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OCR Biology A Module 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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OCR Biology A Module 4
OCR Biology A Module 4
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An overview of the key ideas in Biodiversity, evolution and disease.
Flashcards
49 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
49
Answers
1
In a physical response to infection a plant can produce ....
cellulose.
callose.
citronella.
cyanide compounds.
2
Why do scientists classify organisms?
To predict characteristics.
to find evolutionary lengths.
To identify different species.
All of these answers.
3
What is convergent evolution?
When related species become similar.
When unrelated species become different.
When related species become different.
When unrelated species become similar.
4
What is synthetic biology?
Making new bacteria to make drugs.
Making new drugs in fermenters.
Making new drugs in the lab.
Making GM mammals produce wanted proteins in their milk.
5
Genetic variation is caused by ....
mutations
chance
the environment
meiosis
6
Seed banks are examples of .....
ex situ conservation
in situ conservation
7
What are polymorphic gene loci?
The number of genes being studied.
The number of heterozygous characters being studied.
The number of alleles being studied.
The number of homozygous characters being studied.
8
Herd immunity is when a certain % of the population has to be vaccinated to protect everyone.
False
True
9
in Simpson's index of diversity a low number represents a healthy ecosystem.
True
False
10
Which is the correct way to write the Latin name of a donkey?
Equus asinus
Equus Asinus
equus asinus
Equus asinus
11
Why is the secondary immune response bigger and faster than the primary response?
T helper cells are present
B plasma cells are present
B memory cells are present
T Killer cells are present.
12
Which domains are the most closely related?
Bacteria and eukarya
Archaea and eukarya
Archaea and bacteria
13
What is the order of the taxonomic hierarchy?
Kingdom; phylum; order; family; class; species; genus
Kingdom; phylum; family; order; class; genus; species
Kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; species
Kingdom; phylum; order; family; class; genus; species
14
Humans always have a negative impact on biodiversity.
False
True
15
Phylogeny is ......
the study of all organisms in a phylum.
the evolutionary relationships between organisms.
the study of different phyla.
the way organisms are named.
16
Different organisms can share a specific name.
True
False
17
How could the problem of antibiotic resistance be solved?
Search for new antibiotics in soil microorganisms.
Continue as we are.
Develop an effective test to identify the type of infection.
Use existing drugs less
18
How many taxonomic groups are there in a traditional classification system?
3
5
7
8
19
Natural selection always arises due to the negative effects of selective pressures.
True
False
20
The spread of communicable diseases can be effected by social factors.
True
False
21
Natural selection relies on ...
genetic variation
genetic uniformity
different environments
selective pressures
22
A few individuals surviving a natural disaster and forming a population is an example of ...
genetic drift
the founder effect
a genetic bottleneck
natural selection
23
What statistical test can be used to compare mean of two sets of data?
student's t test
standard deviation
χ2 test
correlation coefficient
24
Why is a fever a useful response to an infection?
specific immune systems work faster at higher temperature.
mast cells release more histamines.
host enzymes are denatured.
higher temperatures inhibit pathogen reproduction.
25
Darwin published his book in.....
1859
1846
1831
1852
26
Immunoglobulins are ......
antigens.
protein molecules.
produced by pathogens.
antibodies.
27
What is the key component of a vaccination?
the parasite
all of these
the pathogen
the antigen
28
An example of comparative anatomy is .....
order of nucleotides
protein structure
the pentadactyl limb
embryo structure
29
A line transect could be used to sample a field.
False
True
30
Sampling reliability is increased by......
using regularly placed quadrats.
having a large sample size.
using random sampling
31
In the modern classification how many domains are there?
4
1
3
2
32
In situ
conservation is beneficial because .....
it maintains the abiotic aspects of a habitat.
it can prevent endangered species being predated on.
it allows ecological relationships to continue
it can ensure endangered species have high quality food.
33
Interspecific variation is the differences within a species.
True
False
34
Malaria is better prevented than cured because......
the pathogenic virus exists inside the cells.
the pathogenic protoctist exists inside the cells.
the pathogenic mosquito is resistant to drugs.
the pathogenic bacteria exists inside the cells.
35
What can bacteria, viruses, protists and fungi all be ?
Pathogens
Vectors
36
Animals have physical defences against infection which include .....
antibodies; mucous membranes; skin
skin; phagocytosis; blood clotting
stomach acid; antibodies; mucous membranes
stomach acid ; skin; blood clotting
37
Sampling is used to ........
record how many different species are present.
measure the exact number of organisms in an area.
get a representative idea of the biodiversity of an area.
38
Cell mediated immunity is caused by ....
T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
39
Antigen presenting cells are.....
Neutrophils
Macrophages
B plasma cells
T helper cells
40
What types of adaptations is camouflage an example of?
behavioural
physiological
all of these
anatomical
41
Why is it important the biodiversity be maintained?
ecological reasons
economic reasons
aesthetic reasons
All of these
42
How many components does species diversity have?
3
4
2
1
43
Which type of immunity is conferred by breast feeding ?
natural passive
natural active
artificial passive
artificial active
44
What is used to measure spread about the mean in a normal distribution curve?
norm value
frequency data
standard deviation
average data
45
Antibiotic resistance is an example of ......
evolution
specialisation
speciation
differentiation
46
Discontinuous variation is most likely due to .......
a single gene and the environment.
a single gene.
multiple genes and the environment.
multiple genes.
47
Biodiversity can be measured at ......
the species level
the environment level
the habitat level
the genetic level
48
How many types of T lymphosytes are there?
3
4
2
1
49
Ways to reduce antibiotic resistant infections include...
improving the standards of hygiene in hospitals.
treating all infections with antibiotics.
minimising the use of antibiotics.
allowing all patients to fight infections naturally.
