What was the contribution of Mendel to modern genetics?

Showed how patterns of inheritance work

a process where the cells create identical copies of itself

Which of the following are evidence of evolution

Embryology, Homologous structure, Vestigial structure,

Diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms

On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .

similar species with traits that suited their environment

Which is the definition of evolution?

the change of species over time

What are vestigial structures?

Something that was once useful but now has no use

Why does protein synthesis occur?

responsible for all cell structure and function

What is secondary succession?

plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance

One benefits while not harming the other

Why are mutations important to natural selection?

It gives nature different variations/traits to "pick" from.

What is the correct process of the cell cycle?

G1, S, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

Meiosis is.. (Mark all that apply)

cell division that is required for sexual reproduction., cell division that forms sex cells

Sexual reproduction...

reproduction creating variation in offspring

What would happen if the birth rate and immigration rate in a country increased?

The overall population would increase

When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a population ceases,

population growth begins to slow down.

When the population gets smaller

What is Binary Fission

The division of a cell into two cells with identical genes

Which organs are in the digestive system

Stomach, small and large intestine, pancreas and liver

What do the organs of the digestive system do?

breaks down food into basic nutrients

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Bio Semester 2 Review 2021 - Part 1

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Questions 95

Answers

1
Ecosystems go into communities, communities go into populations, populations go into...
communities
plants
animals
species
2
What disease has to do with the digestive system?
Crohn’s disease
. Gastroenteritis
Celiac disease
All of the above
3
biotic or abiotic
abiotic
biotic
4
What was the contribution of Mendel to modern genetics?
Invented the butterfat test
Showed how patterns of inheritance work
Species can change through natural or artificial selection
DNA is the source of all genetic material
5
Mitosis is...
cells that are produced and genetically distinct.
sexual reproduction to produce living cells not identical
the process to create a child
a process where the cells create identical copies of itself
6
Which of the following are evidence of evolution
Fossil age, Embryology, Homologous structure
Embryology, Homologous structure, Vestigial structure,
animals adaptation, reproduction, natural selection
None of the mentioned
7
What is a cladogram?
A diagram that shows groups of organisms
It is a gram of clads
Diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms
Diagram that shows relationships
8
What stage of the cell cycle is this cell in?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Interphase
Prophase
9
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed . . .
species completely unrelated to those found in South America
completely unrelated species on each of the islands
species exactly like those found in South America
similar species with traits that suited their environment
10
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis
Transcription and translation
Transcription and termination
Transform and transcribe
Translucent and transparent
11
If immigration and emigration numbers remain equal, which is the most important contributing factor to a slowed growth
increased birth rate
decreased birth rate
constant death rate
constant birth rate
12
Which is the definition of evolution?
the appearance of new life forms
the change of species over time
genetic differences in a species
parents passing traits to offspring
13
Which of the following was NOT supported by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
use and disuse
change of species over time
natural selection
inheritence of acquired traits
14
Where does the digestive system begin.
Esophagus
Mouth
Anus
Larynx
15
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Decomposer
Producer
Consumer
16
What are vestigial structures?
Something that was once useful but now has no use
A structure that doesn't suggest common ancestry
Something that was never useful and still isn't for the organism
A structure that is necessary for survival.
17
Does natural selection change individuals or populations?
individuals
populations
18
Why does protein synthesis occur?
The function of the codons
responsible for all cell structure and function
responsible for dna replication
To create monomers
19
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Consumer
Producer
Decomposer
20
What is secondary succession?
The way plants reproduce
Growth of oak trees a year
plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance
