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Psychology Final
Psychology Final
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Psychology final exam study
Flashcards
95 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
The things you have in your conscious mind right now are being held in your
sensory memory
working memory
none of the above
long-term memory
2
Adaptive tests administered by computer can change the order of questions depending performance
False
True
3
Panic reactions are the most common unpleasant side effects of ___ use
LSD
marijuana
alcohol
opium
4
A strat.sample is considered nonrepresentative because it places the populationintosmall groups
True
False
5
Movies are composed of many individual frames. We must depend on short-term memory to fill gaps
True
False
6
Emotions are displayed on our faces. Research shows that certain, basic facial expressions are
a sign of emotional intelligence
the opposite emotion actually felt
innate
learned as an infant
7
Daydreams and fantasies are forms of convergent thinking
True
False
8
The best way to eliminate bias in an experiment is
a placebo experiment
a self-fulfilling prophecy
a single-blind experiment
a double-blind experiment
9
The interaction between physical and psychological health is studied by
psychoanalysts
environmental psychologists
experimental psychologists
health psychologists
10
Nervous habits, failure to eat, or aggression are common physical reactions to stress
False
True
11
A type of altered consciousness in which people become highly suggestible is called
meditation
hypnosis
biofeedback
relaxation
12
Traffic jams, arguments with neighbors, and long lines at stores are common stressors: hassles
True
False
13
People who are facing death and become detached have reached the stage of
depression
denial
acceptance
anger
14
What two abilities involve using symbols?
reading and walking
language and thought
language and depth perception
walking and talking
15
The absolute threshold for hearing a watch ticking is
20 feet away
50 feet away
10 feet away
2 feet away
16
By the age of four or five, children have a vocabulary of about
about 1000 words
250 - 500 words
50 - 100 words
several thousand words
17
All of the following statements about adolescence are true EXCEPT
the number of teen suicides has increased
belonging to a clique is important
troubled adolescents usually outgrow their problems
adolescents behave unpredictably
18
A centralized organization is more important for socially oriented groups than for task-orients
False
True
19
The skin's receptors provide the brain with 4 kinds of information about the environment
False
True
20
The EEG monitors
injuries in the brain
electrical activity in the endocrine system
the functioning of the hypothalamus
electrical activity in the brain
21
Which of the following is NOT a Gestalt principle?
illusion
proximity
similarity
continuity
22
Referring to nurses and teachers as
she,
and doctors as
he
is a form of
syntax
telegraphic speech
innate language
gender stereotyping
23
The closer people are geo., the less likely they are to interact in ways to lead to friendship
True
False
24
Erikson theorized that conflicts faced during adolescence aren't resolved, and they arise again
False
True
25
According to Erikson, a successful midlife transition for men fosters a sense of
stagnation
integrity
generativity
resolution
26
Individuals with paranoid-type schizophrenia
blame doctors for their distress
remain motionless for long periods of time
have hallucinations and/or delusions
believe that no one else exists
27
Working backwards is a problem-solving strategy used by mystery authors
True
False
28
Thomas Szasz contends that most people whom we label mentally ill
have psychosomatic problems
are schizophrenic
have a generalized anxiety disorder
are not ill at all
29
A good way to avoid poor decision making is to insist that the leader make all the choices
False
True
30
The controversy with meditation working or not focuses on effects achieved by
relaxing
exercising
hallucinating
being hypnotized
31
A test that is administered twice to the same person with very diff. results cannot be called
valid
objective
standardized
reliable
32
According to Piaget, which term is child's attempt to understand something new by fitting it in
accommodation
sensorimotor intelligence
assimilation
intuitive reasoning
33
An individual's basic character and personality remains stable over the years
True
False
34
What organization speaks out for social issues involving the welfare of senior citizens?
American Association of Retired Persons
American Association of Senior Citizens
American Seniors Association
American Retirees Society
35
We are better able to recall info at the beginning and end of a list because
the primary-recency effect
episodic memory
visual codes
chunking
36
The idea that the elderly sit around and do nothing is an example of
ageism
a problem with nursing home care
the decremental model of aging
an accurate stereotype
37
Your level of stress is influenced by your___, which involves your immediate evaluation
secondary appraisal
uplifts
hassles
primary appraisal
38
psychologist studying how to select a jury or the reliability of witnesses
forensic
human factors
sports
industrial/organizational
39
Ovaries produce which two hormones?
testosterone and norepineephrone
epinephrine and progesterone
estrogen and progesterone
estrogen and testosterone
40
Who first proposed that children are born with an innate capacity for language?
Benjamin Whorf
Noam Chomsky
B.F. Skinner
George Miller
41
Humans reach sexual maturity right before they hit a major growth spurt
True
False
42
The concept of adolescent identity categories is associated with
Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
James Marcia
Sandra Bem
43
An androgynous role is one that
reflects traditionally feminine characteristics
combines various gender stereotypes
combines traditional male and female characteristics
reflects traditionally male characteristics
44
Which category of drugs relieves anxiety?
tranquilizers
opiates
stimulants
hallucinogens
45
In vision, the ___ are responsible for changing light energy into neuronal impulses
rods and cones are
occipital lobe
pupil is
lens is
46
Which behaviors do depressed teenagers exhibit?
rebelliousness
drug and alcohol abuse
all of the above
withdrawal
47
Which of the following doesn't describe the self-actualizing individual?
