Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism was prompted by

the slaughter on the battlefield of Kalinga.

Hammurabi secured Babylon's cultural ascendancy through

his success in making Marduk, sovereign to all other gods.

Ashoka's rule was influenced by Buddhism in that he

appointed officials to oversee moral welfare of the realm.

Settled agriculture developed first in Sumeria because of what particular natural feature?

Rivers that brought new soil with floods

The earliest Sumerian writings

were pictographs in which each sign pictured an object.

A follower of Confucius, Mencius claimed

human nature is fundamentally good.

How did Homo erectus differ from modern humans?

Homo erectus had a smaller brain size than modern humans.

questioned whether life was better than death.

According to the Buddha, nirvana is achieved

by recognizing the impermanence of all things.

Zoroaster taught that

people had free will & were accountable for own actions

What major climate change occurred about 15,000 years ago?

Temperatures warmed and glaciers melted

studbud

WHAP CH.1-4

100 termsStudBud Administration135 plays

Prehistory from Mesopotamia paleolithic to neolithic era, ancient civilizations to China dynasties. (From 2500 BCE to 221 BCE)

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
Military leaders who became kings began to build what kinds of structures?
Palaces
Marketplaces
Schools
Rival temples
2
Homo erectus settled on Java about 1.5 million years ago by crossing from China by
swimming along coasts.
weaving grass boats.
building pontoon boats.
walking over land.
3
What alloy is created by mixing copper with another metal such as arsenic?
Steel
Tin
Bronze
Iron
4
The Shang king
was believed to be divine.
controlled all trade
could not marry.
served as the high priest.
5
The best source for understanding everyday life at various social levels in the early Zhou is
the Mandate of Heaven.
the Book of Songs.
the Analects.
the Book of Documents.
6
According to theories based on mitochondrial DNA evidence, Homo sapiens evolved first in
The Middle East.
East Africa.
China.
The Nile valley.
7
Around 350 B.C.E. Chinese military technology developed the
longbow.
cannon.
crossbow.
light bow.
8
Beginning about 9000 B.C.E., people in the Fertile Crescent began to domesticate
squash.
yams.
rice.
wheat.
9
Who was in charge of, or the head of, an Aryan tribal group?
A head-priest
A raja or chief
A god-king
A warrior assembly
10
Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism was prompted by
his meeting with the Buddha.
fear of social upheaval.
the death of his wife.
the slaughter on the battlefield of Kalinga.
11
Hammurabi secured Babylon's cultural ascendancy through
a rigid control of irrigation from the rivers.
his success in making Marduk, sovereign to all other gods.
the establishment of his capital in Akkad.
his use of only Babylonians as soldiers.
12
What discovery marks the transition from Paleolithic to Neolithic?
Music
Agriculture
Stone tools
Religion
13
Ashoka's rule was influenced by Buddhism in that he
banished slavery from his kingdom.
required all of his people to convert to the faith.
banned all other forms of religious thought.
appointed officials to oversee moral welfare of the realm.
14
In Shang culture, the taotie was a
tool used to write.
burial site of the kings.
message intended for a god.
priest who lived in a temple.
15
Mahavira was the founder of what Indian religion?
Buddhism
Sikhism
Hinduism
Jainism
16
Neanderthals of Europe were a branch of what hominid group?
Homo sapiens
Homo erectus
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
17
The Buddha preached his sermons in what language, to reach as wide as audience as he could?
Chinese
Sanskrit
Spanish
Magadhi
18
Settled agriculture developed first in Sumeria because of what particular natural feature?
A scarcity of labor to work the fields
Naturally occurring irrigation ditches
Constant rainfall that irrigated the fields
Rivers that brought new soil with floods
19
In the Mesopotamian social system, which of the following were the most powerful?
Older men
Older women
Young warriors
