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World Studies ch 9 Flashcards | StudBud
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World Studies ch 9
World Studies ch 9
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Study tool for Chapter 9 in World Studies
Flashcards
87 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
87
Answers
1
In which of the following areas did Roger Bacon make contributions?
optics
geography
astronomy
physics
2
Before the Enlightenment, people thought...
there were no rules for right and wrong
anyone could rise out of their current status or situation
God had given rulers and overseers in the state and church
God was not actively involved in man's activities
3
Who is known as the Father of Modern Chemistry?
Gregory Antony
William Harvey
Antoine Lavoisier
Robert Boyle
4
Who was James II?
Brother of Charles II who became king after Charles' death
Brother of Charles II who killed him to take the monarchy
Son of Charles II who killed him to take the monarchy
Son of Charles II who became king after Charles' death
5
Catherine the Great was known for all of the following, except:
Using capital punishment to kill her opponents
Increasing the power of the Russian monarchy
Increasing Russian territory
Making Russia a strong power in Europe
6
During the Age of Reason, men learned about the world around them by
trading information with neighboring societies
sitting and observing nature
studying the bible
studying the world, thinking clearly and logically
7
What is a way to protect against disease by giving a weakened form of a similar disease?
blood tests
leeches
antibiotics
vaccine
8
Maria Theresa is from...
Austria
Germany
Portugal
Spain
9
Who used the newly invented telescope in his observations to support Copernicus's ideas?
Sir Isaac Newton
Galileo Galilei
Sir William Herschel
Edmond Halley
10
What nation built a vast economic empire without a centralized monarchy?
Dutch Republic
France
Great Britain
Spain
11
How did the cabinet system benefit the English people?
They no longer had to pay taxes
It gave them more money for their hard work
Parliament had ↑ power that caused more contact with people
They could choose what religion they wanted to practice
12
What is one of the negative things that came out of the Age of Reason?
Book were written in Latin so little information was shared
People began having large families which strained resources
Emphasis on man's ability often turned people away from God
People spent too much time studying which decreased commerce
13
Rene Descartes considered classics and philosophy from the Renaissance to be...
denying people of their freedom to think for themselves
weak like structures built on sand
elightening and a springboard for discussions
tried and true masterpieces
14
Who became king of England after the death of Oliver Cromwell?
Charles II
George II
Louis V
Edward I
15
Who led Parliament's forces in English Civil War?
Edmond Halley
William Harvey
Sir William Herschel
Oliver Cromwell
16
What is Boyle's Law?
the volume of a gas varies with the pressure exerted on it
2 objects dropped from different heights fall at same rate
An object put in motion stays in motion
17
What were two negatives of the scientific method?
People wanted to be paid for their findings
It took a long time to publish results
Seeds of doubt were planted about the truth of God's word
People trusted human reason/observation more than the Bible
18
What was one of the negatives of the Elightenment?
People stopped focusing on the arts
It undermined central role of Christianity in Europe
People began to question the accuracy of science
It pushed people to expect higher wages for their work
19
What is the name of a comet that returns to our solar system every 76 years?
Newton's comet
Halley's comet
Herschel's comet
Ergo's comet
20
Who did work on human anatomy by dissecting human bodies?
Andreas Vesalius
Sir William Herschel
Antoine Lavoisier
Edward Jenner
21
Who followed/believed in the principles of rationalism?
Spinoza
Boyle
Descartes
John Locke
22
Found the circulatory system (blood pumped by heart, travels through body & returns to heart)
Hippocrates
William Harvey
Edward Jenner
Paracelsus
23
Who won the English Civil War?
Charles I
Parliament
24
Who was the most successful absolute monarch of the 17th and 18th centuries?
Catherine the Great
King Louis XIV
Charles I
Maria Theresa
25
Who wrote a book The Sceptical Chymist that laid the foundation for modern chemistry?
Sir Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein
Robert Boyle
Antoine Lavoisier
26
Who had an important role in introducing Muslim scientific documents to medieval universities?
Copernicus
Pythagorus
Albert the Great
Socrates
27
What happened to the kingdoms who had absolute monarchies?
They were taken over by other stronger kingdoms
The people rebelled and demanded a democracy
They grew in the short term, but declined in power over time
They continued to be prosperous for the next 500 years
28
What caused the English Civil War?
Taxes of the common people
Disagreement between the king and Parliament over power
The king imposed Christianity on his citizens
Unfair labor practices
29
Hippocrates rejected the idea that...
only the strong could survive
medicine was effective to treat disease
people were needed to get sick to improve ttheir immunity
disease was a supernatural punishment from the Gods
30
Catherine the Great reigned in...
