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WJEC GCSE Changes in health and medicine, c.1340 to the present day Flashcards | StudBud
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WJEC GCSE Changes in health and medicine, c.1340 to the present day
WJEC GCSE Changes in health and medicine, c.1340 to the present day
100 terms
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1
Barber-surgeons would use leeches on their patients
True
False
2
What name was given to four liquids which medieval doctors needed to be kept in balance for people to remain healthy?
The four elements
The four seasons
The four waters
The four humours
3
Who was the first Minister of Health when the NHS was created in 1948?
David Lloyd George
Aneurin Bevan
William Beveridge
4
Alchemy is the medieval forerunner of
biology
chemistry
physiology
5
In 1854, Florence Nightingale left Britain to nurse soldiers during which war?
The Boer War
The Napoleonic War
The Crimean War
6
With which area of medicine is Vesalius linked?
Orthopaedics
Anatomy
Pediactrics
Surgery
7
How did Robert Koch prove that every disease was caused by a different germ?
He stuck paper on them.
He labeled them.
He dyed them using stain.
He painted them different colours.
8
Which act of 1875 forced councils to provide clean water, effective drainage and sewage systems in each area?
The National Insurance Act
The Artisans Dwellings Act
The Public Health Act
9
Which governments were responsible for the welfare reforms of the period 1906–1914?
Labour governments
Liberal governments
Conservative governments
10
Which plague hit London 1665-1666?
Diphtheria
Black Death
Great Plague
Cholera
11
Vaccinations has almost
eradicated
smallpox on our planet.
born
buried
grown
eliminated
12
Who was the most famous soothsayer in the medieval period?
Mother Teresa
Mother Sherbert
Mother Cripton
Mother Shipton
13
In which year was Great Ormond Street children’s hospital founded?
1825
1855
1852
14
In medieval times, which organisation ran most of the hospitals in Britain?
City and town councils
The Church
The government
15
What were the causes of illness and disease?
punishment from God
astrology
unbalanced humours
Bar air/miasma
16
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children was founded on 14 February in what year?
1652
1752
1952
1852
17
How did the government deal with the 1665 Plague differently to the 1348 Plague?
Ordered the killing of rats
Mayor published orders including killing 200,000 cats
Ordered days of public prayer and fasting
Isolated the sick
18
In which year did Dr Christiaan Barnard carry out the world’s first heart transplant?
1976
1967
1969
1979
19
Who published a report in 1889 which showed that one third of people in London lived in poverty?
Seebohm Rowntree
William Beveridge
Charles Booth
20
After the discovery of chloroform, what name was given to the 20-year period when the death rate from surgery increased?
The red period of surgery
The black period of surgery
The dark period of surgery
The harsh period of surgery
21
The Spanish Flu epidemic originated in ?
Spain
Unknown
Portugal
France
22
At the time of the MMR debate what was the coverage by the media
Strongly negative towards the vaccine
Positive towards the vaccine
Positive towards the government
Negative towards the parents
23
Which anaesthetic did James Simpson introduce?
Ether
Nothing
Chloroform
Laughing Gas
24
In 1665 Plague doctors had beaks of herbs.
Medieval Cause of disease
Both medieval and Renaissance cause of disease
Renaissance cause of disease
25
John Snow investigated the cholera outbreak of which year?
1835
1854
1861
1848
26
In 1901, who discovered the different blood groups?
Joseph Lister
Howard Florey
Karl Landsteiner
Tim Spector
27
How did people try to prevent catching the Black Death?
clean the house
carry sweet smelling herbs
wash themselves regularly
wash their clothes regularly
28
What was the name of the 1942 report which proposed the creation of a free national health service?
The Giants Report
The Bevan Report
The Beveridge Report
29
Medieval doctors
Used clinical observations to stop the Plague
Had no idea how to stop the Plague
Cured the Plague
The leeches worked
30
What was the death toll in Merthyr from Cholera in Wales in 1849?
2001
1682
1925
1066
31
What did Joseph Lister use during operations to stop wounds from becoming septic?
Ether
Chloroform
Antiseptic
Carbolic spray
32
How long were plague sufferers quarantined inside their homes during the Great Plague, 1665?
28 days
6 months
I week
33
With which of the following is William Harvey associated?
The respiratory system
The digestive system
The reproductive system
The circulatory system
34
What did Physicians and Soothsayers do to prevent illnesses in medieval times?
