In which group are the spheres of Earth listed in order of increasing density?

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere

The best evidence that the Earth has a spherical shape would be provided by

photographs of the Earth taken from space

How are latitude and longitude lines drawn on a globe of Earth?

Latitude is parallel and longitude meets at the poles

A direct relationship is when...

The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes up

As depth within Earth's interior increases, the

density, tempurature, and pressure increase

Which statement is an inference?

The sediments were deposited by a stream.

Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily because

ofthe internal arrangement of the atoms

Interactions between living things and unliving things

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Earth Science Midterm Review

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Ms Cooke's Midterm Review

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Questions 86

Answers

1
What are the two most abundant elements by mass found in Earth's crust?
oxygen and silicon
sodium and chlorine
aluminum and iron
calcium and carbon
2
______________ plates are moving away from each other
transvergent
convergent
divergent
transforming
3
Which mineral has a metallic luster, a black streak, and is an ore of iron?
graphite
pyroxene
magnetite
galena
4
In which group are the spheres of Earth listed in order of increasing density?
atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere
lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
lithospherehydrosphere, atmosphere,
5
Another name for primary waves is
secondary waves
compressional waves
love waves
first waves
6
The true shape of the Earth is best described as a
perfect sphere
highly eccentric ellipse
perfect ellipse
slightly oblate sphere
7
When loose particles are joined together a __________ rock is formed.
crystalline
sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
8
Naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid is a
Mineral
Crystal
Diamond
Rock
9
Which rock forms as a result of the recrystallization of already existing rock?
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
Metamentary
10
The ________ is the actual spot under the surface where rock breaks.
s-waves
epicenter
hypocenter
focus
11
Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and has the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz?
Pegmatite
Andesite
Scoria
Pumice
12
The best evidence that the Earth has a spherical shape would be provided by
the prevailing wind direction
photographs of the Earth taken from space
the change in the time of sunrise and sunset
the time the Earth takes to rotate on its axis
13
When a rock cools quickly, _______________ crystals form.
tiny or no
gigantic
diamond
3 foot
14
Materials that can not be replaced for a long period of time are
lumber
mineral resources
nonrenewable
renewable
15
How long does a P-wave take to travel the first 6500 kilometers after the earthquake occurs?
10.0 min
6.5 min
18.5 min
8.0 min
16
The graph shows the relationship between mass and volume of 3 samples. What is the density ?
20.0 g/cm³
10.0 g/cm³
1.0 g/cm³
5.0 g/cm³
17
How are latitude and longitude lines drawn on a globe of Earth?
Latitude is parallel and longitude meets at the equator.
Latitude is parallel and longitude meets at the poles
Longitude is parallel and latitude meets at the equator.
Longitude is parallel and latitude meets at the poles.
18
A random breakage in a mineral is called
fracture
cleavage
hardness
streak
19
On which side of the hill has the steepest slope
South
Northwest
Northeast
East
20
Subduction occurs when there are ______________ plates.
convergent
transforming
transversal
divergent
21
Which type of igneous rock cools slowly inside of the Earth?
Interal
Extrusive
External
Intrusive
22
Which factor has the greatest influence on the weathering rate of Earth’s surface bedrock?
age of the bedrock
local air pressure
regional climate
angle of insolation
23
What is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian called?
latitude
longitude
equator
altitude
24
Which diagram represents the topographic profile between location C and B
1
2
3
4
25
The latitude of a point in the Northern Hemisphere may be determined by measuring the
apparent diameter of Polaris
distance to the Sun
apparent diameter of the Sun
altitude of Polaris
26
Which statement about the rock is an observation?
The rock cooled very rapidly.
The rock dates from the Precambrian Era.
The rock is black and shiny.
The rock formed deep in the Earth's interior.
27
Directly above the focus, where the quake is first felt is the
epicenter
focus prime
prefeel
s-wave
28
A direct relationship is when...
The dependent variable goes up and the dependent goes up
The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes up
The variables both stay the same
The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes down
29
As depth within Earth's interior increases, the
density, tempurature, and pressure decrease
density, tempurature, and pressure increase
density, tempurature decrease, and pressure increase
density, tempurature, and pressure stay the same
30
The amount of matter in an object is
Weight
Volume
Solid
Mass
31
Which statement is an inference?
50% of the sediments are the size of sand grains
Some of the particles are rounded.
The sediments were deposited by a stream.
The hole is 2 meters deep.
32
The water sphere of the earth is known as the
lithosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
troposphere
33
A sailing ship seems to be is sinking as it moves away. Which statement explains this?
The surface of the ocean has depressions
The earth is revolving
The earth has a curved surface
The earth is rotating
34
Which scale measures the magnitude of earthquakes?
Epicenter
Seiemogram
Richer
Mercalli
35
What is the way that light reflects off a mineral?
Streak
Hardness
Color
Shine
36
Cooling rate is directly related to _________________.
nothing
the hardness
crystal size
the color
37
When a rock cools slowly, _______________ crystals form.
medium
no
small
large
38
_________ metamorphism occurs on the interface between hot magma and already existing rock.
magma
regional
contact
Pre
39
Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily because
ofimpurities that produce surface variations
ofthe internal arrangement of the atoms
light reflects from crystal surfaces
