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Psychology Chapter 10 Flashcards | StudBud
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Psychology Chapter 10
Psychology Chapter 10
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1
Only about 3 to 4 percent of all challenged individuals are classified as having ____.
severe challenges
mild challenges
moderate challenges
profound challenges
2
8-year-old Achmed can answer all the questions up to those designed for 10-year-olds. Achmed has a/an ___ of 10.
chronological age
intelligence quotient
mental age
intellectual age
3
Pregnancies conceived late in the life of the mother run an increased risk of producing a child who has ____.
greater vulnerability to rubella
cultural-familial challenges
Down Syndrome
PKU
4
According to recent research, about 75 percent of challenges may be described as ____.
the result of genetic defects
associated with cultural-familial deprivation
caused by unknown factors
due to prenatal maternal chemical abuse
5
A comprehensive examination at the end of this course is an example of a/an ____.
differential test
achievement test
aptitude test
intelligence test
6
According to Sternberg, those who excel in academic performance & score well on IQ tests have _
contextual intelligence
componential intelligence
fluid intelligence
experiential intelligence
7
Research suggesting that there is some truth to intelligent people being “quick-witted” found that ____.
more intelligent people can more quickly memorize long lists of material
more intelligent people are physically quicker
more intelligent people are faster in cognitive processing
more intelligent people have better senses of humor
8
Cyril Burt’s data on intelligence among twins are not trustworthy; the MN Study of Twins Reared Apart found correlations
data can't be compared because Burt studied twins raised together
dramatically different from Burt but in the same direction
very similar to Burt’s results
were in the opposite direction of Burt’s results
9
Teri's work is on par with peers but has learned to present herself positively. Which intelligence is she high in?
componential
contextual
experiential
intrapersonal
10
Bill Gates - above average student but computer genius. Sternberg would describe Gates as possessing high levels of ____
experiential intelligence
componential intelligence
crystallized intelligence
contextual intelligence
11
According to supporters of Project Head Start, African-American children tend to score lower than whites on IQ tests b/c
there are genetic differences between various ethnic groups
poor parenting hinders intellectual development among African-Americans
slavery had long-lasting effects on intellectual ability
African-American children are more likely to come from poor backgrounds
12
According to Robert Sternberg, there are three kinds of intelligence: ____.
componential, experiential, and contextual
enough business talent to become wealthy and powerful
the willingness to pursue power, wealth, and adventure
a strong record of personal, academic, and vocational achievements
13
The study of cognitive and behavioral variation among individuals is called ____.
cultural psychology
developmental psychology
cognitive psychology
differential psychology
14
If someone scores the same on an IQ test at several different ages, that test is_?
valid
reliable
standardized
predictive
15
To make the most accurate prediction of first-year college grade point average, college administrators should use ___
SAT scores
both high school GPAs and SAT scores
high school grade point averages
scores on the first semester’s final exams
16
The most
common
deficit exhibited in those with mental challenges is difficulty in ____.
performing repetitive tasks
interpersonal relationships
the use of language
everyday functioning
17
The greatest number of the mentally challenged ____.
care for themselves, hold jobs, & have social relationships
can take care of themselves, no job or relationships
will remain in institutions for their entire lives
are unable to speak
18
One who has below-average intelligence but who can do complex math problems mentally would be diagnosed as ___.
being schizophrenic
an anthropometric genius
profoundly challenged
an autistic savant
19
One of the major criticisms of Goddard’s work at Ellis Island was Goddard ____.
discounted the environmental conditions of the immigrants
didn't report the mentally handicapped
didn't translate the test into native languages
did not use a standard intelligence test
20
The GRE measures verbal, quantitative, and analytical skills. For the most part, the GRE is a/an ___ test.
personality
aptitude
intelligence
achievement
21
Definition: The general capacity for purposeful action, rational thought, and effective dealings with the environment
aptitude
giftedness
intelligence
heritability
22
The results of fraternal and identical twin studies supports to the idea that intelligence level is more influenced by _
genetic endowment
parenting styles
formal education
environmental factors
23
If a test measures what it is supposed to measure, then it is high in ____.
standardization
normality
validity
reliability
24
Bobby McFerrin is a well-known composer. Gardner would probable describe him as high in ___.
musical, linguistic, and interpersonal intelligences
both fluid and crystallized intelligences
componential, experiential, and contextual intelligences
verbal and performance IQ
25
Brain scanning techniques have shown that mentally challenged people often have damage to ____.
parietal and temporal lobes
pons and thalamus
medulla and reticular formation
cerebellum and hippocampus
26
A good intelligence test is really a test of ____.
interpersonal flexibility
cultural and social information
overall mental ability and potential
achievement and knowledge
27
An Olympic triathlon medal winner is likely to be high in which of Gardner’s intelligences?
spatial and bodily-kinesthetic intelligences
linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences
interpersonal and bodily-kinesthetic intelligences
intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences
28
An extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes leads to ____.
Down syndrome
giftedness
don't pick this one
PKU
29
How has the education of those with mental challenges changed since the 1970s?
Many new institutions house and train the challenged
Most kids with challenges are included in gen ed classrooms
Medicine can fix the brain so all kids can receive the same education
New operant techniques are used, raising IQ by 20 points
30
Lonnie completes a Wechsler scale and his overall score is 90. What may we conclude?
His IQ is in the gifted range.
He is mentally retarded.
He is silly
His IQ is in the normal range.
31
____ is strongly related to fluid intelligence.
Real life experiences
Environment
Short-term memory
Academic preparation
32
William Stern developed the idea of the ____ by forming a ratio between mental age and chronological age.
deviation IQ
levels of mental challenges
aptitude score
intelligence quotient
33
Sebastian is 8, he can answer all of the questions up to those designed for 6 year olds. He would be considered ___.
mentally challenged
a slow learner
to have inferior physical abilities
about average in intelligence
34
African-American children tend to score lower than whites on IQ tests because _.
poor parenting hinders intellectual development
there are genetic differences between various ethnic groups
more likely to come from socioeconomically deprived homes
adaptation to slavery and then segregation didn't happen
35
According to Horn and Cattell, the skills and knowledge you acquire in college will add to your ____.
g-factor
crystallized intelligence
fluid intelligence
primary mental abilities
36
The first scientific approach to evaluating mental abilities is credited to ____.
Francis Galton
Lewis Terman
David Wechsler
Alfred Binet
37
The results of the longitudinal Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth indicated a ____ among the participants.
high level of personal problems in adulthood
greater than average rate of physical illness
high level of achievement and career satisfaction
very high burnout rate
38
Wechsler’s concept of a deviation IQ compares a person’s intelligence test score with the ____.
average scores of children and adolescents
median scores of those with very low verbal ability
mean score of his or her age peers
midpoint between the scores of the challenged and the gifted
39
A test that shows an average of a 105 IQ even after being taken several years apart can be described as ___.
standardized
reliable
predictive
valid
40
The practice of encouraging reproduction by “superior” individuals and preventing reproduction by “inferior” individuals
heritability
mainstreaming
eugenics
differential reproduction