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Cognition: Memory and Problem Solving Flashcards | StudBud
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Cognition: Memory and Problem Solving
Cognition: Memory and Problem Solving
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AP Psychology Cognition #appsychology
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1
Your short term memory has a recall capacity of
unlimited amounts
9 +/- 2
7 +/- 2
7
2
The serial position effect is
having memories change due to suggestion of others before retrieval
the tendency to best remember the first and last things learned
retention of encoded information over time
The more time between learning events the better it is remembered
3
When we pay attention to important or novel information we encode it into our:
Short-term memory
Consciousness
Long-term memory
Working memory
4
When remembering a list of words, it allows you to remember words at the beginning of the list.
Short-term memory
Primacy
Recency
Novelty
5
When you think "bird" you think of a robin, the robin is a:
insight
algorithm
concept
prototype
6
State Dependent Memory
Retention independet of conscious collection
Info that has been stored and recalled
Our tendency to recall items at the end
Retrieval most efficient when a person is in the same state as memory form
7
In remembering an event, this is how we get information into our brain.
Sensory Memory
Retrieval
Encoding
Storage
8
You are shocked when you see your teacher on the tannin at the beach reading glamour magazines...
representative heuristic
availability heuristic
intuition
belief perseverence
9
When you are in a sad mood you remember sad things - an example of:
misattribution
peg word
mood congruent
context effect
10
Being able to remember new song lyrics, but not the lyrics you originally heard:
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
11
Representativeness Heuristic
can create or sustain stereotypes
previous belief
problem solving method
something available
12
explicit memory is
run by the hypothalamus
learn how to do something
run by the cerebellum
memory of facts and experiences that one consciously knows
13
Definition: flashbulb memory
a lightbulb you can buy at home depot
clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
a memory that lasts a second
a flash of light triggers an old memory
14
Presque Vu is also known as
Peg Word
Chunking
Spacing Effect
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
15
Eidetic memory is sometimes referred to as a ____________ memory.
photogenic
photoriffic
photon
photographic
16
In the hippocampus, when the left side is damaged, you have difficulty recalling __________.
verbal information
visual information
17
After exposure to subtle false information, many people create false memories, known as:
misinformation effect
source amnesia
retroactive information
proactive information
18
This type of processing allows you to read this this sentence and not see the error right away.
Effortful processing
Parallel processing
Working memory
Automatic processing
19
For a few seconds our eyes register an exact representation of a scene and we can recall detail
Echoic memory
Acoustic encoding
Visual encoding
Iconic memory
20
You need ketchup, so you walk up and down every aisle at the store to find it - this is a(n):
algorithm
fixation
concept
heuristic
21
Context-dependent memory
retrieve information worse when in a different setting/context
retrieve information worse when in the same setting/context
retrieve information better when in the same setting/context
retrieve information better when in a different setting/context
22
If a person doesn't like the government, they will seek out evidence to support their opinion.
Algorithm
Belief perseverence
Functional Fixedness
Confirmation bias
23
Which part of the brain is involved in our implicit memories
Hypothalamus
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Hippocampus
24
You don't want to go to the city because you just listened to the podcast "crime in the city" and think you'll be shot
belief perseverence
availability heuristic
representative heuristic
intuition
25
UR usually successful in fixing ur computer by turning on and off-this time it was just unplugged but you failed to look
functional fixedness
mental set
fixation
confirmation bias
26
Your ability to tie your shoes is part of procedural memory, otherwise known as:
implicit memory
explicit memory
27
The more you do a task, the less prompting your sending neuron will need to send its message.
effortful processing
long term potentiation
automatic processing
synaptic changes
28
Thinking about how you think or what happens when you consider how to solve a problem is called
metacognition
inductive reasoning
heuristic
intuition
29
Recall vs Recognition: Fill-in the blank or essay tests
Recall
Recognition
30
You dreamed that you got in a fight with our best friend and then later think it happened.
Source amnesia
Proamnesia
tip of the tongue phenomenon
deja vu
31
After an accident, Eva can no longer form new long term memories - what is the condition?
retrograde amnesia
anterograde amnesia
dementia
flashbulb memories
32
Long-term potentiation aids most directly in
language acquisition
sensory memory
problem-solving
long-term memory
33
What is "deja vu"
eerie feeling of having a false memory
matching concepts with their definitions
eerie feeling of having previously experienced something
eerie feeling of knowing that cramming is better than studying spaced out.
34
You need to open a bottle and have no cork screw - you don't realize you can use a screw driver
functional fixedness
mental set
fixation
confirmation bias
35
Effortful processing
Requires effort
Happens while we are sleeping
Happens automatically
Is natural
36
It is better to study for the week leading up to a test, rather than just the night before - this is known as...
Chunking
Priming
Serial position effect
Spacing effect
37
1931195219541983198620072009 ----> 1931 1952 1954 1983 1986 2007 2009 is easier because of...
serial positioning effect
spacing effect
mnemonic device
chunking
38
Which part of the brain is involved in our explicit memory?
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
39
When remembering a list of words, this allows you to recall those at the end of the list.
Novelty
Primacy
Short-term memory
Recency
40
which is an example of an implicit memory
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
recognizing a celebrity
remembering how to tie your shoelace
describing the taste of a birthday cake
41
You think you are so TOTALLY brilliant in Psychology, you wait until April to start studying.
Intuition
Belief perseverence
Overconfidence
Mental set
42
This allows us to take in any given scene, although it is only fleeting.
Consciousness
Long-term memory
Short-term memory
Sensory Memory
43
Milk is advertised as 99 percent fat free OR milk that is 1 percent fat is an example of-------
Heuristic
Peg Word Shortcut
Algorithm
Framing
44
This person studies memories, how eyewitnesses can be influenced by question framing and the misinformation effect
Rogers
Baumrind
Loftus
Miller
45
Automatic processing occurs without;
sensory memory
visual imagery
conscious awareness
semantic encoding
46
This individual is well known for his studies on the influence of rehearsal in recall.
Piaget
Chomsky
Ebbinghaus
Loftus
47
Our tendency to cling our beliefs in the face of the contrary evidence
belief bias
belief perseverance
confirmation effect
confirmation bias
48
Facts that you can recall from class would be an example of:
explicit memory
implicit memory
49
This type of memory allows us to recall the exact details of a day when a shocking event occurs
Flashbulb memory
Echoic memory
Iconic memory
Working memory
50
Having trouble learning your new address after you move from your childhood home.
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference