stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Earth Science SOL Review Part 2 Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Earth Science SOL Review Part 2
Earth Science SOL Review Part 2
117 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
83 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
117 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
117
Answers
1
Which best describes a major characteristic of both volcanoes and earthquakes?
The are related to glacier formation
They are located in the same geographic areas
They are centered at the poles
They are restricted to the Southern Hemisphere
2
Which planet has the most eccentric orbit?
Mercury
Mars
Earth
Jupiter
3
The orbiting motion of the Earth is best described as
rotation
declination
revolution
inclination
4
_____ are hurtling through space and not captured in Earth's atmosphere.
meteoroids
meteorites
meteors
5
Which coastal area is most likely to experience a severe earthquake?
west coast of Africa
east coast of N America
east coast of Australia
west coast of S America
6
What is the wind velocity and direction?
Northwest at 20 knots
Southeast at 15 knots
Northwest at 10 knots
Southeast at 10 knots
7
Earth is the __________________ planet from the Sun.
fourth
second
fifth
third
8
Where do most earthquakes originate?
evenly spaced along the MOHO
randomly across Earth's surface
within Earth's outer core
along specific belts within the crust
9
Compared to Jupiter and Saturn, Venus and Mars have greater
equatorial diameters
mean distances from the Sun
orbital velocities
periods of revolutions
10
Which of the following stars is cooler than the Sun?
Barnard's Star
Procyon B
Rigel
Spica
11
What type of air mass is at location X?
mP
mT
cT
cP
12
Using the diagram below, what is the name of Planet A?
Mercury
Jupiter
Venus
Mars
13
Below is the Sun's path for a location in Virginia. What is a possible date for the observer?
September 21
July 21
December 21
March 21
14
What type of front is to the east of the low pressure center?
cold front
warm front
stationary front
occluded front
15
Which plate boundary is a convergent boundary?
A
C
B
D
16
Rock layer A is inferred to be older than intrusion B because
layer B is located between layer A and layer C
layer A is composed of sedimentary rocks
parts of layer A were altered by intrusion B
parts of layer C were altered by intrusion B
17
A station is 2000 km away from an earthquake epicenter. How long until the S-wave arrives?
3 minutes 20 seconds
5 minutes 10 seconds
7 minutes 20 seconds
4 minutes 10 seconds
18
Wind moves from regions of...
high precipitation toward regions of low precipitation
high temp toward regions of low temp
high humidity toward regions of low humidity
high pressure toward regions of low pressure
19
The west coast of South America is best described as...
convergent plate boundary
transform plate boundary
divergent plate boundary
20
This star has a temperature of approximately 9,000ºC and luminosity 1-20 X greater than the Sun
Sirius
Barnard's Star
Rigel
Polaris
21
Wind speed of a severe storm in order to be classified as hurricane.
96 miles per hour
75 miles per hour
212 miles per hour
48 miles per hour
22
We have daytime when the part of the Earth where we live is
blocked by the moon
touching the sun
not facing the sun
facing the sun
23
The best evidence of crustal movement would be provided by...
marine fossils found on a mountaintop
ripple marks found in sandy sediment
dinosaur tracks around in the surface bedrock
weathered bedrock found at the bottom of a cliff
24
The primary cause of winds is the...
rotation of the Earth
friction between the atmosphere and the lithosphere
uniform density of the atmosphere
unequal heating of the Earth's atmosphere
25
Evidence that does not support the theory that Africa and S. America were once connected.
Correlation of fossils on opposite sides of A. Ocean
Correlation of rocks on opposite sides of A. Ocean
Correlation of living animals on opposite sides of A. Ocean
Correlation of coastlines on opposite sides of A. Ocean
26
The Milky Way galaxy is best describes as
a spiral-shaped formation composed of billions of stars
a type of solar system
a constellation visible to everyone on Earth
a region is space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
27
A balloon with instruments is released into the troposphere. As it rises, what will it indicate
decrease in both air temp and air pressure
increase in air temp and decrease in air pressure
decrease in air temp and increase in air pressure
increase in both air temp and air pressure
28
Which layer of the atmosphere experiences a decrease in temperature?
