Which publication helped standardize Modern English?

Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1755)*

Which regions saw the initial spread of English during this period?

North America, the Caribbean, and India*

The loss of inflections in English resulted in:

Greater reliance on word order*

Middle English vocabulary was characterized by:

Synonyms with subtle differences*

What led to the global spread of English varieties?

Colonization and globalization*

How did French influence English spelling?

It introduced silent letters and complex patterns*

The blending of languages during the Middle English period resulted in:

Synonyms with subtle differences in meaning*

Which type of Latin words entered Old English?

Military and religion-related words*

Why is Latin's influence significant in English?

It added many fundamental terms in law, religion, and science*

Which linguistic factor might have contributed to the Great Vowel Shift?

Social mobility and regional mixing*

What significantly influenced Early Modern English vocabulary?

The Renaissance and exploration*

What defines the variety of Modern English spoken in the United States?

The use of American spelling and vocabulary*

Which of the following is a direct effect of French influence on English grammar?

Increased reliance on prepositions*

Which pair of vowels illustrates a change during the Great Vowel Shift?

/iː/ becoming /aɪ/ as in "time"*

The rise of a national language in England was influenced by:

Printing technology and the growth of literacy*

What feature disappeared in Middle English adjectives?

Agreement with nouns in case and number*

Subordinate clauses in Old English often used:

Specific conjunctions like "þæt" (that)*

Why is the Great Vowel Shift significant?

It marked the transition to Modern English pronunciation*

Old English syntax was highly flexible because:

It used inflections to indicate grammatical roles*

Shakespeare contributed to the development of English vocabulary by:

Inventing new words and phrases*

Why is Shakespeare significant to the English language?

He expanded vocabulary and introduced over 1,700 words and phrases*

A prominent feature of Indian English is:

The use of local idioms and direct translations*

Middle English vocabulary showed diversity due to:

Borrowing from multiple languages, including French, Latin, and Norse*

What was a significant feature of English in Shakespeare’s plays?

Use of poetic devices and creative metaphors*

What has contributed most to the global spread of English varieties?

British colonization and globalization*

The Age of Exploration contributed words to English primarily from:

