AP HUG UNIT 4 TERMS

Example of Failed States

Consequent Boundary

Tax that is placed on foreign goods and services is a Tariff

Abrupt slopes that break up continuity of terrain

Area defined by the 66 degrees, 34 minutes north latitude line

community of people bound to a home land and possessing similar cultural and ethnic traits

collection of nation-states relinquish some sovereign rights to larger-scale body that exercises authority over members

A territory surrounded by a country but not ruled by it

Boundaries that exist within a country that divide it into states, provinces, or regions

economic and political strategies which wealthy+ powerful countries indirectly maintain/extend influence over poor areas

2 or more nations that agree to support each other in times of need or in threat of national security 

nation’s geographic boundaries exactly match the state’s territorial boundaries

A region that is constantly getting divided and conflicted over ethicity, relgion, or ideas

Choke Point Definition

The smaller areas into which a larger state is divided (e.g., states in the United States, provinces in Canada)

Acts by individuals or groups against the citizens or government of their own country

committed by government agents whose leaders ordered to murder, imprison, or force into exile perceived enemies of state

boundary line is established after the area has been settled and that considers cultural characteristics of the bound

states that have little industrial development and simple prodution sytems + low level consumption of manufactured goods

State's power to enforce its sovereignty, may extend beyond its borders and will vary country to country

the use of redistricting to give a political party an advantage

When people in society are united by culture 

A regional intergov. organization compromising 10 countries in SE Asia for economic, social, and cultural growth

A region that has some degree of freedom

multi-country agreement reduces/eliminates taxes to promote free flow of goods/ services across international borders

governance is organized spatially at the global scale.

African Union (AU)

Geographic areas that are specified to elect representatives to positions in government 

When sovereign states transfer from non-democracy to democracy 

International political body nation states establish in cooperation for mutual political, military, economic, or culture

Ethnic groups divided by 1 or more international boundaries

have the most advanced industrial and military technologies, complex manufacturing systems, high manufacturing goods

countries that are between 2 powers, are independent but politically and economically weak

A region with little to no settlement and is at the margins of state control

A state that uses a federal state of government which divides sovereignty into 2 or more parts

the state has sovereignty over any waters lying 200 miles beyond land

A political boundary that developed with the cultural landscape

Trade without tariffs and promotion of foreign investments 

When nation states and their populace give up sovereign rights to a larger group that authorizes over member states

independent political unit with centralized authority

geography of political preferences and how geography can shape voting outcomes

an electoral district  in which the majority are racial or ethnic minorities. collected through decennial US census.

clearly defined and marked lines that separate different political entities, such as countries, states, or territories.

A part of national territory that is isolated from the rest of te nation

A boundary that no longer functions as a boundary

international organization formed to manage, and discuss problems that occur with the governing of the world’s oceans. 

The transfer of power from central government to region governments 

Forcefully removing other ethnic groups from an area in order to make one area one group

The regions of the member countries in the EU that have adopted the euro as currency 

Terrorism committed by nongovernment groups that feel wronged by their government

international government that promotes interaction among Arctic states+ indigenous communities on common Arctic issues

1800s European colonizers formed trading relationships with native African chiefs.Interest in the economic possibilities

nation’s ability to determine its own statehood and form its own allegiances and government.

Small territorial nucleus from which a country grows around and from

The political claim to territory in another country based on ethnic affiliations and historic borders

Cost advantages that can come with a larger scale of operations

Delimited: having a fixed line or boundary

International organization responsible for peace,security, stable relations, international unity and unified goals. 

Autonomous region

When core states are significantly more developed than peripheral states

Borderland

The construction and improvement of basic services

When a territory breaks off from a country and joins another due to ethnicity or historical possession 

Delimited and Demarcated are the same

A state in which the government no longer has control because of severe decrease in political and economic stability 

Planned violence against civilians and targets for a cause, intimidation or persuasion of a  population, or change gov.

Cracking: concentrating votes across districts to prevent them from district majority in all districts but one

body of 538 electors in the US; a majority of 270 electoral votes required to elect president

Possess utmost authority over the land and the people that live on that land

An approach to dividing and creating boundaries at the midpoint between two places

International organization responsible for the response to threat of climate change and global warming by its members

Allegiance

treaties or agreements between groups that forbid military installation, activities, or personnel

Use of symbols or forms associated with a nation, country, and its citizens

is the sense of belonging to and self-identifying with a national culture

Physical signs of a boundary line on the earth's surface. Ex. Wall, Fence

when the nation is defined by ethnicity, usually minority groups

A defined and identified boundary that was already decided before people settled in the region 

A nominally independent country that is politically, militarily, and economically controlled by a more powerful state

A narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water

Form of government that unites independent states for a common goal or purpose