What is the purpose of a cell constantly producing ATP

To provide the cell with energy

protein that can be facilitated

Membranous sacs that transport cellular components

Definition of Osmosis

movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane into a solute

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Biol 1010 Midterm Review

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Answers

1
what is the powerhouse of the cell
ribosomes
ATP
nucleus
mitchondria
2
What is an organism capable of producing its own food called?
Heterotroph
Herbivore
Carnivore
Autotroph
3
Why are lipids considered hydrophobic (water-fearing)?
they are nonpolar molecules
they are soluble in water
they have a high number of hydrogen bonds
they are made up of proteins
4
What type of cells typically divide via binary fission?
Animal cells
Prokaryotic cells
Plant cells
Fungal cells
5
What is the "powerhouse" of the cell?
Golgi Appartus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vesicles
6
Which of the following best describes a substance that can dissolve in water?
hydrophobic
polar
hydrogen-free
nonpolar
7
Which organelle refines, packages, and transports proteins?
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Golgi Apparatus
Ribosome
8
What is the purpose of a cell constantly producing ATP
To provide the cell with energy
Harvests energy
It does not provide energy
Breaks down energy
9
Which type of bond is formed when sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains it?
covalent bond
Van der Waals bond
hydrogen bonds
ionic bond
10
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and copy its DNA?
Mitosis
Interphase (S phase)
Telophase
Interphase (G2 Phase)
11
Ribosomes can be found where?
Smooth ER
DNA
Rough ER
cytoplasm
12
thermodynamic-science of the relationship between energy and work
True
False
13
What type of cells are also referred to as "body" cells?
Somatic Cells
Autosomes
Germ Cells
Gametes
14
What is the specific pattern of absorption for a substance that absorbs electromagnetic radiation called?
photosystem
light-dependent reaction
wavelength
absorption spectrum
15
What do cytologists use to view an individual's chromosomes?
Karyogram
Karyotype
Chromosome Inversion
Alternation of Generations
16
Osmosis is the movement of what substance across a semi-permeable membrane?
Water
Vesicles
Proteins
Fats
17
atp-the primary energy currency of all cells
True
False
18
What is the smallest component of an element that retains all of the chemical properties of that element?
proton
molecule
electron
atom
19
Gene variations that exist in the same relative locations on homologous chromosomes
Alleles
Genes
Traits
20
Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Cell membrane
21
what is the most common type of catalyst?
Minerals
Hormones
Vitamins
Enzymes
22
what is the study of life?
psychology
theory
natural science
biology
23
definition of enzyme
two glucose molecules to form a disaccharide
cytoplasm
nonprotein works with enzymes
protein that can be facilitated
24
Which of the following particle has a positive charge?
neutron
electron
atom
proton
25
how many chromosomes do humans have
17 pairs
38 pairs
18 pairs
23 pairs
26
Plants can photosynthesize in complete darkness
False
True
27
Photos taken with a microscope are called?
Micropictures
Photos
Selfies
Micrographs
28
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
mitochondria
chloroplast
nucleus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
29
Mendel’s Law of dominance states that one trait will conceal the presence of another for the same characteristics
False
True
30
there are 4 stages are in mitosis
False
True
31
Urine is more acidic then lemon juice..
True
False
32
What is the opening that regulates gas exchange and water regulation between leaves and the environment called?
stroma
thykaloid
granum
stoma
33
Interaction between genes is antagonistic, one gene masks or interferes with the expression of another
Linkage
Epistasis
Sex linked traits
Codominance
34
When fertilization occurs between two true-breeding parents that differ by only the characteristic being studied
Dihybrid
Hybrid
Monohybrid
35
Does the "Di" in Disaccharides mean two?
True
False
36
Genetic makeup
Trait
Phenotype
Genotype
Allele
37
What are vesicles?
Producer of some lipids
Tiny sturctures composed of protein
Membranous sacs that transport cellular components
38
Genetics is the study of
Heredity
Genes
Variation
39
Definition of Osmosis
endoctyosis
prokaryote
measurement of solute particles on either side of a semi permeable membrane
movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane into a solute
40
What is endocytosis and exocytosis together?
Filtration