Indigenous languages of Africa, Asia, and the Americas*

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Questions 170

Answers

1
What writing system do most Roman-Germanic languages use?
Latin alphabet*
Cyrillic
Arabic script
Runes
2
Which is an example of a French loanword in Middle English?
Justice*
Night
Boat
King
3
Which publication helped standardize Modern English?
Caxton’s printing press
Shakespeare’s plays
Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1755)*
The King James Bible
4
Which regions saw the initial spread of English during this period?
Eastern Europe
Australia and the Arctic
North America, the Caribbean, and India*
Sub-Saharan Africa
5
What major change occurred in English morphology during this period?
Elimination of irregular verbs
Reduction of inflections*
Adoption of the Cyrillic alphabet
Expansion of Latin vocabulary
6
The loss of inflections in English resulted in:
Creation of new tense markers
Expansion of auxiliary verbs
Simplified prepositions
Greater reliance on word order*
7
Which of the following languages is NOT part of the Roman-Germanic group?
French
Russian*
Swedish
English
8
Middle English vocabulary was characterized by:
A lack of borrowed words
The loss of all Old English roots
Exclusively Germanic origins
Synonyms with subtle differences*
9
What led to the global spread of English varieties?
The Renaissance
The Norman Conquest
Colonization and globalization*
Viking invasions
10
How did French influence English spelling?
It eliminated double vowels
It introduced silent letters and complex patterns*
It simplified word endings
It standardized Old English forms
11
What happened to grammatical gender during this period?
It expanded to include more categories
It was influenced by Latin
It was borrowed from Norse
It was lost entirely*
12
During the Early Modern English period, many legal terms came from:
Greek
Latin
Old Norse
French*
13
The blending of languages during the Middle English period resulted in:
Elimination of Old English vocabulary
Synonyms with subtle differences in meaning*
Dominance of Norse grammar
Simplification of grammar
14
Which type of Latin words entered Old English?
Names of animals
Everyday vocabulary
Military and religion-related words*
Scientific terms
15
Why is Latin's influence significant in English?
It simplified English pronunciation
It replaced Germanic vocabulary entirely
It eliminated irregular spellings
It added many fundamental terms in law, religion, and science*
16
Which linguistic factor might have contributed to the Great Vowel Shift?
Social mobility and regional mixing*
Invasions by Norse tribes
The development of printing
Influence from Latin
17
Which language helped transmit Latin vocabulary to Old English?
Old Norse
Celtic
Proto-Germanic
Old French*
18
The use of word order to show grammatical relationships increased because:
Auxiliary verbs were eliminated
Articles became common
Inflections were lost*
Prepositions declined
19
Australian English is heavily influenced by:
French vocabulary
Latin phrases
Old Norse roots
Aboriginal languages*
20
What significantly influenced Early Modern English vocabulary?
The Great Vowel Shift
The Industrial Revolution
The Renaissance and exploration*
The Norman Conquest
21
What role did modal verbs play in Old English?
Were used only in poetry
Expressed mood and necessity*
Replaced weak verbs
Indicated verb tense
22
Which region of the world is primarily associated with British English?
Australia
The United Kingdom*
The United States
Canada
23
Which suffix became the standard plural marker in Middle English?
"-s"*
"-eth"
"-n"
"-en"
24
Which domain of vocabulary was most influenced by French?
Agriculture
Everyday speech
Law and government*
Scientific terms
25
What defines the variety of Modern English spoken in the United States?
The use of American spelling and vocabulary*
The use of Old English grammar
The influence of Latin
The dominance of French words
26
What term refers to English as used in former colonies?
Middle English
Regional English
Globalized English
Postcolonial English*
27
Which of the following is a direct effect of French influence on English grammar?
Introduction of gendered articles
Creation of new verb tenses
The loss of auxiliary verbs
Increased reliance on prepositions*
28
Which pair of vowels illustrates a change during the Great Vowel Shift?
/o/ becoming /e/
/ɛ/ becoming /ʌ/
/u/ becoming /æ/
/iː/ becoming /aɪ/ as in "time"*
29
Old English numerals up to what number were inflected?
10
3*
5
7
30
The rise of a national language in England was influenced by:
The Industrial Revolution
Printing technology and the growth of literacy*
Viking invasions
Latin as a scholarly language
31
What feature disappeared in Middle English adjectives?
Agreement with nouns in case and number*
Use of comparative forms
Placement before nouns
Use of suffixes
32
Subordinate clauses in Old English often used:
Prepositions to indicate subordination
No conjunctions at all
Specific conjunctions like "þæt" (that)*
Inversion of word order
33
What led to the blending of English and French vocabulary?
Roman occupation
The Great Vowel Shift
Norman Conquest of 1066*
Viking invasions
34