Poland
Russia
Austria
Germany
31
Who helped to limit royal power of the English monarchy?
Scholars
Parliament
Priests
Merchants
32
This man argued in favor of empiricism.
Albert Einstein
John Locke
King Arthur
Spinoza
33
True/false:Tubalcain shows mans ability from God to use parts of Creation and move it to ideal
False
True
34
What are the laws of gravity and motion?
An oject placed in motion stays in motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
What goes up, must come down
idea that gravity keeps the planets in their orbits
35
In Genesis chapter 4, what did Tubalcain do?
he killed his brother
He ventured out into the wilderness at God's calling
he worked with brass and iron
He recognized he was made in the image of God
36
The Glorious Revolution in 1688 occurred when
William and Mary led a revolt of the people against the king
People rebelled against the monarchy
James II was assasinated
James II fled England upon arrival of William&Mary (no war)
37
What two reasons were part of the controversy with the idea the earth revolves around the sun?
Then perhaps man is not important in this world
The sun looked too small to have a large role in universe
People didn't want to think of themselves as moving in space
The Bible says the sun appears to move thru the heavens
38
Who discovered the concepts for the laws of gravity and motion?
Albert Schweitzer
Edmond Halley
Albert Einstein
Sir Isaac Newton
39
What is a cabinet form of government?
Committee headed by a Prime Minister
a monarchy
Citizens giving recommendations to the king
Ruling by force with armies at hand
40
Who found a vaccine for smallpox?
Dr. Sears
Antoine Lavoisier
Edward Jenner
Robert Boyle
41
In exchange for being given the throne, William and Mary were forced by Parliament to:
pledge allegiance to Parliament
Convert to the Roman Catholic Church
Sign the English Bill of Rights
Give more money to the poor
42
Which three were mathematical improvements that occurred during the Renaissance?
more common us of Arabic numerals
use of the decimal point
use of mathematical notation
development of the abacus for computations
43
A disease which killed or terribly scarred many people.
strep
smallpox
mononucleosis
influenza
44
The interest in business and science encouraged improvements in _________________
trade
industry
mathematics
farming
45
The Enlightenment refers to...
a resurgence in Biblical education
new ideas from human reason and observation to know truth
a time when people focused on art, music, and religion
the idea that the truth is out there
46
How did Europeans have access to Greek and Roman scientific discoveries?
the Bible
from scholars
from priests
from Muslim documents
47
Who presented his view that the earth revolved around the sun?
Eratosthenes
Copernicus
Albert the Great
Hippocrates
48
Who stated that the body is mostly chemicals and should be treated with chemicals?
William Harvey
Paracelsus
Andreas Vesalius
Edward Jenner
49
What was an absolute monarch?
A monarch that got input from Parliament in making decisions
A monarch that made all decisions for their people
A king or queen who established their monarchy by force
A monarch that continued to take over other empires
50
Empiricism is the idea that...
People are called to live according to their own morals
Inner peace is achieved by becoming one with nature
true knowledge is through experience not human reason
all truth can be found in the bible
51
Who was the Father of Geometry
Pi
Euclid
Pythagorus
Hypotenuse
52
Mark all the contributions did the Dutch merchants have in establishing world trade?
They introduced the idea of loans into trade & business
They established a stock market to raise funds for trade
Dutch Navy ended trade monopoly of Portugal with India&China
Developed a banking system to manage wealth and business
53
What was the approach/view of truth in the previous thousand years?
Reason was dictated by teachings of the Roman Church
Scholars provided truth and they were held in high esteem
Reformation churches Scripture supreme in determining truth
The scientific method was the gold standard
54
Maria Theresa turned Vienna into...
a place known for accepting people from all backgrounds
center for well respected scholars
an important center of the arts, especially music
a bustling business center
55
Christian support for religious toleration & representative forms of government 1st formed...
in the North American colonies
England
Central America
France
56
What type of government was founded by Oliver Cromwell after the English Civil War
Monarchy
Democracy
Protectorate
Dictatorship
57
Descartes decided that only ____________ led to certainty.
alchemy
astrology
the Bible
mathematics
58
Maria Theresa tightened her hold on the government & improved conditions for peasants to:
reduce the difference amongst the poor, middle & upper class
maintain absolute power
become popular amongst the common people
to be remembered as the best Empress in history
59
What is the scientific method?
