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Honors Biology Exam 2025 Flashcards | StudBud
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Honors Biology Exam 2025
Honors Biology Exam 2025
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1
What are the characteristics of members of the animal kingdom?
unicellular, autotrophic, eukaryotic
unicellular, heterotrophic, prokaryotic
multicellular, autotrophic, eukaryotic
multicellular, heterotrophic, eukaryotic
2
Water molecules are polar, with the
oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly po
oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive.
oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly negative.
oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen side being slightly ne
3
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get rid of wastes.
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
The cell's volume increases.
Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA.
4
Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called
inferences.
hypotheses.
variables.
data.
5
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
All cells are produced from existing cells.
Cells are the basic units of life.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
All living things are made of cells.
6
In what way are herbivores and carnivores alike?
They both obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
They both are considered to be autotrophs.
They both directly consume producers.
They both use photosynthesis to make their own food.
7
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during the G1 phase
only during interphase
only when they are being replicated
only during cell division
8
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis.
osmotic pressure.
active transport.
pinocytosis.
9
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
provides genetic diversity
takes less time
produces identical offspring
requires more time
10
The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called
precipitation.
the condensation cycle.
the water cycle.
evaporation.
11
In Figure 12–2 the structure labeled X is a(n)shows the structure of
a phosphate
an amino acid.
a lipid
a nucleotide
12
Figure 12–4 shows the percentages of bases in a DNA sample. How much Thymine should you expect?
28%
24%
44%
22%
13
What would be an example of the three parts of a nucleotide in DNA?
deoxyribose, phosphate group, and guanine
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
14
Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble
dividing.
storing needed materials and waste products.
producing daughter cells.
moving needed materials in and waste products out.
15
The stroma is the region outside the
Mitochondria
thylakoids.
plant cells.
chloroplasts.
16
Figure 7–5 27. Which means of particle transport is shown in Figure 7–5 above?
Exocytosis
protein pump
facilitated diffusion
Endocytosis
17
The structure labeled A in Figure 10–5 is called the
centromere.
spindle.
centriole.
sister chromatid.
18
Cell division is represented in Figure 10–3 by the letter
B.
C.
A.
D.
19
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and a different number of
ions.
electrons.
molecules.
neutrons.
20
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is
a hypothesis.
a controlled experiment.
an inference.
a theory.
21
Science is best described as a
set of facts.
collection of beliefs.
list of rules.
way of knowing.
22
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
builds proteins
stores DNA
stores sugars
packages proteins
23
Energy is released from ATP when
a phosphate group is removed.
adenine bonds to ribose.
ATP is exposed to sunlight.
a phosphate group is added.
24
The different forms of a gene are called
traits.
alleles.
hybrids.
pollinations.
25
In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the
inner mitochondrial membrane.
cytoplasm.
cell membrane.
nucleus.
26
Why are stem cells important?
they hae the potential to undergo cell division
they have specialized DNA
they are incapable of becoming cancer cells
They have the potential to develop into other cell types
27
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests
a conclusion.
a mass of information.
a single variable.
a control group.
28
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
Ions
29
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
30
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
autotrophs.
heterotrophs.
thylakoids.
pigments.
31
Variation in human skin color is an example of
multiple alleles.
codominance.
polygenic traits.
incomplete dominance.
32
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
transferring protons.
sharing electrons.
transferring electrons.
sharing protons.
33
How do organisms get the energy they need?
by breaking down food and gradually and capturing their chemical energy
by burning food molecules and releasing their energy as heat
by using the sun's energy to break down food molecules and form chemicals
by breathing oxygen into the lungs and combining it with carbon dioxide
34
Figure 3–4 18. Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown in Figure 3–4?
grass, caterpillar, robin, hawk
tree, deer, mountain lion, fox
tree, rabbit, hawk, snake
grass, grasshopper, snake, hawk
35
32. A multicellular organism begins life as a single cell—a fertilized egg with a complete set of chromosomes
are randomly distributed during division-some new cells are made
Chromosomes are divided evenly during division - each new cell has half
Chromosomes duplicated before mitosis - each new cell has same info
are stored in the original cell to direct the division of new cells
36
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
solutes to move out of the cell.
water to move out of the cell.
water to move into the cell.
solutes to move into the cell.
37
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
cytoplasm.
nuclei.
mitochondria.
chloroplasts.
38
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
recycling.
economy.
ecology.
modeling.
39
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
bacteria.
consumers.
plants.
humans.
40
10 percent of the energy in an organism is passed to the next level. Some is used for life processes and the rest is
used in reproduction
stored as body tissue
stored as fat
lost as heat
41
The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
evolution.
photosynthesis.
metabolism.
homeostasis.
42
Which of the following enclose their DNA in a nucleus?
bacteria
viruses
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
43
As a cell becomes larger, its
surface area stays the same, but its volume increases.
volume increases faster than its surface area.
surface area increases faster than its volume.
volume increases, but its surface area stays the same.
44
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing
high-energy sugars.
chlorophyll a.
sunlight.
chlorophyll b.
45
Plants are
herbivores.
primary producers.
primary consumers.
omnivores.
46
Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use?
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
chloroplast
47
Look at Figure 8–1. All of the following are parts of an ADP molecule EXCEPT
structure A.
structure D.
structure C.
structure B.
48
Figure 3–2 15. What goes in Box 5 of the food web in Figure 3–2?
scavengers
herbivores
carnivores
decomposers
49
Which of the following structures serves as the cell's boundary from its environment?
channel protein
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
cell membrane
50
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy → 6CO2 + 6H2O
51
If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, its mass number is
3.
4.
11.
7.
52
The algae at the beginning of a food chain in are considered
heterotrophs.
primary producers.
primary consumers.
decomposers.
53
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
4
16
8
2
54
Which bacteria killed the mice in Griffith's transformation experiment?
live harmless bacteria, and live, harmful bacteria
live, harmless bacteria and heat-killed, harmful bacteria
live harmful bacteria and heat-killed, harmless bacteria
live, harmless bacteria and heat-killed, harmless bacteria
55
The main energy source for all living things is
carbon
chlorophyll
the sun
oxygen
56
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport