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Chemical Interactions, ch. 1: Atoms and Bonding" Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemical Interactions, ch. 1: Atoms and Bonding"
Chemical Interactions, ch. 1: Atoms and Bonding"
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Chem Interactions, ch. 1
Flashcards
44 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is temperature
measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
the total energy an object has due to the internal motions of its particles
The sum of the potential and kinetic energy of the particles
2
The attraction btwn a positive ion and a negative ion results in a COVALENT bond
true
false
3
A NONPOLAR bond is formed when 2 atoms share electrons unequally
false
true
4
When electrons are TRANSFERRED btwn 2 atoms, a covalent bond is formed.
false
true
5
Each family in periodic table has own characteristic properties based on number of
ions
valence electrons
neutrons
protons
6
Ions that are made of more than one atom are examples of
neutral ions
polyatomic ions
negative ions
positive ions
7
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(n)
crystal bond
covalent bond
polyatomic bond
ionic bond
8
When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a
neutral atom
neutral ion
negative ion
positive ion
9
What is a double bond?
one pair of electrons shared btwn two atoms
two pairs of electrons shared btwn two atoms
two pairs of electrons shared btwn four atoms
a bond btwn two atoms
10
Water is polar and oil is nonpolar. What happens when both are poured in same container?
the liquids mix well
a gas is produced
Both liquids become nonpolar
the liquids do not mix well
11
What is the chemical name for the compound with the formula Na2S
sodium sulfide
magnesium sulfide
sodium fluoride
lithium oxide
12
A row across the periodic table is called a
family
period
group
section
13
Magnesium bromide is ionic compound MgBr2. What does the 2 tell you?
Bromide has a 2+ charge
There are two bromide ions for every magnesium ion
Bromide has a 2- charge
There are 2 magnesium ions to every bromide ion
14
Which statement is NOT a part of John Dalton's Atomic Theory?
All compounds: made of different elements & specific ratios
All elements are composed of atoms that can't be divided
All atoms of same element are exactly alike & have same mass
Electrons move in specific orbits around nucleus of atoms
15
Molecules that contain two polar bonds are
always polar
always nonpolar
sometimes polar
ionic
16
The series of electron orbits in THOMPSON'S model resemble planets orbiting the sun
false
true
17
The smallest particle of an element is called a(n)
molecule
atom
compound
mixture
18
What is the dependent variable?
X axis; is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment
Y axis; what you measure in the experiment
19
Thermal energy is
Average kinetic energy an object has
Total kinetic energy an object has
20
Molecular compounds do not conduct electricity b/c they
have high melting points
do not dissolve in water
do not break up into ions
break up into ions
21
The atomic number is the number of
electrons in the nucleus of at atom
neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
valence electrons in an atoms
protons in the nucleus of an atom
22
Families in periodic table have own properties based on number of VALENCE ELECTRONS
true
false
23
An ionic bond is the attraction btwn
neutral ions
neutral atoms
similarly charged ions
oppositely charged ions
24
In what form can an ionic compound conduct electricity?
as a solid
when warmed slightly
as a crystal
when dissolved in water
25
If atoms of a halogen nonmental (group 17) gain 1 electron, the atoms then have
8 valence electrons
no valence electrons
17 valence electrons
7 valence electrons
26
Which of the following is a characteristic property of ionic compounds?
They form hard, brittle crystals with characteristic shapes
They contain no charged particles
They have low boiling points
They have low melting points
27
The valence electrons are those electrons most TIGHTLY held by the atom
true
false
28
Low melting points & lack of electrical conductivity are properties of MOLECULAR compounds
true
false
29
Orderly crystal shapes and high melting points = properties of IONIC compounds.
true
false
30
Ionic compounds are electrically
neutral
charged
negative
positive
31
What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have?
3
12
8
2
32
The ATOMIC NUMBER is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
false
true
33
Which is a property shared by most molecular compounds?
nonpolar bonds
low melting point
high melting point
high boiling point
34
In the chemical formula for an ionic compound, which item is written first?
positive ion
charge
subscript
negative ion
35
When an atom gains an electron it becomes a POSITIVE ion.
false
true
36
Electrons involved in bonding btwn atoms are
positively charged
inside the nucleus
valence electrons
closest to the nucleus
37
What means metals can be rolled into thing sheets or beaten into complex shapes?
malleable
ductile
alloy
polar
38
Which of the following best describes a metal crystal?
neutral metal atoms surrounded by free moving valence elect.
metal atoms held together by covalent bonds
+ metal ions surrounded by freely moving valence electrons
metal atoms held together by ionic bonds
39
Which of the following means that metals can be pulled into thin strands or wires?
ductile
alloy
polar
malleable
40
Which particles in an atom are in the nucleus?
electrons and neutrons
protons and ions
protons and electrons
protons and neutrons
41
What is an independent variable
what you measure in the experiment; Y axis
is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment; X axis
42
The simplest pure substances that cannot be broken down into any other substances
mixtures
compounds
elements
matter
43
A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally is
ionic
polar
polyatomic
a double bond
44
Rutherford's gold foil experiment: some particles were deflected strongly. He inferred...
atoms made of - charges scattered through ball of + charges
atoms positive charge is clustered in nucleus
electrons have almost no mass
electrons move in specific orbits around nucleus