stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
39 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
676 plays
A #quiz to #review the #scientificrevolution and #theenlightenment
Flashcards
39 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
39
Answers
1
In the 1600’s, English scientist ______ defined the difference between elements and compounds.
Kepler
Newton
Bacon
Boyle
2
The Enlightenment was a revolution of thought that took place in ______.
America
Africa
Asia
Europe
3
____ an agreement between people and their government.
Social Agreement
Social Contract
Locke
Natural Rights
4
Aristole and Ptolemy posited the _______ model of the universe.
hepatic
geometric
heliocentric
geocentric
5
Descartes thought knowledge was best gained using facts from general to specific called ___.
observation
inductive reasoning
hypothesis
deductive reasoning
6
Which of the following was the only absolute despot who began reforms of the Enlightenment?
Frederick the Great
Joseph II
Catherine the Great
Maria Teresa
7
This class was unaffected by the Enlightenment
Bourgeoisie
Nobles
Lower class and peasants
Clergy
8
Rousseau argued that through a ____, a society agrees to be governed by its general will.
Social Contract
Popular Sovereignty
Natural Rights
General Will
9
Newton and other Enlightenment thinkers believed truth could be found through ______.
strict obedience to authority
maintaining the traditional order
the study of religion
the application of reason
10
Which of the ideas does not belong?
checks and balances
Bill of Rights
natural rights
social contract
11
Which of the following is NOT an idea from the Enlightenment?
Absolute monarchy is good.
Taxes are wrong.
Government should be limited.
Humans are naturally evil.
12
In social gatherings called __, hosetesses of Paris helped spread the Enlightenment ideas.
philosophes
barouques
salons
censorships
13
Which pair of ideas were the MOST central to the Scientific Revolution?
patriotism and pastoralism
tradition and theology
artistic innovation and humanism
observation and experimentation
14
Prior to the Scientific Revolution, the official doctrine of the Catholic Church held that:
the sun revolved around the Earth
planetary bodies move in ellipses, not circles
truth is not known at the beginning of an inquiry
the earth revolved around the sun
15
The scientific method involves making ______.
hypotheses
heresies
observations
laws
16
Which of the following is known for discovering that the orbits of the planets were elliptical?
Kepler
Newton
Galileo
Locke
17
This philosophe argued for separation of powers.
Voltaire
Locke
Montesquieu
Diderot
18
____ was known for the creation of rationalism and his statement “I think, therefore I am.”
Locke
Hobbes
Descartes
Kepler
19
With which of the following statements would Adam Smith most agree?
Government should stay out of economic issues when possible.
The government should provide unemployment benefits.
The government should provide tax breaks for childcare costs
The national government should fund public schools.
20
Locke believed the gov had an obligation to the people. If gov failed , then the people could
Continue to be persecuted
Move to another country
Overthrow the government
Refuse to vote in the next election
21
The Enlightenment writers and philosophers believed the government decisions should be based on
The concept of divine right of kings
Laws of nature and reason
Fundamental religious beliefs
Traditional values
22
___ was a philosopher who argued in favor of natural rights and the right to overthrow a gov.
Locke
Hobbes
Bacon
Rousseau
23
Which of the following documents was MOST influenced by the ideas of Montesquieu?
The Articles of Confederation
The Constitution
The Bill of Rights
The Declaration of Independence
24
Enlightenment thinkers believed ____.
Governments are instituted to protect citizens’ rights
Most changes in government are dangerous
Absolute monarchy is the most effective form of government
Popular liberties should be limited
25
Which of following was written by Denis Diderot in order to promote knowledge?
Candide
Two Treatises on Government
the Encyclopedia
Leviathan
26
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in:
Supporting the divine right theory
Changing the relationship between people and the government
Debating the role of the church in society
Promoting increased power for European monarch
27
The Enlightenment was a revolution of thought that started in ______.
America
Africa
Asia
Europe
28
With which of the following would an Enlightenment thinker MOST agree?
A strong military government is needed
The only important part of a society is its economy
The right to rule comes from the consent of the people
The right to rule comes from God
29
This type of ruler allowed religious toleration and freedom of speech and the press.
President
Tyrant
Absolutist
Enlightened despot
30
Bacon stressed the importance moving from specific observations to general laws through ______.
observation
inductive reasoning
hypothesis
deductive reasoning
31
Newton created a branch of mathematics called _____, which he used to natural laws of motion.
trigonometry
algebra
physics
calculus
32
____ promoted the ideas of Copernicus and later was forced to recant his work.
Galileo
Ptolemy
Aristotle
Bacon
33
The Enlightenment thinkers believed the government decisions should be based on
Traditional values
Laws of nature and reason
Fundamental religious beliefs
The concept of divine right of kings
34
In the 1600s, philosophers concluded that ___ could be used to solve all human problems.
reason
science
thought
religion
35
The new intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought and the power to solve problems was
Great Awakening
Scientific Revolution
Geocentric theory
Enlightenment
36
The ___ theory contends the sun is at the center of the solar system.
heliocentric
centrifugal
geocentric
geometry
37
According to Rousseau, the right to govern is given by ______.
bloodlines
the Church
the divine ruler
the people
38
The __ theory contends the Earth is at the center of the solar system.
geometric
hepatic
heliocentric
geocentric
39
The French word ____ meant “philosopher”, or “enlightened thinker.
peon
philosophe
bourgeoisie
philosophy