Weak verbs in Old English formed their past tense by:
Adding a suffix (-ed or -de)*
Using auxiliary verbs
Removing letters
Changing the vowel in the root
35
Why is the Great Vowel Shift significant?
It introduced French spelling conventions
It standardized word meanings
It marked the transition to Modern English pronunciation*
It ended dialectal differences
36
Old English syntax was highly flexible because:
It used inflections to indicate grammatical roles*
It depended on fixed word order
It lacked a standard grammar
It borrowed heavily from Latin
37
Shakespeare contributed to the development of English vocabulary by:
Simplifying syntax
Eliminating archaic words
Adopting Celtic words
Inventing new words and phrases*
38
Why is Shakespeare significant to the English language?
He simplified Old English
He expanded vocabulary and introduced over 1,700 words and phrases*
He standardized English grammar
He rejected foreign influences
39
A prominent feature of Indian English is:
The rejection of British spelling
The absence of grammatical rules
The adoption of French vocabulary
The use of local idioms and direct translations*
40
Which language is a major source of vocabulary in Caribbean English?
German
Old Norse
French
African languages*
41
Which language is an example of a Romanic language?
English
Dutch
Swedish
Italian*
42
Latin influenced Middle English primarily in which domain?
Legal and military terms
Religious and academic terms*
Agricultural vocabulary
Everyday speech
43
Middle English vocabulary showed diversity due to:
The lack of dialectical differences
Standardization during the period
The replacement of Old English roots
Borrowing from multiple languages, including French, Latin, and Norse*
44
Which is an example of an Old English adjective?
House
Mother
Lang (long)*
Sword
45
The use of "color" instead of "colour" is an example of:
Australian English spelling
Canadian English spelling
British English spelling
American English spelling*
46
What was a significant feature of English in Shakespeare’s plays?
Strict adherence to Old English grammar
Use of poetic devices and creative metaphors*
Lack of borrowed vocabulary
Rejection of Latin and Greek roots
47
What language is part of the Germanic branch?
French
German*
Spanish
Portuguese
48
What has contributed most to the global spread of English varieties?
The Norman Conquest
British colonization and globalization*
The influence of Viking languages
The rise of the Industrial Revolution
49
The Age of Exploration contributed words to English primarily from:
Norse dialects
Italian and Greek origins
Germanic tribes
Indigenous languages of Africa, Asia, and the Americas*
50
Which sound shift follows Grimm’s Law?
/f/ → /p/
/k/ → /h/*
/g/ → /z/
/t/ → /d/
51
Which word demonstrates Norse influence?
"Egg"*
"Love"
"Water"
"Horse"
52
What is a feature unique to American English?
The use of "z" in words like "realize"*
The addition of gendered nouns
The removal of silent letters
The lack of verb conjugation
53
What is a defining feature of Old English numerals?
They were identical to Modern English numerals
They borrowed heavily from Latin
They lacked plural forms
They had dual forms (e.g., "two" for pairs)*
54
What Latin influence occurred during the Renaissance?
Elimination of Anglo-Saxon words
Borrowing of scientific and philosophical terms*
Spread of Old Latin texts
Creation of Old English dictionaries
55
The plural suffix “-s” became dominant due to influence from:
Norman French*
Germanic tribes
Celtic languages
Old Norse
56
When did French influence English the most?
During the Renaissance
During the Viking invasions
After the Norman Conquest of 1066*
After the Great Vowel Shift
57
Old English prepositions often indicated:
Abstract concepts
Emotional states
Time exclusively
Direction and location*
58
What feature was common in Old English poetry but not prose?
Lack of inflections
Strict SVO structure
Use of rhyme
Frequent inversion of word order*
59
Pronouns in Middle English began to show influence from:
Germanic inflections
French vocabulary
Celtic syntax
Norse languages*
60
What was the effect of the British Empire on English during Shakespeare’s period?
English vocabulary was simplified
English began spreading globally*
It limited foreign influences
Old English words were reintroduced
61
During the Modern English period, which dialect became dominant?
West Saxon Old English
The London dialect (Chancery Standard)*
The Northern dialect
The Celtic dialect
62
How were adjectives in Old English different from Modern English?
They were always unchanging
They lacked comparative forms
They were inflected for case, gender, and number*
They had no grammatical gender
63
The Middle English period is generally dated from:
800 to 1100 CE
500 to 1000 CE
1500 to 1800 CE
1100 to 1500 CE*
64
Which of the following is an auxiliary verb in Old English?
Ridan (to ride)
Willan (to want)*
Singan (to sing)
Lufian (to love)
65
How did Shakespeare influence English word formation?
By coining new compound words and phrases*
By using only native English roots
By adopting Norse inflections
By eliminating prefixes and suffixes
66
How many tenses did Old English verbs have?
One (present only)