Way to meaure elements
Method to form hypotheses
Steps used to answer questions about the physical world
Procedure of getting facts published in a book
60
Why did European countries rush to get unclaimed lands?
To get greater wealth and prestige for the mother country
For adventure
To spread the Christian faith
To make scientific advancements in the Earth science field
61
True or false: the people were nervous about James II because he supported the Roman Church
True
False
62
Benedict de Spinoza applied Descartes' approach to...
the scientific method
mathematics
literature
the Bible
63
This Greek physician was the Father of Medicine?
Plato
Hippocrates
Hippocampus
Socrates
64
What halted medieval scientific advances?
There was more focus on trade than science
Arrival of the Black Death
The Hundred Years War
Resurgence in Biblical fervor
65
Which was NOT part of the English Bill of Rights?
Prevented fture rulers from being Roman Catholics
Established checks and balances for Parliament
Limited royal power
Provided the English people with civil rights
66
What was the result of an absolute monarch?
People moved out of the cities and into the country
There was less freedom and economic opportunity for people
Attempted ssassinations of the monarchy increased
Citizens established neighborhood patrols
67
What is rationalism?
the answsers to big questions can be found in books
belief that God is the answer for everything
belief thst the path to truth is through human reason
idea that people can be successful through hard work
68
Which Greek astronomer and geographer determined the circumference of the earth?
Albert the Great
Plato
Euclid
Eratosthenes
69
Hippocrates rejected _________, and prescribed _________________
superstitious cures and magic
herbs
rest and a healthy diet
prayer
70
How did the English Bill of Rights influence the American colonies?
They saw the power Parliament had over the king
They modeled the Declaration of Independence after it
They saw limits on the king's power & he could be resisted
It gave people their freedom from the king's rule
71
What is secularism?
society that teaches religion, but allows people to choose
society free from religion
society that places high priority on religion
society that isolates itslf from outside influences
72
This man built and sold telescopes, and discovered the planet Uranus.
Edwared Jenner
Edmond Halley
Sir William Herschel
Paracelsus
73
Who established a cabinet system of government in England?
William & Mary
George II
Louis V
Parliament
74
Why did absolute monarchies eventually fail?
There was great financial and social costs
There was not enough industry to support their monarchies
Sickness swept through these countries & killed its citizens
The citizens fled the rule of absolute monarchies
75
What were two positives of the scientific method?
Myths and legends were disproved
Colleges and universities prospered
People developed a greater appreciation for God's handiwork
People began publishing their work and libraries were born
76
What two accomplishments did Edmond Halley have?
He wrote a book about constellations
developed a theory about the orbit of comets
convinced people the stars and comets were worth studying
recorded the position and motion of hundreds of stars
77
Which of these were commonly traded and increased European wealth?
tobacco
furs & fish
All of the above
precious metals
78
After the Enlightenment, people thought that...
the Bible reigned supreme
if all had same reasoning, why should few make all decisions
war & rebellion would help reduce disparity of social class
har d work would help people improve their status
79
How did Parliament respond to threats of arrest by Charles I?
They stripped Charles I of the monarchy & gave it to his son
They put Charles I under house arrest
They hired soldiers to prepare for battle.
The fled to the countryside
80
Which of the following were Lavoisier's contributions?
named oxygen and hydrogen
formulated the law of conservation of matter
worked to develop the metric system
assembled the first known list of elements
81
The 17th and 18th centuries in Europe are often referred to as the...
Age of Reason
Age of Wisdom
Age of Elightenment
Dark Ages
82
Spinoza argued tirelessly for...
a strong military
experience rather than human reason
the Bible
the toleration of all ideas
83
Some European nations grew in power through economic and representative means. The result was:
Many wars developed between European countries
People began to form riots in the city streets
Citizens became poor and had trouble supporting families
Citizens had greater freedom to build wealth and prosper
84
Which of the following reasons were Christians suspicious of secularism?
Government without religious influence would be unjust/evil
They didn't believe it was a viable option for government
secular philosophers rejecred principle of salvation thru JC
Those who wanted freedom rejected biblical basis of morality
85
The Elightenment contributed to a ____________ amongst people.
desire for more religious education
desire for fewer taxes
democratic urge
socialist fervor
86
This English king continued to fight with Parliament against efforts to deny him absolute power
Louis V
James I
Charles I
Charles II
87
Spinoza thought the Bible was
the word of God
contrary to reason
a wonderful literary work, but without much advice on life
a guide for how people should live their lives