Thermosphere
Troposphere
Exosphere
Stratosphere
29
Who proposed the Theory of Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
James Hutton
Harry Hess
Albert Einstein
30
The day of the year, as units of time, are based upon motions of
the Sun
the Moon
the Earth
the stars
31
Which letter represents the age of the oldest rock?
Letter B
Letter A
Letter C
Letter D
32
Which two tectonic plates are separated by a mid-ocean ridge?
North American and Eurasian
North American and South American
Indian-Australian and Eurasian
Indian-Australian and Pacific
33
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
X rays
Gamma rays
Infrared
Radio waves
34
What can a stream flowing at a velocity of 100 centimeters per second transport?
boulders
none of the above
pebbles
cobbles
35
In which type of climate does chemical weathering usually occur most rapidly?
hot and wet
cold and dry
hot and dry
cold and wet
36
What is the max size particle that can be carried by a stream with a velocity of 250 cm/sec?
9.0 cm
6.4 cm
0.01 cm
0.0004 cm
37
How does air circulate within an anticyclone (High pressure area) over Virginia?
counterclockwise and away from the center of the anticyclone
clockwise and toward the center of the anticyclone
clockwise and away from the center of the anticyclone
counterclockwise and toward the center of the anticyclone
38
Why do clouds usually form at the leading edge of a cold air mass?
Cold air flows under warm air, causing warm air to rise/cool
Cold air contains more dust than warm air does.
Cold air flows over warm air, causing warm air to fall/cool
Cold air contains more water vapor than warm air does.
39
Which plate boundary is a transform boundary?
B
A
C
D
40
Which plate boundary is a divergent boundary?
C
D
A
B
41
What is the dew point temp when the air temp is 18ºC and the wet-bulb temp is 13ºC?
13ºC
25ºC
9ºC
6ºC
42
Compared to an inland location of the same elev. and lat., a coastal location is likely to have
cooler summers and cooler winters
cooler summers and warmer winters
warmer summers and warmer winters
warmer summers and cooler winters
43
A temp of 73ºF is approximately equal to a temperature of
17ºC
23ºC
62ºC
26ºC
44
Volcanoes are mainly located in...
the central regions of the continents
zones in late stages of erosion
the centers of landscape regions
zones of crustal activity
45
An air pressure of 29.65 inches of mercury is equal to how many millibars?
1004.0 mb
1001.0 mb
984.0 mb
999.0 mb
46
What date does the autumnal equinox occur?
December 21
September 23
none of the above
June 21
47
The swinging pendulum, as seen below, provides evidence that the Earth is
rotating
wobbling
revolving
eclipsing
48
What scale is used to classify hurricanes?
Safari-Simpson Scale
Fujita Scale
Beaufort Scale
Elizabeth Scale
49
Which rock layer is the youngest?
basalt
shale
limestone
sandstone
50
What weather variables are the following instruments used to measure?
air pressure and wind speed
wind direction and air pressure
temperature and air pressure
relative humidity and wind speed
51
What force is responsible for the movement of glaciers?
running water
gravity
ground water
wind
52
Compared to shear waves (S-waves), the speed of compressional (P-waves) is
always slower
always faster
always the same
53
How does air circulate within a cyclone (low pressure area) in the Northern Hemisphere?
clockwise and toward the center of the cyclone
clockwise and away from the center of the cyclone
counterclockwise and toward the center of the cyclone
counterclockwise and away from the center of the cyclone
54
Several "shooting stars" or meteors coming through Earth's atmosphere are known as ______.
meteorites
meteors
meteoroids
55
Index fossils have usually formed from organisms which has a
narrow geographic distribution and existed for a short time
wide geographic distribution and existed for a short time
wide geographic distribution and existed for a long time
narrow geographic distribution and existed for a long time
56
What is the pressure estimated to be at 4,500 kilometers below the surface of the Earth?
4.0 million atmospheres
2.0 million atmospheres
2.8 million atmospheres
3.1 million atmospheres
57
Background radiation detected in space is believed to be evidence that
galaxies are evenly spaced throughout the Universe
all matter in the Universe is stationary
the Universe began with a primeval explosion
the Universe is contacting
58
Which statement best explains the apparent daily motion of the stars around Polaris?
The Earth has the shape of an oblate spheroid.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
The Earth's orbit is an ellipse.
The Earth rotates on its axis.