Used cats and star charts, herbs and stones and Mrs Shipton
Used urine and star charts, herbs and stones and Mrs Shipton
Used gases and star charts, herbs and stones and Mrs Shipton
Used urine and star charts, herbs and stones
35
The two scientists involved in the MMR debate were:
Wakeshield and Broma
Weissman and Honda
Wakefield and Honda
There were no scientists involved
36
Causes of the Black Death
Jews & position of planets
Poor hygiene/conditions and infected rats
Too much tv
37
During the Renaissance, which important development helped new medical ideas spread rapidly?
The printing press
New designs of ships
The discovery of America
Increase in medical
38
What did Ambroise Paré use to tie off blood vessels to stop bleeding during operations?
Cautery
Alchemy
Ligatures
39
Which town in Wales was worst affected by Cholera in 1832?
Cardiff
Merthyr
Newport
Swansea
40
Which is not a cause of disease in Medieval times?
Miasma
Flagellation
Planets
God
41
The Black Death FIRST originated in which place?
America
Italy
Asia
Africa
42
Realising its importance, how much did the US government invest in research into penicillin in World War II?
$1,000,000
$50,000,000
$10,000,000
$80,000,000
43
Which town did Sir Henry de le Beche describe in his public health report in 1845?
Manchester
Merthyr Tydfil
London
44
The study of which liquid led Louis Pasteur to develop his germ theory?
Urine
Beer
Tea
Water
45
Human and industrial waste dumped into rivers, causing cholera and other diseases.
False
True
46
How can we prevent Cholera?
I & II
I, II & IV
II & IV
I only
47
What did Robert Koch discover?
Used chloroform as an anaesthetic
Learned how to grow bacteria
Discovered the use of x-rays
Used a carbolic spray to protect against infection
48
How were diseases like cholera and typhoid spread during the industrial revolution?
Leaches
Mosquitoes
Lice
Infected water
49
How many new council houses were built by the Labour government between 1945 and 1951?
500,000
1 million
200,000
50
Major advances in 20th century medicine include
Family planning
Discovery of insulin
Antibiotics
Flouridation of drinking water
51
Who discovered penicillin in 1928?
Ernst Chain
Marie Curie
Alexander Fleming
Florence Nightingale
52
Pasteur worked on which type of cholera?
Light
Sheep
Dark
Chicken
53
The 'mediciner' in the Laws of Hywel Dda occupied an important place in a landowners household in Wales
True
False
54
In the Middle Ages, what name was given to the books of plants that contained remedies for diseases?
Humours
Clergy
Infirmaries
Herbals
55
Which characteristic of the Industrial Revolution most directly contributed to cholera and typhoid in England
trade union movement
new power sources
the ideas of Karl Marx
urban popultion growth
56
In what years were there cholera outbreaks in Wales?
1832, 1849, 1854, 1866
1831, 1850, 1855, 1860
1830, 1849, 1854, 1866
1832, 1850, 1854, 1866
57
Marie Curie’s work on radiation was important in which other development in medicine?
Transplant surgery
Cancer Treatment
X-ray
Aseptic surgery
58
Plague doctors from 1665 would have had some protection from the plague thanks to their uniforms.
True
False
59
In the Middle Ages, what was a lazar house?
Lab
An area of a monastery that was like a wash room
Another name for a privy
A hospital for people with leprosy
60
What was another 'cause' of disease in medieval times?
Patterns in the sun
Patterns in the stars
Punishment by God
Full moon
61
Why do many historians believe that the Great Fire of London helped to improve public health in the city?
Because it killed the plague germs
Because it killed the rats which had spread the plague
Because London had to be rebuilt in brick and stone
62
Edward Jenner is well known around the world for his contribution to immunization and ...
chickenpox vaccine
smallpox vaccine
cowpox caccine
Meningitis vaccine
63
Which type of people were most frequently found in medieval hospitals?
Lepers
The sick
The poor and elderly
64
What was the problem with hygiene in the Medieval period?
People would have been covered withdirt, fleas and lice
They pooed into a bucket
The bucket was emptied into their 'fresh' water source
Bathing was a rarity even for the rich
65
Cholera, typhoid, and other diseases spread quickly due to the Industrial Revolution...
False
True
66
Who was Louis Pasteur?
