EDP 250 midterm (1st half)

involves modification of an existing scheme when it is not possible to fit information into an existing structure

status of adolescents who prematurely commit to an identity without adequately exploring alternatives (mostly parents)

intimacy versus ______

Punishment-avoidance and obedience and Exchange of favors

Industry versus _______

Initiative versus ______

the anxiety experienced by members of a group resulting fromconcern that their behavior might confirm a stereotype

moral reason research is mixed, some finding gender differences, other studies find no differences between men and women

according to Erikson, how many stages of human development?

a person delays deciding important issues but actively explores various alternatives

Modify instruction to assist students in learning content, such asmath or science

distinct in vocabulary, grammar,or pronunciation—that are associated with a particular regionalor social group

trouble isolating fake and real, egocentric, begin to understand concrete subjects and abstract concepts, ruled by sight

emotionally driven, antagonisticaggression sparked by one’s perception that other people’smotives are hostile

Speech to oneself that guides one’s thought andbehavior

A mental state characterized by lack of both exploration and commitment

intending to harm others by damaging peerrelationships; leads to conduct disorders

How many stages of development are there?

Solve abstract and hypothetical problems, think systematically

Piaget did NOT believe that we are driven or motivated to learn when we are in disequilibrium

Recognition of how children teach other children

the process of maintaining a cognitive balance between existing knowledge and new experiences

ability in the brain to constantly change both the structure & function of cells in response to experience or trauma

The 4 stages of development are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational

unemotional aggression aimed at fulfilling a need or desire

families with lower SES have higher levels of parental involvement

Most of their instruction in general education classrooms butstudents pulled out for extra help

 the lifelong process of increasing self-awareness, acquiring new skills and actively pursuing continual improvement

Generativity versus ______

Parents/teachers provide _________ for children’s development

Place students who are ELs in general education classrooms tohelp them learn both English and academic content

sexual violence involving non-consensual sexualtouching or a forced sex act, like rape, forced oral sex, orsodomy

pruning is The process of eliminating unused synapses (connections)

Good boy/good girl and Law and order

Use motor abilities like grabbing objects, can't tell difference between them and environment, no object permanence

In the school year 2014–15, 16% of boys, but only 9% of girlsreceived special education services

a child will become completely fixed on one point, not allowing them to see the wider picture

the discrepancy between an existing way of knowing, and newexperiences

autonomy versus ______

unable to mentally record the processof moving from one state to another

Social contract and Universal ethical principle

understanding that objects exist even when we cannot see them

think that something's shape, size, and number relate to amount rather than thinking amount is constant, centration

The ability to consider two or more dimensions of anobject at the same time.

External morality cannot extend into adulthood

theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development. Learning creates Development

tendency for adults to provide scaffolding to children so they can engage in mature activities

The process by which neurons form synapses with other neurons, resulting in trillions of connections

The commitment to values, beliefs, and goals following a period of exploration

kids develop ideas of fairness and see justice as a reciprocal process. treating others as they would want to be treated

 process by which a child learns to interact with others around them

Preschool children DO NOT use private speech

An emotional reaction to the self—the feeling component ofidentity

trust versus _____

to physically hurt another person intentionally

involves integrating a new experience or new information into an existing cognitive structure

Identity versus ______

the ways people choose between right and wrong as they mature

Socioeconomic Status (SES) is the combination of parents’income, level of education, and the kinds of jobs they have

Adults use tools to pass culturally valued modes of thinkingand problem solving to their children

Students who, despite adversity, succeed in school and later life are _______

The gap among what a learner can accomplish independently and with the guidance/encouragement of a more skilled partner

The assessment component of identity.A cognitive assessment of our physical, social, and academiccompetence

with Moral realism, moral judgments are made on the basis of theconsequences of an act

the stages are constructed through a process of assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration

unable to understand that objects can bechanged and returned to their original condition

Children acquire mental tools by interacting with parentsand other more experienced members of the culture

Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons

In the first stage, external morality, children view rules asfixed, permanent, and enforced by authority figures

speech in which there is no attempt to exchange thoughts or take into account another person's point of view

integrity versus _____

Build on students’ native languages by teaching in both that language and English

Immanent justice is a young child’s belief that punishment willinevitably follow a transgression.