59
According to tectonic plate maps, Virginia is presently located...
near the center of a large plate
above a mid-ocean ridge
above a mantle hot spot
at a convergent plate boundary
60
The climate on the leeward side of the mountain is...
more humid and cooler
drier and warmer
drier and cooler
more humid and warmer
61
The Coriolis Effect provides evidence that the Earth
has a magnetic field
revolves around the Sun
rotates on its axis
62
Which statement best supports the theory of continental drift?
Marine fossils often are found in deep-well drill cores
Shallow water seas tend to accumulate sediment, which sink
Present continents appear to fit together; pieces of puzzle
Rock is younger as you move away from mid-ocean ridge
63
The Sun is classified as which of the following types of stars?
Main Sequence
White Dwarf
Supergiant
Giant
64
Using the temp reading from the sling psychrometer below, calculate the relative humidity.
32%
42%
20%
36%
65
What is the temperature of rock located 1,000 kilometers below Earth's surface?
3,200ºC
2,100ºC
200ºC
2,800ºC
66
Which planet's orbital shape would be most similar to Jupiter's orbital shape?
Uranus
Mercury
Earth
Mars
67
What least affects the rate at which particles are deposited by a stream?
stream's elevation above sea level
size and shape of the particles
density of the particles
velocity of the stream
68
Which coastal area is most likely to experience a severe earthquake?
east coast of S America
west coast of Africa
central Australia
west coast of America
69
In which group are the parts listed in order from oldest to youngest?
Universe, Milky Way, Solar System
Universe, Solar System, Milky Way
Milky Way, Solar System, Universe
Solar System, Milky Way, Universe
70
The best evidence of crustal uplift would be provided by...
igneous rock deep within the Earth
trenches in the Pacific Ocean floor
marine fossils found in the Rocky Mountains
sediments in the Gulf of Mexico
71
Besides S. America, what other landmass would you likely find fossil remains of Mesosaurus?
Asia
Antarctica
N America
Africa
72
Earth rotates on its ____ at a surface speed of approximately 0.5km/sec.
equator
axis
gravity
orbit
73
Which factor is most directly related to wind velocity?
cloud type
dew point
pressure gradient
relative humidity
74
What could a huge undersea earthquake off the Alaskan coast produce?
tsunami
thunderstorm
hurricane
cyclone
75
The circulation of surface winds associated with this low-pressure system is...
clockwise and toward the center of the low
counterclockwise and toward the center of the low
clockwise and away from the center of the low
counterclockwise and away from the center of the low
76
What depths have the greatest rate of temperature increase below the Earth's surface?
2500 and 3500 km
1500 and 2500 km
250 and 500 km
3500 and 4000 km
77
How many seismic stations are needed to accurately locate an earthquake's epicenter?
two
three
one
four
78
Which statement best describes the geocentric model of our solar system?
The Sun is located at the center of the model.
The Earth is located at the center of the model.
All planets revolve around the Sun.
All planets except the Earth revolve around the Sun.
79
What is the temperature at location A?
61F
44ºF
73ºF
50ºF
80
Describe why the sun sets at night?
At nighttime, clouds on the horizon cover up the sun.
Sun stops making light for 12 hours per day; night appears.
Sun sets as your side of the Earth turns away from the sun.
Bad weather makes the sky grow dark.
81
Which rock unit is the oldest?
basalt
sandstone
shale
limestone
82
The surface of Venus is much hotter than would be expected. Which statement explains this?
The clouds of Venus are highly reflective.
Venus has many active volcanoes.
Venus has a slow rate of rotation.
The atmosphere of Venus contains a high % of carbon dioxide.
83
As the gradient of a stream increases, the stream's ability to carry sediment
remains the same
decreases
increases
84
Which part of the visible light spectrum has the longest wavelength?
Red
Orange
Green
Violet
85
The actual shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun is best described as
oblate spheroid
perfect circle
very eccentric ellipse
slightly eccentric ellipse
86
What is the name of the model of the Solar System show below?
Heavenly Model
Heliocentric Model
Ptolemaic Model
Geocentric Model
87
During which month does the minimum duration of insolation occurs in Virginia?
February
December
July
September
88
What is the approximate Celsius temperature at this location?