Pregnant women
20
The earliest Sumerian writings
were cuneiform.
appeared on papyrus
were pictographs in which each sign pictured an object.
were ideograms in which each sign symbolized an idea.
21
In most Neolithic communities, which group of people were the first to work out a law code?
Warriors
Farmers
Priests
Craftsmen
22
Beginning in 1200 B.C.E., what new technology entered China?
Writing
Bronze
Chariots
Coinage
23
With what sacred text does the Aryan religion shift to a more ascetic and philosophical one?
Ramayana
Upanishads
Sutras
Rigveda
24
Heirs to the Zhou kings were
sent as hostages to rival households.
always sons of the first wives.
whichever son the king chose.
sometimes daughters of the king.
25
Harappan craftsmen are the first known producers of what cloth?
Wool
Cotton
Camel hair
Silk
26
What is the ultimate goal of Hinduism?
Union with brahman
Wealth and earthly prosperity
Physical immortality
Becoming a priest
27
The first fully bipedal hominid known to paleontologists is
Australopithecus.
Homo erectus.
Homo habilis.
Homo sapiens.
28
Many Legalist politics were adopted by
the Shang emperors.
the Zhou emperors.
the state of Qin.
the Zhuangzi author.
29
A follower of Confucius, Mencius claimed
human nature is fundamentally good.
people should govern themselves.
people need to serve their rulers without question.
there is no point in trying to change human nature.
30
How did Homo erectus differ from modern humans?
Homo erectus shared food preparations and gathering.
Homo erectus lived in larger groups than modern humans.
Homo erectus had a smaller brain size than modern humans.
Homo erectus shaped specialized tools out of stone.
31
Buddha taught that individuals could triumph over human weakness by
entering a monastery.
proper observance of the rituals of Hinduism.
following the Eightfold Path.
following an ascetic lifestyle.
32
The Zhuangzi
was written to refute the ideas of Confucius.
questioned whether life was better than death.
was the second text written by Laozi.
argued that without reason, there was no purpose.
33
One of the most unique features of the Harappan cities was its
assembly halls.
drainage systems.
wide roads.
communal wells.
34
Where did Sumerian scribes learn the cuneiform writing system?
At the palace of the city's ruler
Scribal schools
At temples from priests
At home from fathers
35
The first Chinese Dynasty to have writing, cities, and metalworking was
Ming.
Shang.
Zhou.
Mencius.
36
What was the most important virtue someone could have, according to Confucius?
Humanity
Ambition
Piety
Physical strength
37
According to the Buddha, nirvana is achieved
by carefully following the rituals of Hindu religion.
through the worship of certain gods.
by recognizing the impermanence of all things.
after being reincarnated four times.
38
One of the most important sources of the Shang kings wealth was from the sale of slaves, who...
surplus daughters
war captives
royal siblings
temple priests.
39
What was the predominant agricultural activity in the Yangzi River basin?
Cotton farming
Rice farming
Livestock farming
Dry farming of wheat
40
In the philosophy of the Laozi, people would be better off if they
learned to read and write.
developed new tools.
knew less.
idolized a warrior class.
41
Most of the food that Paleolithic foragers ate was
plants.
insects.
hunted animals.
fish.
42
In the 6th millennium B.C.E. people attached wooden sticks to frames and pack animals to use as
a harvester.
boundary markers.
a plow.
a weapon.
43
Horticulture refers to the growing of plants using
plows.
sickles.
clubs.
digging sticks.
44
Zoroaster taught that
human actions were the result of being manipulated by gods
people had free will & were accountable for own actions
there is only one god.
people's eternal fate determined by their religious faith
45
During the Warring States Era, China was the first culture to use what kind of names?
First names
Gendered names
Family names
Royal titles
46
Ahuramazda and Angra Mainyu
represented peace and war.
were the largest temples in all of Mesopotamia.
represented good and evil.
were the most influential disciples of Zoroaster.
47