A German scientist
A Russian doctor
A French chemist
An Italian businessman
67
Which part of medicine is John Snow and cholera?
Disease and Infection
Public Health
Surgery and Anatomy
68
Impact of the Black Death
Decline of religious influence
Disrupution of trade
Scarcity of labor
Decline in Population
69
In 1665, a plague attacked London. This plague was transmitted through
Mosquitoes
Fleas that lived on rats
Flies
Rats and Mice
70
In which south Wales town was there an earlier, local version of the NHS in the 1930s?
Tredegar
Swansea
Pontypridd
71
When was the Spanish Flu Epidemic?
When it happened
1918
1919
1819
72
Who designed the Thomas splint?
Hugh Owen Thomas
Robert Jones
Evan Thomas
73
What was Louis Pasteur's discovery?
That dead things caused disease.
That germs cause disease.
That disease is caused by evil spirits.
That bad air caused disease.
74
Encouraged the use of antiseptics
Joseph Lister
Robert Fulton
Karl Benz
Joseph Tesla
75
The Spanish flu epidemic
was restricted to those fighting in the trenches.
was devastating on the homefront.
killed only overseas.
only affected unvaccinated Americans.
76
In 1952 what was responsible for the deaths of 12,000 Londoners?
Motor car emissions
Pollution from factories
Smog
77
Which branch of science did Robert Koch develop?
Pathology
Bacteriology
Radiology
78
In the Middle Ages, who would poor people go to if they wanted a broken arm set?
A wise-woman
The clergy
Dynion hysbys/Wise men
A barber surgeon
79
Plague Doctors in 1665 wore masks to keep out miasma.
True
False
80
Which of these was a traditional treatment in the Medieval era?
Anaesthetic
Herbal remedies
Paracetamol
Laughing gas
81
In which year did the Liberal government introduce free school meals for children?
1906
1907
1908
82
What caused child bed fever?
not washing hands between patients
unclean sheets
mother's not taking care of their babies
it is still a mystery
83
Apart from blood letting the medieval doctors used to diagnose illness by examining ....
mucus
urine
blood colour
spit
84
Child bed fever is
intestinal infection
infant infection
type of pediatric heart infection
infection of uterus
85
Who did medieval doctors treat?
Only the poor
Only the rich
Everyone
People of 'godly' character
86
In which year were prescription charges introduced, ending the free treatment which had been the aim of the NHS?
1952
1962
1982
87
London was a dirty, crowded city in 1665. The conditions meant there were a lot of what?
Cats
Dogs
Rats
Squirrels
88
In the Middle Ages, what were latrines?
Public toilets
Public bath houses
Hospitals in monasteries
89
Robert Koch discovered the bacteria which caused?
Glandular Fever
Blood poisoning
Tuberculosis
The common cold
90
What was a cause of poor hygiene in the medieval period
lots of people
waste being thrown in common areas
animals
contaminated water
91
For his research in which area was Martin Evans awarded a Nobel Prize in 2007?
Cancer Research
Stem cells
Immunisation
AIDS
92
Who discovered X-rays in 1895?
Joseph Lister
Clara Barton
Wilhelm Roentgen
Louis Pasteur
93
How many pets were killed during the Great Plague, 1665?
50,000 dogs and cats
40,000 cats, 20,000 dogs
none
94
Beliefs about the causes of disease in Medieval times include
The Theory of Four Humours, Astrology, Inherited disease
The Theory of Four Humours, Astrology, Miasma and God
The Theory of Four Humours and poor health and lifestyle choices
The Theory of Four Humours, Miasma and God
95
Under the terms of the National Insurance Act of 1911, how much did employees contribute to the scheme each week?
4d
3d
2d
96
How did the doctors cure the plague in 1665?
Vaccinations
There was no cure
Antibiotics
Bloodletting & leeches
97
The Cold Water Treatment is a ____ for female hysteria.
Cure
Symptom
98
Who were the most famous family of doctors in medieval Wales?
The physicians of Myddfai
The physicians of Holywell
The physicians of Rhondda
The physicians of Margam
99
_________ spread the Black Death.
Cows and Bats
Fleas and Rats
Mongoloid Cats
Chickens and Gnats
100
Who wrote the
Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population
in 1842?
Edwin Chadwick
Dr John Snow
Joseph Bazalgette