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Transcytosis
41
How many pairs of autosomes does a human body cell contain?
20
46
22
21
42
Which of the following is a class of Biological Macromolecules?
Glucose
Proteins
Oxygen
43
The cell membrane is
Is the nucleus
Cytoplasm
The inner limit of the cell
The outer limit of the cell
44
Cytology is the study of what?
RNA
animals
plants
cells
45
What type of reproduction needs gametes from two individuals?
Cloning
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Binary fission
46
An individual who has a generally abnormal amount of chromosomes is referred to as? This could be too many or too few.
monosomy
Polyploid
Euploid
Aneuploid
47
What is the process by which eukaryotic body cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
Meiosis
Binary Fission
Fertilization
48
What causes cancer cells to grow uncontrollably
Normal cell regulation
Cell shrinking
Damage to DNA
Lack of oxygen
49
A variation in the physical appearance of a heritable characteristic
Trait
Gene
Chromosome
Allele
50
Physical appearance/observable traits
Trait
Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
51
what are sex cells called
gametes
sperm
eggs
ovaries
52
Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy in a living organism?
A stretched rubber band
Water behind a dam
A muscle contracting to move a limb
A plant's stored starch
53
Meiosis I is also referred to as?
Reduction Division
Crossing Over
Interkinesis
Translocation
54
What is the first step of the Calvin Cycle?
reduction
fixation
finalization
regeneration
55
What is a genome?
A type of cell
All the DNA in an organism
A type of protein
A type of virus
56
What is the process called when water molecules leave the surface of a liquid and become vapor?
Evaporation
Condensation
Freezing
Sublimation
57
What is the term used for a form of nuclear division that produces four haploid cells?
endometriosis
Mitosis
cytoplasmic division
Meiosis
58
How many stages is the Calvin Cycle and what are the stages?
3, fixation, reduction, and regeneration
2, fixation and reduction
2, reduction and regeneration
4, fixation, reduction, regeneration and finalization
59
What is the basic unit of life?
Atom
Cell
Organ
DNA
60
Which one is homozygous recessive?
yy
YY
Yy
61
What is everything that is inside the cell but outside of the nucleus called?
Organelle
Cell
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
62
What is a distinct packet of light energy called?
atom
macromolecule
photon
molecule
63
What is the pH of pure water?
0
14
3
7
64
What is produced as a byproduct of photosythesis
carbon dioxide
methane
water
oxygen
65
What is a molecule capable of absorbing light energy called?
chlorophyll
pigment
stroma
chloroplast
66
What is binary fission?
A cell creates a new nucleus.
A cell grows larger, but never divides.
A cell splits into two identical cells.
A cell completing mitosis.
67
Cell definition?
structural and functional unit of organism
need at least one cell to live
study of cells
outermost limit of the cell
68
Which of the following is not a product of cellular respiration?
Glucose
ATP
carbon dioxide
Water
69
Are proteins considered less abundant ?
True
False
70
Rough ER produces?
Energy
Proteins
Cells
Fats
71
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
To move the cells
To help cells breathe
To break down food
To make new cells
72
Glycolysis is the first step when breaking down glucose to extract energy in cellular respiration.
True
False
73
What does "exocytosis" mean?
to engulf
to filter
to bring into the cell
to push out of the cell
74
What do germ cells produce?
triploid cells
Gametes
Germs
Diploid Cells
75
There are a couple types of structural rearrangements that can occur in chromosomes. Which answer below is NOT one?
Translocation
Nondisjunction
Inversion
Deletion
76
In codominance, both alleles for the same characteristic are simultaneously expressed in the heterozygote.
True
False
77
What is the definition of glycolysis
breaking down proteins
the breakdown of nucleic acids
the breakdown of glucose by enzymes,
The production of CO2 and H2O
78
The term used for an individual with the appropriate chromosome number according to their species is?
Karyotype
Monosomic
Trisomic
Euploid
79
How many ATP and NADPH molecules are required for the Calvin cycle?
12 ATP and 12 NADPH in reduction, 12 ATP in regeneration
12 ATP and 6 NADPH in reduction, 12 ATP in regeneration
12 ATP and 12 NADPH in reduction, 6 ATP in regeneration
6 ATP and 6 NADPH in reduction, 12 ATP in regeneration
80
Which answer below lists the three stages of Interphase in their correct order?
S, G1, and G2
G1, S, and G2
G1, G2, and S

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