One of the primary roles of the Aryan priests was to perform what ritual?
Sacrificing animals
Blessing a new home
Sweeping the temple
Waging war against the gods
48
One of the duties of the shaman was
healer.
builder.
war band leader.
artist.
49
What major climate change occurred about 15,000 years ago?
Temperatures warmed and glaciers melted
Temperatures became slightly colder
A little ice age began
Monsoon patterns began
50
What are sutras in the Buddhist tradition?
Animals sacrificed to the Buddha
Steps on the Eightfold Path
Sacred names taken by monks
Sacred texts of prayers
51
Paleolithic infants relied on what food for survival?
Fish
Meat
Berries
Breast milk
52
The Rigveda was an oral collection of ritual texts, treatises, and
trade records.
medical texts.
hymns.
legal codes.
53
The first rulers of Sumerian city-states such as Ur and Uruk were
scribes.
farmers.
priests.
merchants.
54
Hammurabi's political success resulted from his
linking the concept of kingship w/ the hierarchy of the gods
partitioning of Mesopotamia into smaller political units
conquest and enslavement of Egypt
forced exile of Sumerian opponents
55
What did Ashoka do with Kalinga after he had conquered it?
He slaughtered most of its population.
He freed its people as an act of piety.
He asked to become its king.
He made it his new capital.
56
In the Indian caste system, the priests are referred to as
Kassites
Buddhas
Jains
Brahmans
57
How does papyrus compare to clay tablets as a writing material?
It is less prone to disintegration.
It is more fragile and less likely to survive.
It was more difficult to write upon.
It has survived in larger numbers.
58
The term “forager” is now used by historians instead of the traditional term
gatherer-fishers.
stone-age man.
caveman.
hunter-gatherer.
59
According to Confucius, the basic unit of society was the
individual
family
kingdom
village
60
Around 350 B.C.E. Chinese soldiers began wearing armor that was largely made from
steel
cotton
leather
bamboo
61
Harappan houses were centered around what feature?
A courtyard
A burial site
A cooking hearth
A household shrine
62
The key theme of The Epic of Gilgamesh is the
destruction of the world.
search for immortality.
creation of men and women.
battle between good and evil.
63
One Shang religious practice that became less common in the Zhou period was
burying the living with the dead.
burying the dead without gifts.
acknowledging Heaven as divine.
building tombs for the dead.
64
Yin and yang represent
complementary masculine and feminine principles.
all distinct entities that are opposing forces.
Chinese and barbarian cultures.
good and evil forces in nature.
65
In modern, foraging societies, who in a community might be most responsible for hunting?
Women
Men
Groups of children
Elderly
66
Pastoralism, developed as a result of the natural herding instinct of
humans.
bears.
sheep.
pigs.
67
The first crops to be developed in India were
tomatoes.
wheat.
cotton.
rice.
68
At what point did slavery become widespread in Egypt?
First Intermediate Period
Second Intermediate Period
New Kingdom
Old Kingdom
69
Most skeletal remains of the Australopithecus have been found in
the Gobi desert.
the Sahara desert.
the Island of Java.
the Great Rift Valley.
70
The destruction of the Assyrian Empire paved the way for the emergence of
the Persian Empire
the Semitic empire.
many small kingdoms.
Egyptian imperialism.
71
India produced more coins than anywhere else from what empire, revealing extent oftradenetworks
Assyrian
Han
Roman
Athenian
72
Residents of Çatal Hüyük lived in houses that were
spaced far apart.
round, with two doors.
without roofs.
made of mud brick.
73
In general, how did residents of ancient cities tend to view residents of rural areas?
City dwellers viewed themselves as more sophisticated
City dwellers thought people of rural areas were cultured
City dwellers tried to imitate the people of the rural areas
City dwellers saw themselves as equal to the farmers
74
In Mesopotamia, what material was used for writing?
Papyrus
Soft clay
Paper
Animal bones
75
Neolithic peoples used obsidian to make
crowns.
plows.
wheels.
knives.
76
In addition to papyrus, Egyptian hieroglyphs were