Four (present, past, future, conditional)
Three (present, past, future)
Two (present and past)*
67
What period saw the most influence of Latin on Old English?
Great Vowel Shift
Norman Conquest
Roman occupation of Britain*
Industrial Revolution
68
Romanic languages evolved from:
Greek
Proto-Germanic
Old English
Latin*
69
French influence on English was significant because:
It eliminated inflectional endings
It simplified sentence structure
It brought many sophisticated and technical terms*
It replaced all Germanic vocabulary
70
What was the main outcome of Grimm's Law?
Dialectal differences in English
Elimination of loanwords
Simplified grammar in English
Regular sound shifts from Indo-European to Germanic languages*
71
The Great Vowel Shift primarily influenced which type of words?
Words borrowed from French
Words with long vowels*
Words with diphthongs
Words with silent consonants
72
What are the three main varieties of Modern English?
English, French, and German
British, American, and Australian*
Old English, Middle English, and Modern English
Northern, Southern, and Eastern dialects
73
New vocabulary during the Early Modern English period often related to:
Legal terminology
Farming and agriculture
Science, art, and navigation*
Religious rituals
74
What determined the conjugation of an Old English verb?
Gender and case
Adjective agreement
Word order
Tense, person, and number*
75
What did the Great Vowel Shift not affect?
Short vowels*
Long vowels
Word order
Consonant sounds
76
Which term refers to English varieties spoken in former British colonies?
Colonial English
Global English
Standard English
Postcolonial English*
77
Prepositions in Old English:
Were identical to Modern English
Were not used
Were borrowed from Latin
Required specific cases for nouns*
78
What major source of vocabulary influenced Middle English?
Greek
Old Norse
Celtic languages
Norman French*
79
The Middle English vocabulary expanded due to:
Borrowing from Norman French and Latin*
The Great Vowel Shift
Isolation from other languages
Simplification of inflections
80
Which word illustrates the effect of the Great Vowel Shift?
"Child" (no change)
"Boat" (from "bat")
"Knight" (from "knyht")
"House" (Middle English /huːs/ to Modern English /haʊs/)*
81
The Middle English period marked the introduction of which grammatical article?
The indefinite article "a"
Articles were eliminated
No articles were introduced
The definite article "the"*
82
When did the Great Vowel Shift occur?
In the 8th century
Between the 15th and 18th centuries*
During the Norman Conquest
After the Industrial Revolution
83
The Old English verb "beon" was unique because:
It lacked a past tense
It was borrowed from Latin
It had multiple forms depending on context*
It was always irregular
84
Which is an example of a strong verb in Old English?
Singan (to sing)*
Fremman (to perform)
Lufian (to love)
Hatan (to command)
85
The use of "court" in English comes from:
Old English
Norse
French*
Latin
86
Old English relative clauses were introduced with:
"Ne" (not)
"And"
"Þe" (the)*
"Þæt" (that)
87
Words like "telescope" and "microscope" entered English from:
Old Norse
German
Greek and Latin roots*
French
88
Which major event influenced the development of Modern English?
The Norman Conquest
Viking invasions
The Industrial Revolution*
The Great Vowel Shift
89
What distinguishes Modern English varieties?
Complete grammatical changes
Elimination of borrowed words
The loss of regional accents
Pronunciation, vocabulary, and spelling differences*
90
What replaced many Old English synonyms during this period?
Celtic borrowings
Latin root words
Norse phrases
French loanwords*
91
What determined the form of an Old English adjective?
Its position in a sentence
Its meaning
The case, number, and gender of the noun it modified*
The verb it followed
92
Who formulated Grimm's Law?
Noah Webster
William Jones
Otto Jespersen
Jacob Grimm*
93
What happened to noun declensions in this period?
They became more complex
They disappeared entirely
They were simplified and largely replaced by prepositions*
They expanded to include new cases
94
Grimm’s Law primarily affected:
Consonants*
Syntax
Vowels
Grammar
95
Which domain contributed the most Latin words to English?
Law
Navigation
Farming
Religion and education*
96
French influence introduced what spelling pattern to English?
Silent initial "h"
"-ough" endings
"-en" for plural nouns
"-tion" for nouns*
97
Which feature distinguishes African American Vernacular English (AAVE)?
Its lack of regional vocabulary
Its use of Latin-derived words
Its unique grammar and vocabulary*
Its use of British spelling
98
Germanic languages are classified as:
Old and New Germanic
Dialects of Latin
East, North, and West Germanic*
Offshoots of Celtic
99
Which branch of languages does Grimm’s Law apply to?
Germanic*
Celtic
Romanic
Slavic
100
Latin influenced English during which three key periods?
Roman Britain, Christianization, and Renaissance*
Victorian Age, Industrial Revolution, and Norman Conquest
Old Norse invasions, Norman Conquest, and the Great Vowel Shift
None of the above
101
Verbs in Middle English retained which characteristic?
Prefix-based conjugation
Unique pronoun agreement
Weak/strong classification*
