Why must cells divide and specialize?

To replace damaged cells and perform specific functions

What is the process of puberty characterized by?

The onset of hormonal changes and sexual maturity

What are the levels of organisation (smallest to largest)?

Atom, molecule, organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

What does it mean to be heterozygous for a particular gene?

One allele is dominant and the other is recessive

What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis creates identical cells; meiosis creates genetically diverse cells

What happens during the process of aging or senescence?

Physical and mental functions decline over time

In a negative feedback loop, what happens when a deviation from the normal state is detected?

The body restores the normal state

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

Dominant traits can mask the expression of recessive traits

What is the purpose of the feedback mechanisms in homeostasis?

To maintain a stable internal environment

The digestive system is primarily responsible for which function?

Breaking down food and absorbing nutrients

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NRS414 - The building blocks and organisation within the Human Body

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Questions 19

Answers

1
Why must cells divide and specialize?
To replace damaged cells and perform specific functions
To facilitate nutrient absorption
To produce hormones
To generate energy
2
Which phase is NOT part of the cell cycle?
Cytokinesis
Metaphase
Ribosome synthesis
Interphase
3
What is the process of puberty characterized by?
A decrease in brain function
The onset of hormonal changes and sexual maturity
A decrease in body size
The end of growth
4
The nervous system controls which of the following?
Circulation
Hormonal regulation
The immune response
Sensory input and motor output
5
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the cell’s equator?
Metaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Interphase
6
Which of the following is a core requirement for human life?
Electricity
Music
Sunlight
Oxygen
7
What are the levels of organisation (smallest to largest)?
Organelle, atom, molecule, cells, tissues, organs, organisms, organ systems
Atom, organelle, molecule, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
Molecule, atom, organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
Atom, molecule, organelle, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
8
What does it mean to be heterozygous for a particular gene?
One allele is dominant and the other is recessive
Both alleles for the gene are recessive
Both alleles for the gene are the same
Both alleles are mutated
9
What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis creates identical cells; meiosis creates genetically diverse cells
Mitosis produces four cells; meiosis produces two cells
Mitosis occurs only in germ cells; meiosis occurs in somatic cells
Mitosis involves DNA replication; meiosis does not
10
What structure is found in eukaryotic cells that is absent in prokaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
11
What term describes the position of the body when standing with arms at the sides and palms facing forward?
Dorsal
Prone
Anatomical position
Lateral
12
What is an allele?
A section of DNA that codes for a specific protein
A protein produced in the cell
A type of mutation
A variant form of a gene
13
Which stage of development occurs immediately after conception?
Embryonic development
Puberty
Infancy
Fetal development
14
What happens during the process of aging or senescence?
The body becomes immune to disease
The body stops producing hormones
Cells grow faster
Physical and mental functions decline over time
15
Which of the following organs is found in the thoracic cavity?
Heart
Brain
Kidneys
Stomach
16
In a negative feedback loop, what happens when a deviation from the normal state is detected?
No change occurs
The system shuts down
The body restores the normal state
The body amplifies the change
17
What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?
Dominant traits never appear in offspring
Recessive traits are always expressed over dominant traits
Dominant traits can mask the expression of recessive traits
Dominant traits only appear in the absence of recessive traits
18
What is the purpose of the feedback mechanisms in homeostasis?
To maintain a stable internal environment
To regulate emotional responses
To increase metabolism
To prevent any changes in the body
19
The digestive system is primarily responsible for which function?
Producing hormones
Breaking down food and absorbing nutrients
Transporting oxygen
Protecting the body from pathogens

NRS414 - The building blocks and organisation within the Human Body Flashcards | StudBud