painted on clay pots.
written on walls.
carved into clay tablets.
woven into blankets.
77
According to Confucius, the only relationship that based on mutual obligations between equals..
ruler and subject.
friend and friend.
husband and wife.
elder and younger brothers.
78
Egyptians believed that what, or who, controlled the rise and fall of the Nile?
Ra
Pharaoh
Priests
Tides
79
The Zhou Mandate of Heaven theory might have been created to
convince the Zhou princes to fight.
win the loyalty of the priestly class.
win over the conquered Shang.
describe the beginning of farming.
80
The earliest Indian civilization centered on a great river, the
Indus
Nile.
Euphrates.
Ganges.
81
Early states used what method to control their populace?
Exemption from taxation
Promises of health
Promises of wealth
Threats of violence
82
The remnants of Harappan script have been preserved on what material?
Clay
Linen paper
Bronze discs
Wood tablets
83
Shang warriors used weapons made of
iron
jade
bronze
steel
84
Compared to ancient Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations, the Indus civilization
was not a literate society.
had minimal trade with other peoples.
was nearly twice as large in territory.
lasted less than three hundred years.
85
A specialist within the Paleolithic society who receives messages from the spirit world is a
warrior.
king.
chief.
shaman.
86
Two characteristics that made Cyrus a remarkable warrior-king were his concept of empire & his
benevolence and humanity as a ruler.
concern for economic development.
effective assimilation of nomadic invaders into his kingdom.
to coordinate an efficient bureaucracy over a vast region.
87
What geographic feature had the largest impact on Egyptian culture and prosperity?
Sahara desert
Red Sea
Nile River
Mediterranean Sea
88
When a crop has been modified by selective breeding, it has been
marketed.
developed.
domesticated.
trained.
89
In early states, social hierarchies were usually heightened by the introduction of
written religious texts.
oral histories.
economic records.
written laws
90
Paleolithic humans tended to find mating partners from
a distant tribal group.
outside their kinship bonds.
within their kinship group.
hunting competitors of other tribes.
91
Potatoes and squash were domesticated by 3000 B.C.E. in what region?
Fertile Crescent
Indus Valley
United States
Andes Mountains
92
The dominant soil type in the Yellow River basin is loess, which is best defined as
loose sandy soil that is not very fertile.
loose, wind-driven soil that is easy to till.
heavy soil that is loose but not fertile.
hard-packed earth difficult to dig into.
93
Hammurabi's code was designed to
intimidate common people in order to prevent social upheaval
increase his ability to tax his people for his own wealth.
increase the power of the nobility over the priesthood.
regulate the relationships of his people & promote welfare.
94
The term "asceticism" refers to
rejection of anthropomorphic gods.
the individual soul.
sacrificial rites.
the practice of self-discipline and self-denial.
95
Where in the city did Sumerians build their large ziggurat temples?
In the center of the city
On the outskirts of the cities
In the middle of crop fields
One at each corner of the city walls
96
The thinker Xunzi argued that
human nature is fundamentally good.
human nature is infinitely malleable.
people born selfish & greedy can be trained to be good
people will always be corrupted by experience.
97
The Hindu concept of dharma is
a guide for an ethical and moral life.
the belief in reincarnation.
a balance sheet of good and bad deeds.
the rejection of ritualism.
98
In order to rule their newly conquered kingdom, the Zhou kings relied upon
win over the conquered Shang.
loyal family members & others appointed as territorial lords
win the loyalty of the priestly class.
local, native warlords.
99
The first states that historians know of were developed in what region?
India
Mesopotamia
Egypt
Greece
100
What Indian ruler took advantage of Alexander's invasion to create the Mauryan Empire?
Arjuna
Porus
Chandragupta
Megasthenes

WHAP CH.1-4 Flashcards | StudBud