Motivation and Personality and Toward a Psychology of Being

Found that 2/3 of his subjects willing to give electric shocks to humans because a researcher

Most known works are The Interpretation of Dreams and The Psychopathology of Everyday Life

famous ex. involved training 11 month boy to be apprehensive of furry objects by ringing a bell