The type of animals that live in an ecosystem
21
In Commensalism:
One benefits while not harming the other
Both organisms benefit
Neither benefits
One benefits while harming the other
22
Natural selection is based on the observation that:
All of the options are correct
Individuals vary for inherited traits
More offspring are born than survive
Life is a struggle to acquire limited resources
23
Why are mutations important to natural selection?
It gives nature different variations/traits to "pick" from.
It causes individuals to change.
It causes cancer, killing an entire population- extinction.
It lets an organism change its DNA to be more adaptive.
24
What is the correct process of the cell cycle?
S, G2, G1, Cytokinesis, Mitosis
G1, S, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
Mitosis, S, G1, G2, Cytokinesis
G2, G1, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, S
25
These embryos are evidence for evolution because...
show fetuses are identical
They show common development
adaptive radiation
show biochemical evidence
26
Someone with X and Y chromosomes is...
Neither
Both Male and Female
Male
Female
27
What is the longest organ of the digestive system?
stomach
large intestine
gall bladder
small intestine
28
What is a gamete?
Female cells
Males cells
Sex cells
Animal cells
29
Meiosis is.. (Mark all that apply)
two new cells resulting from the original cell.
cell division that is required for sexual reproduction.
asexual reproduction
cell division that forms sex cells
30
Human ancestors first evolved in...
South America
Australia
Asia
Africa
31
Sexual reproduction...
happens with only one cell involved and no other output.
reproduction creating variation in offspring
happens only once but creates clones or variation
creates clones in offspring
32
In this punnet square
The mother is dominant for the trait
The father is recessive for the trait
The mother is heterozygous for the trait
The father is heterozygous
33
What would happen if the birth rate and immigration rate in a country increased?
It would stay the same
The overall population would decrease
More fish would be present
The overall population would increase
34
How are populations described?
Dispersion
Density
Size
35
Producer, Consumer, or Decomposer?
Producer
Decomposer
Consumer
36
When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a population ceases,
population growth begins to slow down.
the size of a population ceases.
the size of the population stays the same
population growth begins to speed up.
37
Biotic or Abiotic ?
Abiotic
Biotic
38
which organism is NOT a carnivoe
lion
tiger
fox
bear
39
What is emigration
When the population gets smaller
When there is not enough food
When the population stays the same
When the population gets bigger
40
Which form of RNA is the messenger?
IM DNA
tRNA
Hermes RNA
mRNA
41
The climatogram to the right most likely represents
savanna
tundra
temperate broadleaf forest
tropical rain forest
42
What is Binary Fission
The division on multiply cells identical genes
The division of a cell into two cells with identical genes
Two cells with identical genes
Fungus
43
Which organs are in the digestive system
Stomach, small and large intestine, brain
Kidneys, bladder, pancreas and liver
Pancreas, liver, muscles, and heart
Stomach, small and large intestine, pancreas and liver
44
DNA and RNA are...
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
45
After DNA replication, the two DNA molecules that are made:
are opposite
cannot replicate again
leave the nucleus
are identical
46
What do the organs of the digestive system do?
Helps you lose weight
Kills bad breath
breaks down food into basic nutrients
breaks down oxygen
47
Vestigial or Homologous?
analogous
Vestigal
Homologous
homogous
48
Which animal would be at the top of the Artic food chain?
sharks
penguins
orca ( killer whale)
fish
49
What was the first human ancestor to use fire?
Gorilla gorilla
H. habilis
H. sapien
H. erectus
50
What part of the world would I find Tundra biomes?
towards the south pole region.
towards the north pole region.
equator.
all over the world.
51
The ABO blood typing system represents which type of genetics?
Monohybrid cross
Codominance
Dihybrid cross
Sex linked inheritance
52
Using this cladogram, which animal does not have jaws?
Lizard
Hagfish
Mouse
Pigeon
53
What is fragmentation?
Growth or repair
Parts of an organism breaks off then grows into a new one
Genetic material is replicated
Traits of both parents
54
Which of the following best describes evolution?
Cumulative change in observable characterics of an organism
Cumulative change in heritable characterics of an organism
Cumulative change in heritable characterics of a population
Cumulative change in observable characterics of a population
55
Why are producers at the bottom of the food chain?
they make their own food
they only eat bugs
they are really small
they are super tasty
56
What is the Rh Factor in blood typing?
the antigen that, if present, means that we have + blood
antigen that helps determine if blood is human or animal
none of these