Complex tense structures
102
The Middle English verb system retained:
A dual case system
Strong and weak classifications*
Tenses from Latin
Gender distinctions
103
Modern English varieties continue to evolve due to:
Standardization efforts globally
Technology, media, and cultural exchange*
Adoption of strict rules
Decline in regional dialects
104
What marked direct objects in Old English sentences?
Prepositions
The nominative case
Word order
The accusative case*
105
What themes in Shakespeare’s works influenced English expressions?
Military strategy
Agriculture and farming
Religious rituals
Love, politics, and human emotions*
106
What role did conjunctions play in Old English syntax?
Connecting clauses and indicating relationships*
Changing verb conjugations
Replacing pronouns
Determining word order
107
What role did dictionaries play in Modern English?
They replaced regional dialects
They introduced new grammatical structures
They standardized spelling and definitions*
They eliminated loanwords
108
The global spread of English during this period began primarily through:
Scientific publications
Industrial innovation
Religious missions
Trade and colonization*
109
What helped expand Middle English vocabulary significantly?
Isolation of English-speaking regions
Focus on dialectal purity
Decline in French influence
Contact with other cultures through trade and conquest*
110
Shakespeare’s language is categorized as:
Old English
Contemporary English
Middle English
Early Modern English*
111
What domain did French words dominate in Middle English?
Law, government, and aristocracy*
Everyday speech
Farming and nature
Trade and commerce
112
When did the Modern English period begin?
During the Great Vowel Shift
After the Norman Conquest
In the late 15th century*
After the Renaissance
113
What was the Great Vowel Shift?
The shift to fixed word order
The replacement of Old English vocabulary
A major change in the pronunciation of long vowels in English*
The transition from Latin to English script
114
The 12-15th centuries marked the transition from:
Latin to Old English
Middle English to Modern English
Old English to Middle English*
English to Norman French
115
What is a key feature of Romanic languages?
Origin from Classical Latin*
Influence from Old Norse
Simplified grammar
Use of inflected word endings
116
Which word is an example of a Renaissance borrowing from Latin?
"Scientific"*
"Warrior"
"Sky"
"Church"
117
What does Grimm’s Law describe?
The Great Vowel Shift
Changes in Modern English vocabulary
Latin's influence on English
The evolution of Germanic consonants*
118
During the Middle English period, what happened to noun endings?
They were simplified or dropped*
They were replaced by prepositions
They were borrowed from Latin
They became more complex
119
What is a Latin-derived word in English?
Shield
Bishop*
Knight
Wife
120
How were Old English verbs classified?
Simple and complex verbs
Regular and irregular verbs
Strong and weak verbs*
Transitive and intransitive verbs
121
Why did inflections decline during this period?
Increased use of prefixes
Influence of Celtic languages
Simplified grammar and fixed word order*
Adoption of Norse morphology
122
What branch of the Indo-European language family do Roman-Germanic languages belong to?
Uralic
Indo-European*
Afro-Asiatic
Turkic
123
The word "justice" in English comes from:
French*
Old English
Norse
Latin
124
Shakespeare’s influence on English can be seen in:
Simplification of syntax
The rejection of French vocabulary
Regional dialects only
Common phrases still used today*
125
Which of these sound changes is part of Grimm’s Law?
/b/ → /d/
/p/ → /f/*
/g/ → /k/
/f/ → /p/
126
How were questions typically formed in Old English?
By adding auxiliary verbs
By changing word order*
By using inversion markers
By adding prefixes
127
What was one of the main consequences of the Great Vowel Shift?
Adoption of Norse vocabulary
A disparity between English spelling and pronunciation*
Simplification of English vowels
Elimination of short vowels
128
What is an example of a Latin suffix in English?
-ing
-ment*
-ful
-ness
129
Old English adjectives were:
Strong or weak, depending on the context*
Borrowed from French
Limited in number
Completely regular
130
Regional dialects in Modern English influenced:
Reduction in vocabulary diversity
Grammar standardization
Loss of Old English roots
Accent and pronunciation differences*
131
Early Modern English saw the replacement of Old English words with:
Celtic influences
Scandinavian loanwords
Borrowed words from Latin and French*
Simplified Germanic terms
132
Australian English has a significant influence from which language family?
Aboriginal languages*
Germanic languages
French
Latin
133
What major event influenced English morphology during the 12th century?
The Industrial Revolution
The Norman Conquest*
The Renaissance
The Great Vowel Shift
134
The distinction between British and American spelling can be seen in:
"Colour" vs. "Color"*
"Sky" vs. "Skye"
"Thru" vs. "Through"
"Centre" vs. "Sentor"
135
Which of the following is a feature of Singapore English?
The use of "lah" and "lor" as sentence particles*
A strict reliance on traditional grammar