72
25
74
15
89
Magnetic readings taken across mid-ocean ridges provides evidence that...
the mid-ocean ridges are higher than the nearby plains
Earth's rate of rotation has changed
the ocean basins are older than the continents
the sea-floor is spreading
90
As seen from Virginia, the noon Sun is
directly overhead only on the first day of Summer
directly overhead on the first day of Spring and Fall
directly overhead every day
never directly overhead
91
If the low-pressure center follows a normal storm track, it will move toward the...
northeast
southwest
northwest
southeast
92
What type of boundary does the diagram below represent?
sliding boundary
transform boundary
divergent boundary
convergent boundary
93
A station is 4000 km from an earthquake epicenter. How long for the P-wave to arrive?
7 minutes
4 minutes 10 seconds
6 minutes 10 seconds
3 minutes 40 seconds
94
What is the approximate length of time the Moon takes to travel around once in its orbit?
15 days
1 day
365 days
30 days
95
The Moon has more surface craters than Earth does because the Moon has
a smaller diameter than Earth
a stronger gravitational force
no significant atmosphere
a surface more sensitive to impacts
96
Letters A, B, C and D represent four different marine fossils. Which is an index fossil?
Letter C
Letter A
Letter B
Letter D
97
It takes 50 sec for the P-wave to arrive at a station. How long would it take for the S-wave?
50 seconds
4 minutes
1 minute 40 seconds
6 minutes 40 seconds
98
On the diagram below, what season is beginning in the Northern Hemisphere?
Winter
Fall
Summer
Spring
99
A temperature of 80ºF would be approximately equal to how many degrees on the Celsius scale?
27ºC
34ºC
99ºC
178ºC
100
The primary cause of convection currents in Earth's mantle is believed to be caused by...
subsidence of crust
rotation of the Earth
differences in densities of earth materials
occurrence of earthquakes
101
What type of frontal boundary should be drawn in along the line labeled X?
occluded front
warm front
stationary front
cold front
102
What is the dew point temperature if the dry bulb temp is 10ºC and the wet bulb temp is 8ºC?
-13ºC
6ºC
3ºC
1ºC
103
A part of which zone of the Earth's interior is inferred to have a density of 10.0 g/cm
3
?
outer core
mantle
inner core
crust
104
The planets known as "gas giants" include Jupiter, Uranus, and
Mars
Saturn
Earth
Mercury
105
Compared to the temperature and luminosity of the star Polaris, the star Sirius is
hotter and less luminous
hotter and mor luminous
cooler and less luminous
cooler and more luminous
106
In which group are the zones of the Earth's interior correctly arranged by increasing density?
inner core, outer core, mantle, curst
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
outer core, inner core, mantle crust
crust, mantle, inner core, outer core
107
In Virginia, which day has the longest period of daylight?
June 21
September 21
March 21
December 21
108
Unless a series of sedimentary rock layers has been overturned, the bottom rock layer usually
has the finest texture
is the oldest
contains the greatest variety of minerals
contains fossils
109
Features formed at plate boundaries where continental crust converges with oceanic crust are
underwater volcanic mt. range on the ocean ridge near coast
chains of mid-ocean volcanic island perpendicular to coast
ocean trench and continental volcanic mt. ranges near coast
volcanic mountain ranges parallel to coast on continents
110
The air pressure at the center of this low is...
991 mb
997 mb
1001 mb
994 mb
111
What does the spectral line from Barnard's Star indicate?
Red shift where Barnard's Star is moving away from us
Red shift where Barnard's Star is moving towards us
Blue shift where Barnard's Star is moving towards us
Blue shift where Barnard's Star is moving away from us
112
Comets are composed of ____ left over from the formation of our solar system.
stone and iron
dirty ice
rock
nickel
113
Which process most directly results in cloud formation?
radiation
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
114
An mT air mass would most likely originate over which type of Earth surface?
cold and moist
warm and dry
cold and dry
warm and moist
115
Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by...
deposition of sediments in folded layers
a rise in sea level after deposition
crustal movement occurring after deposition
differences in sediment density during deposition
116
Which change in climate of Virginia would most likely increase chemical weathering of bedrock?
lower temperature in winter
higher air pressure in summer
greater precipitation in summer
lower humidity in the winter
117
Using the temp readings below, calculate the dew point.
27ºC
-5ºC
15ºC
3ºC