energyis released during crystallization
40
Mill River generally flows toward the
southwest
northeast
northwest
southeast
41
The igneous rock gabbro most likely formed from molten material that cooled
rapidly, deep underground
rapidly at Earth’s surface
slowly at Earth’s surface
slowly, deep underground
42
Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism?
A
C
D
B
43
Silicate is a
S2
Silicon dioxide
02
02 + Si
44
Clastic sedimentary rocks are identified by
water pocket size
grain size
age of formation
salt concentration
45
Which diagram best represents the topographic profile along line AB?
3
1
4
2
46
Which is thicker the oceanic crust or continental crust?
Neither
Continental
Oceanic
They do not exist
47
convergent plates are when....
when two plates slowly grind past one another
two plates collide
5 or more plates meet
two plates move away from each other
48
What is the P-wave travel time if the P-wave arrives 8 minutes before the S-wave?
6 minutes 30 seconds
4 minutes 20 seconds
10 minutes 0 seconds
11 minutes 20 seconds
49
What is science?
a war of solving problems
a way of forming a hypothesis
The study of the Earth
Interactions between living things and unliving things
50
Rocks are made up of
pebbles
smaller pieces of rock
minerals
sand
51
Sedimentary rocks are the only type of rock that can contain
water pockets
one type of mineral
fossils
over 100 different types of minerals
52
Volume is the...
Number of cookies Julia is eating at the moment
Amount of space an object takes up
The force of gravity acting on an object
The amount of matter in an object
53
Which line passes through both the geographic North Pole and the geographic South Pole?
0° longitude
Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)
0° latitude
54
Earth’s magnetic field has reversed itself many times. This pattern is best seen in
igneous bedrock of the oceanic crust
layers of sedimentary bedrock of the GrandCanyon
bedrock with fossils containing radioactivecarbon-14
metamorphic bedrock in mountain ranges
55
In which direction does the Cinder River flow?
southeast
southwest
northwest
northeast
56
A system of measurement based on a unit of 10 is known as the
English system
Celcious system
Bond System
Metric system
57
When something is cyclical it
Forms a pattern allowing us to make a connection
Is most helpful over short periods of time
It never changes
Is impossible to predict
58
The formula to find density is...
Mass/ Volume
Measured - Actual / Actual x 100
Mass/ Mass
Volume/ mass
59
The lower atmosphere and hydrosphere are bound to Earth by
atmospheric pressure
a molecular bonding at the interface
magnetic fields
the force of gravity
60
Which point is located on the steepest slope?
B
C
D
F
61
What is the most likely elevation of point A?
1250 m
1850 m
1650 m
1750 m
62
Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage?
mica
halite
calcite
pyrite
63
Which map shows the greatest temperature field gradient?
1
3
4
2
64
Which of the following items is a model?
a hand lense
a ruler
a globe
a mineral specimen
65
The three groupings of rocks are:
Igneous, sedimentary, and Minerallic
Igneous, Crystalline, and metamorphic
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Clastic, sedimentary, and metamorphic
66
Regional metamorphic rocks form over ___________ areas.
small
high
wide
thin
67
What is the resistance towards being scratched?
cleavage
checmical test
hardness
fracture
68
What is the contour interval for this map?
10 m
15 m
20 m
25 m
69
Which is the use of the senses to learn something about the environment?
Inference
Frame of Reference
Classification
Observation
70
Which type of rock forms as a result of the cooling and hardening of rock?
Metamophic
Sedimentary
Igenous
Marble
71
What is the smallest # of seismograph stations needed to find the epicenter of an earthquake
3
6
9
2
72
The primary cause of convection currents in the Earth's mantle is believed to be the
occurence of earthquakes
differences in densities of earth materials
subsidence of the crust
rotation of the Earth
73
Which two points have the same elevation?
B and D
G and F
G and C
C and D
74
What is the location of Binghamton, New York?
42° 6' S, 76° 05' W
42° 6' N, 75° 55' W
42° 54' N, 75° 05' W
42° 54' N, 75° 55' W
75
Extrusive igneous rocks from from
lava
magma
granite
crystals
76
The first waves to arrive at another location from an earthquake are called
Secondary waves
First waves
P-waves
S-waves
77
The luster of the mineral shown below could be determined by
using an electronic balance
observing how light reflects from the surface of the mineral
using a graduated cylinder
observing what happens when acid is placedon the mineral
78
Compared to Earth’s crust, Earth’s core is believed to be
more dense, hotter, and composed of more iron
more dense, cooler, and composed of less iron
less dense, hotter, and composed of less iron
less dense, cooler, and composed of more iron
79
When performing a _______________ test, you pull the mineral across a white, ceramic plate.
chemical
hardness
gravity
streak
80
Igneous rock along oceanic ridges is younger than igneous rock farther from the ridge which...
the ocean floor is crashing into another plate
shows the ocean floor is stable
shows the ocean floor is spreading
shows oceanic ridges are ares of subsidence
81
What is the density of a mineral compared to the density of water called?
General gravity
General density
Specific gravity
Specificity
82
What is the lithosphere?
The Oceanic crust of the Earth
The rigid outer shell of the Earth
The name for the inner and outer core
All of the water in, on, or around the earth
83
As gradient increases, what happens to the distance between isolines?
It decreases
It stays the same
It increases
84
Two streams begin at the same elevation. Why could one stream is flowing faster than the other?
The faster stream has a much steeper gradient.
One stream has a temp of 10°C and the other stream is 20°C.
The streams are flowing in different directions.
The faster stream contains more dissolved minerals.
85
Which statement is true about an isotherm field map?
It indicated the direction of maximum isolation
It increases in magnitude as it bends southward
It connects points of equal air temperature
Represents an interface of high and low barometric pressure
86
The altitude of Polaris at a location is 44 degrees. Where is this location?
Buffalo
Elmira
Watertown
Kingston

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