The absence of Chinese loanwords
The use of British spelling exclusively
136
In Old English, the subject of a sentence could be omitted if
It was followed by a conjunction
It was implied by the verb's conjugation*
The sentence was a question
The object was in the dative case
137
Which case was used with prepositions in Old English?
Accusative only
Vocative
Dative*
Dual
138
Which of these is an example of a French loanword in English?
"Farm"
"Sky"
"Throne"
"Government"*
139
Which word represents Old Norse influence during the Middle English period?
Church
Sky*
Priest
Garden
140
How did local dialects contribute to Modern English?
They retained grammatical gender
They enriched the vocabulary with regional terms*
They eliminated loanwords
They simplified spelling conventions
141
Which case system declined the most during the Middle English period?
Vocative case
Dative and instrumental cases*
Genitive case
Ablative case
142
What marked the morphological difference between Old English and Middle English?
Loss of grammatical gender and simplification of endings*
Creation of new cases
Reduction in verb forms
Increase in irregular verbs
143
Which case system was retained during the 12-15th centuries?
Dative only
Vocative
Possessive (genitive)*
Dual case
144
What is a notable feature of Canadian English?
The mix of British and American spelling conventions*
Complete rejection of French vocabulary
Exclusive use of British spelling
Simplification of grammatical structure
145
Verbs in Old English agreed with their subjects in:
Tense and case
Gender only
Number and person*
Case only
146
What is the oldest written Germanic language?
Old High German
Old Norse
Gothic*
Old English
147
What is a characteristic of Old English numerals?
They lacked ordinals
They used only cardinal numbers
Ordinals were declined like adjectives*
They were borrowed from French
148
What caused the mixing of Old English and French vocabulary?
The Great Vowel Shift
The Norman Conquest*
The Industrial Revolution
The Viking invasions
149
What was the primary word order in Old English?
Subject-Object-Verb (SOV)*
Verb-Subject-Object (VSO)
Subject-Verb-Object (SVO)
Object-Subject-Verb (OSV)
150
Grimm’s Law is also referred to as:
Consonant Migration
The Great Vowel Shift
Scandinavian Law
Proto-Germanic Shift*
151
Grimm's Law explains the shift from:
Old Norse to English
Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic*
Latin to French
Middle to Modern English
152
How were negatives formed in Old English?
By using auxiliary verbs
By adding "ne" before the verb*
By adding suffixes
By changing word order
153
The invention of the printing press led to:
The elimination of regional dialects
A decline in borrowed words
Greater complexity in grammar
The standardization of English spelling and vocabulary*
154
Which variety of English is most commonly taught as a global standard?
Canadian English
Australian English
British English or American English*
Indian English
155
Many Middle English words related to government and law came from:
Old English
Norse
Latin
French*
156
Words related to science and medicine in Middle English were often borrowed from:
Latin*
French
Old Norse
Celtic languages
157
Latin influence in Middle English came primarily through:
Scandinavian languages
German
French*
Celtic languages
158
What was a major feature of Modern English vocabulary?
An increase in scientific and technical terms*
Restoration of Old English words
Loss of synonyms
A decline in foreign borrowings
159
An example of Grimm’s Law is:
Latin canis → English hound
Latin pater → English father
Latin piscis → English fish
All of the above*
160
Which Romanic language has the largest number of speakers?
Italian
French
Spanish*
Romanian
161
Which of the following is an example of a Latin loanword in Middle English?
"Sky"
"Religion"*
"Throne"
"Boat"
162
Verbs in Middle English began using which auxiliary verb to indicate tense?
"Do"
"Might"
"Shall" or "will"*
"Be"
163
Strong verbs in Old English changed their tense by:
Changing the stem vowel*
Reduplicating the word
Adding prefixes
Adding suffixes
164
Which language contributed many new words to Early Modern English during the Renaissance?
Old Norse
Latin*
Arabic
Celtic
165
Norse influence in Middle English vocabulary was mostly seen in:
Everyday words like "sky" and "they"*
Religious vocabulary
Legal phrases
Scientific terminology
166
How did the Great Vowel Shift affect long vowels?
They disappeared entirely
They were shortened
They were replaced with consonants
They were raised or diphthongized*
167
Regional dialects in English today are often preserved through:
Strict national language policies
Cultural identity and local traditions*
Technological advancements
Elimination of colloquialisms
168
Which phrase is attributed to Shakespeare?
"Break the ice"*
"By the book"
"Home is where the heart is"
"Fight fire with fire"
169
Words related to fashion in Middle English were mostly borrowed from:
Celtic
French*
Norse
Latin
170
French vocabulary often included words related to:
Farming and weather
Navigation and exploration
Law, fashion, and cuisine*
Science and technology

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