the antigen that determines if we have A, B, AB, or O blood
57
What is the result of meiosis?
2 genetically unique daughter cells
4 genetically identical daughter cells
4 genetically unique daughter cells
2 genetically identical daughter cells
58
DNA is ____ stranded, while RNA is ____ stranded.
double; double
single; double
double; single
triple; double
59
Meiosis results in the formation of
2N daughter cells
body cells
haploid cells
diploid cells
60
What do arrows in a food chain represent?
Transfer of energy
Map Directions
Who eats who
Smaller to bigger animal
61
Natural selection increases the frequency of:
Characteristics that make individuals better adapted
Random mutations within a species
Change within a species
Characteristics that make individuals less well adapted
62
Homozygous dominant could be referred to by?
Hh
hh
hH
HH
63
What limits Population Growth?
natural selection taking place
none of the above
Resources being used up
Birth rates increasing
64
Which of these is NOT used as evidence of evolution?
Homologous structures
Embryos
Fossils
Environment
65
Asexual reproduction is..
reproduction leading to creates clones in offspring
reproduction leading to variation only
reproduction leading to no effect at all
reproduction leading to clones and variation
66
What is the order of a food chain?
Sun->Producers ->Herbivores-> Omnivores ->Carnivores
Producers ->Herbivores-> Omnivores ->Carnivores
Sun->Producers ->Herbivores-> Carnivores-> Omnivores
Sun->Producers ->Carnivores -> Omnivores ->Herbivores
67
RNA is a
Triple strand
single strand
Double strand
quadruple strand
68
Type of succession that already HAS soil:
All of the above
Secondary succession
Primary succession
Tertiary succession
69
What is Predation?
Prey & Predator
Harmed & Helped
Predator & Harmed
Predator & Predator
70
Meiosis divides into unique ______ ?
Fragmentation
Binary Fission
Budding
Gametes
71
Which biome has more species of plants and animals than all other land biomes?
Tropical Rainforest
Temperate Rainforest
Grassland
Tundra
72
Which of these are evidence for evolution?
Intelligence
Color
Fossils
73
Which level of this food pyramid represents the largest amount of organisms ?
Primary Producers
Tertiary Consumer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
74
Is this a Herbivore??
True
False
75
Omnivore
Eats plants and meat
Eats plants
Eats meat
76
What is agglutination in the blood?
The clotting of both red and white blood cells
The hardening of plasma in the flow of blood
A type of blood borne virus that causes HIV
White blood cells attacking red blood cells
77
Mutualism means...
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles!
When something goes wrong and there is a mutation
A type of symbiosis
An interaction between two species in which both benefit
78
What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?
Dominant are hidden behind the reccessive allele.
Dominant always shows up when the organism is present.
Reccessive is hidden behind a tree.
79
Where does protein synthesis occur?
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
80
Where would flowers have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 3
Box 4
Box 2
Box 1
81
what is parasitism
one species gets killed
one species benefits and the other is not usually killed
both species benefit
When one species benefits and the other is harmed
82
Recessive traits are always homozygous.
False
True
83
What stage of the cell cycle is this cell in?
Anaphase
Metaphse
Telophase
Cytokenesis
84
Where would chloroplasts have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 1
Box 3
None of the Above
Box 2
85
Homozygous recessive should be represented as?
hh
hH
Hh
HH
86
What does the digestive system do?
Pumps blood throughout the body
Helps your arms and legs move
Breaks down and handles food
Helps you breathe
87
Which of the following parts of the graph shows exponential growth?
C
B
It is not shown
A
88
Convergent evolution
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
89
Population growth is _______________.
A decrease in the number of individuals in a population
decomposed plant and animal matter from millions of yrs ago
# of organisms of the same species living in a region.
The increase in the number of individuals in a population.
90
What level has the most energy on an energy pyramid?
producer
1st level consumer
2nd level consumer
3rd leevl consumer
91
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
There is no difference.
A food chain includes multiple food webs
A food chain follows the flow of energy through one path.
A food web includes multiple food chains.
92
Ecosystems and Biomes are the same
True
False
93
What are biomes?
very large ecosystems
Small ecosystems
Tiny ecosystems
Not an ecosystem
94
Analogous structures are....
Different vertebrae
Left over from ancestor
different function, same structure
similar function, different in structure
95
When does DNA replication occur?
During interphase before mitosis
Before interphase
After interphase
During interphase after mitosis

Bio Semester 2 Review 2021 - Part 1 Flashcards | StudBud