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AAC Classification, kingdoms and evolution Flashcards | StudBud
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AAC Classification, kingdoms and evolution
AAC Classification, kingdoms and evolution
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1
Intrasexual selection:
Competition between same sex for access to territories or mates
One sex (usually female) chooses mate based on certain attributes
2
If a population is at Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium then that population is...
Experiencing genetic drift
Not Evolving
Evolving
Changing in allele frequency
3
What does reproductive isolation lead to?
Artificial selection
Speciation
Less diversity
Geographical barriers
4
Which of the following was NOT supported by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
use and disuse
inheritence of acquired traits
change of species over time
natural selection
5
The introduction of new alleles into a population through migration
genetic drift
gene flow
variation
mutation
6
Why do scientists organize living things into groups?
so they can find them in the wild more easily
so that the organisms are easier to study
to make it easier to find them in the grocery store
so they can make sense of the variety of rocks on Earth.
7
Geologists use radioactive dating to:
to have a guess on the ages of rocks and fossils
create new, non-radioactive elements
compare it to online dating
determine the absolute age of rocks and fossils
8
organisms that break down dead organisms for food
consumers
decomposers
autotrophs
producers
9
What are transitional fossils?
Fossils in between species
Fossils that show diversity
Fossils that are the missing link between species.
Dinosaurs
10
The carrying capacity is
All of the above
Affected by limiting factors
amount of species that can survive in one area
the most organisms in an environment
11
Both bats and mosquitoes have wings. Wings are an example of
[all of the other options]
analogous structures.
vestigial structures.
homologous structures.
12
eukaryotic; multicellular; land and water; autotrophs; producers
plants
fungi
protist
animals
13
Which scientist developed the two name system of classifying organisms?
Leakey
Darwin
Linnaeus
Aristole
14
Extinction can allow adaptive radiation to occur
True
False
15
organisms that eat other organisms for food
autotroph
heterotroph
producer
decomposer
16
How well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment can be described as its
analogous structure.
common descent.
homologous structure.
fitness.
17
asexual reproduction- one cell splits into two cells through binary fission
bacteria
protist
fungi
animals
18
The constant in Hardy Weinberg equations that represents homozygous recessive individuals
q2
p2
2pq
q
19
What is binomial nomenclature?
Classifying organisms into seven levels
naming system where organisms are given two-part names
Grouping animals based on how they move
The naming system developed by Aristotle
20
Pattern of evolution that results in rapid speciation when new niches open ie. Age of Mammals
Punctuated equilibrium
Convergent evolution
Adaptive radiation
Coevolution
21
In Darwin's time, many people thought Earth was formed just a few thousand years ago.
true
false
22
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive & reproduce is
an adaptation.
a homologous structure.
an analogous structure.
a vestigial structure.
23
Darwin's theory of evolution is supported by
fossil evidence.
embryology.
[all of the other options]
DNA evidence.
24
Postzygotic reproductive barriers that cause hybrid offspring to be unable to reproduce
Hybrid Sterility
Hybrid inviability
hybrid breakdown
25
Which is NOT part of Darwin's theory of evolution?
common descent
acquired traits
natural selection
variations and adaptations
26
Body parts that have little/no purpose are called
vestigial structures.
homologous structures.
analogous structures.
embryonic similarities.
27
Divergent evolution describes
Species of same ancestors that become different
Species of different ancestors that become similar
Species of different ancestors that stay different
Species of the same ancestors that stay similar
28
Which two organisms are closely related?
American Badger and European Otter
Leopard and European Badger
Leopard and Coyote
Coyote and gray wolf
29
Placement of organisms in each level of classification is based on what?
different characteristics
shared derived characteristics
general characteristics
Specific characteristics
30
Where would chloroplasts have evolved on the cladogram?
None of the Above
Box 2
Box 3
Box 1
31
eukaryotic; most unicellular; watery environments; animal-like, plant-like, or fungi-like
protist
plant
bacteria
fungi
32
prokaryotic; unicellular; extremely salty, hot, or acidic environments
archaebacteria
eubacteria
fungi
protist
33
made of many cells
archaebacteria
multicellular
eubacteria
unicellular
34
The random change in allele frequency due to fire or natural disaster or population bottleneck
random mating
disruptive selection
variation
genetic drift
35
A form of genetic drift that occurs when a small subset of a population migrates to a new area
Founder effect
directional selection
non-random mating
36
Peppered moths vary in color from light gray to black. In an area without factories, we expect
equal numbers of light and dark moths.
mostly dark moths.
mostly light moths.
no moths.
37
If 60% of alleles in a gene pool are dominant, the frequency of the recessive allele is?