spontaneous
values privacy
sense of humor
self-centered
48
Coping with stress is an attempt to gain control over part of one's life
True
False
49
Nils protects himself from stress by blocking out his feelings. This coping strategy is called
cognitive appraisal
intellectualization
biofeedback
progressive relaxation
50
The weight around which your day-to-day weight tends to fluctuate is your
homeostasis point
ideal weight
set-point
psychological-set weight
51
According to Freud, human personality includes all of the following except
id
collective unconsciousness
superego
ego
52
Gender roles
are oversimplified views of a person
vary from society to society
do not change over time
are hereditary
53
Human behavior plays a key role in such diverse areas of study as social, law, medicine & edu
True
False
54
William James believed that the activities of the mind served the function of helping humans
predict behavior
learn
survive
influence behavior
55
People who are trained to look at behavior and earned a Ph-D in psychology are
psychologists
counselors
psychiatrists
psychoanalysts
56
Which of the following does NOT result in forgetting?
decay
confabulation
interference
repression
57
A student learns that she is ranked in the 85th percentile on an exam. This means
85% of the people who took the test scored lower
85% of her answers were correct
the test is valid
85% of the people who took the test scored higher
58
Some people are persuaded by a message after some time has passed is called
sleeper effect
inoculation effect
boomerang effect
brainwashing effect
59
Which concerning psychotherapy is NOT true?
Help find alternatives to present way of behaving
The goal is to strengthen the patient's control over life
success is dependent on the skill of the dr., not patient
To change, the patient must develop understanding troubles
60
The scientific and professional society of psychologists and educators is known as
American Psychological Association
American Psychological Society
American Society of Psychologists
American Medical Association
61
HOMES, an acronym for the 5 Great Lakes is an example of
semantic memory
maintenance rehearsal
eidetic memory
a mnemonic device
62
Jumping into a pool on a hot day, water is cold to skin. Soon, the water doesn't seem cold. Ex?
sensory adaptation
sensory perception
perceptual difference
changing stimuli
63
To improve memory, you may link new info. with material that is already known in
maintenance rehearsal
confabulation
elaborative rehearsal
reconstructing
64
More Americans today tend to be ___ than 15 years ago
at their ideal weight
overweight
underweight
exercising to reduce their weight
65
The most effective approach to getting a message to an audience is
television
personal contact
newspapers
billboards
66
Filling in gaps in what our senses tell us is called
proximity
figure-ground perception
perceptual interference
perceptual constacy
67
When a child speaks in sentences, but leaves out articles, preps, po verbs, they are exhibiting
proper syntax
linguistic relativity
direct speech
telegraphic speech
68
Which is used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?
antidepressents
anti-anxiety disorder?
antipsychotic drugs
lithium carbonate
69
A person with a bipolar disorder experiences alternating periods of
a wild fantasy life and sadness
frantic action and deep despair
mild sadness and severe guilt
amnesia and despair
70
There is no one best style for leadership; different kinds of groups require different leaders
False
True
71
People who've been diagnosed with terminal illness, but refuse treatment and do not acknowledge
bargaining with fate
in withdrawal
in denial
In depression
72
Which of the following is NOT true of identical twins?
they may have similar habits
they share common behaviors
they develop from two fertilized eggs
they share the same genes
73
Which of the following events does NOT occur at approx. the same times as the others?
Adolescence
Menopause
Puberty
Menarche
74
According to Carl Rogers, every person has which 2 parts?
unconscious and self
the personal construct and collective unconscious
the person and the self
self-image and archetypes
75
Figure-ground perception applies only to the sense of sight
True
False
76
Which researchers believed that crisis is involved in adolescent identity development?
Erik Erikson & Albert Bandura
A.C. Peterson & James Marcia
A.C. Peterson & Margaret Mead
Erik Erikson & James Marcia
77
When a teacher gives a test to class to measure how much they have learned, she is giving
aptitude test
interest inventory
intelligence test
achievement test
78
___ may be combined with past experiences to yield a perception
sensations
stimuli
environmental changes
receptors
79
One's IQ is affected by the number of years a person spends in school
False
True
80
Which describes your ability to identify the name of your 1st grade teacher in the news?
selective attention
recognition
recall
confabulation
81
Research has shown that when organisms can control stress levels, they can have fewer reactions
True
False
82
The hypothesis that is the failure to obtain something leads to aggression is the
social trap hypothesis
catharsis hypothesis
cognitive hypothesis
frustration-agression hypothesis
83
Which of the following is NOT true of children of teenage mothers
they are more likely to serve time in prison
they are more likely to practice abstinence
they are more likely to become teenage parents
they are more likely to do poorly in school
84
A test that is designed to predict how good at and happy a student may be in a career is called
intelligence test
interest inventory
achievement test
aptitude test
85
One of the principal developmental tasks for adolescents is
breaking away from their peers
learning to depend on others for help
becoming independent of their families
getting a job to earn their own money
86
The three memory processes are
storage, encoding, & recognition
rehearsal, storage, & reconstruction
encoding, storage, and retrieval
chunking, retrieval, & storage
87
A phobia is characterized
constant unhappiness
feeling euphoric for no reason
fear of a particular object or situation
limited attention span
88
The psychologist ___ believed dreams had hidden meanings
Francis Clark
Nathaniel Kleitman
Jacob Lawrence
Sigmund Freud
89
The nervous system and the endocrine system
protect the spinal chord
release hormones into the bloodstream
send information to and from the blood stream
amplify voltages produced by neurons
90
Psychologists call the internally programmed growth of a child
assimilation
development
maturation
socialization
91
When discussing what they do not like about themselves, most adolescents mention their
mental abilities
financial stability
physical appearance
athletic abilities
92
Psychologist George Miller discovered that short-term memory is limited to about
10 words
14 numbers
seven items
one hour
93
Alberto wants to pass on his wisdom to young people. Erikson would say Alberto is exhibiting
stagnation
generativity
ego integrity
despair
94
Attitudes most resistant to change are those that are
formed through generalization
formed as a result of compliance
formed through brainwashing
internalized
95
One of the areas with the most significant differences between males and females is
the number of friends they have
math ability
aggression
verbal ability