40%
36%
60%
50%
38
In the Hardy Weinberg equation, p stands for
The frequency of the recessive allele
The frequency of homozygous dominant individuals
The frequency of homozygous recessive individuals
The frequency of the dominant allele
39
Courtship rituals by one species maintain reproductive isolation by
behavioral isolation
mechanical isolation
ecological isolation
temporal isolation
40
Are all Protist unicellular
Yes
No
41
The sum of all of the alleles for a genetic trait in a population
genetics
allele frequency
inheritance
gene pool
42
Convergent evolution
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
43
Postzygotic reproductive barriers that cause second generation hybrid offspring to have reduced fitness
hybrid breakdown
Hybrid inviability
Hybrid Sterility
44
Which of the following is NOT part of the main principles of natural selection?
descent with modification
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
overproduction
Adaptation
45
All protista are eukaryotic
True
False
46
In addition to living species, Darwin studied the preserved remains of ancient organisms called
adaptations.
homologous structures.
vestigial structures.
fossils.
47
In taxonomy, a group at any level of organization is referred to as a
system
taxon
cladogram
binomial
48
What is taxonomy?
the process used by geologists to classify rocks
the process of observing an organism's behavior
the name of Aristotle's classification system
the scientific study of how living things are classified
49
What would be a favorable trait for a rabbit trying to avoid predators in a snowy environment?
brown fur
short ears
long ears
white fur
50
Body parts that are used for the same function but are NOT the same structure are called
homologous structures.
embryonic similarities.
analogous structures.
vestigial structures.
51
All would be conditions that satisfy Hardy Weinberg EXCEPT
random mating
no gene flow
natural selection
no mutation
52
What did Darwin notice about the Finches?
they were all long
he didn't study finches
they were all short
They had different beaks depending on what they ate
53
largest bacteria kingdom; prokaryotic; unicellular; cell walls contain peptidoglycan
fungi
archaebacteria
protist
eubacteria
54
Eukaryotic; mostly multicellular; damp environments; heterotrophs; decomposers
protists
fungi
animals
plants
55
made of one cell
plant
multicellular
unicellular
fungi
56
In this cladogram, which species are tetrapods?
Birds, prosimians, and humans
Prosimians and humans
Fish, amphibians, birds, and prosimians
Amphibians, birds, prosimians, and humans
57
Describe the overall concept of relative dating.
gap in a sequence of rock layers
fossils that are widespread but short-lived
age of an object in comparison with ages of other objects
age of a rock or fossil in years
58
Protein Sequencing was done on these six organisms. Which two are closely related.
Species 1 and 4
Species 5 and 4
Species 1 and 6
Species 2 and 3
59
Intersexual selection refers to ...
Males competing for females
Indicators of fertility.
Female choosiness in mate selection.
Difference between male and female gametes
60
In natural selection, humans select the variations of traits to be passed down to offspring.
false
true
61
Gene pool refers to ...
the complete set of alleles for all reproducing individuals in population
the complete set of genes in a species
the complete set of alleles in a species
the complete set of all alleles in a population
62
The squirrel populations are separated by a river. The mechanism of reproductive isolation is
geographic
mechanical
temporal
behavioral
63
Phylogeny is...
the process of evolution that creates new species
The study of evolutionary history and can be shown as a cladogram
the number of evolutionarily related species in an ecosystem
the genetic biodiversity of a species
64
eukaryotic; multicellular; land and water; heterotroph; consumer
animals
protist
plants
fungi
65
A cat's scientific name is Felix domesticus, which genus does it belong to ?
binomial nomenclature
Felix
domesticus
Cat
66
In a muddy pool, light-colored fish are more likely to be eaten than dark fish. Dark color is
an adaptation.
[none of the other options]
artificial selection.
fossil evidence.
67
A group of related organisms that naturally breed to produce fertile offspring
species
gene pool
niche
community
68
Structures shared by organisms that come from a common ancestor are called
vestigial structures.
analogous structures.
embryonic similarities.
homologous structures.
69
a cell with a defined nucleus and defined membrane bound organelles
prokaryote
eukaryote
archaebacteria
eubacteria
70
Natural Selection acts directly on:
genes
mutations
phenotypes
alleles
71
On a cladogram, a node represents:
last point where two lineages lived in the same area
last point where two lineages shared a common ancestor
last point where two lineages shared a common food source
last point where two lineages shared a characteristic
72
If two organisms are in the same kingdom, they must also be in the same:
family
domain
phylum
class
73
99% of all species that have ever lived are now extinct
True
False
74
Which organism is closely related to
Ursus arctos
Ursus americanus
Musa acuminata
Necator americanus
Vulpes vulpes