Finals Study Guide

Question 1

What is the normal range for serum amylase levels ?

Accepted Answer

40-140

Question 2

How should the nurse position a patient with a trach ?

Accepted Answer

Semi-fowlers

Question 3

What bilirubin level would indicate jaundice?

Accepted Answer

>2mg/dL

Question 4

A post-op patient is complaining of severe chest pain,SOB, and has dec breath sounds. What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

Notify the physician immediately

Question 5

A patient with chronic pancreatitis is expressing concern about his weight loss. How should the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

“Weight loss is a common side effect associated with chronic pancreatitis”

Question 6

A patient with hypothyroidism may experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain, cold intolerance, and fatigue

Question 7

A patient with a history of nosebleeds presents with epistaxis. Which action should the nurse perform first?

Accepted Answer

Pinch the soft portion of the nose and lean forward.

Question 8

Which of the following is the most common pathogen associated with CAP?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Question 9

Which of the following disorders requires a NPO diet?

Accepted Answer

Acute pancreatitis

Question 10

What is the diet recommended for people with gallbladder disease ?

Accepted Answer

NG or NPO to soft, low-fat, high carb

Question 11

Determine the disorder associated with the following lab values: pH - 7.5 , CO2 - 37 , HCO3 - 24 .

Accepted Answer

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 12

What is the enzyme that typically causes acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Trypsin

Question 13

A blood pressure reading of 150/95 mmHg indicates:

Accepted Answer

Stage 2 hypertension

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver

Accepted Answer

Storing plasma

Question 15

Which of the following lifestyle changes can help lower blood pressure in a patient with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Reducing alcohol consumption

Question 16

What is a hallmark symptom of laryngeal cancer?

Accepted Answer

Persistent hoarseness or raspy voice.

Question 17

Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat nausea in post-operative patients?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron

Question 18

What is the nurse’s priority action when a patient presents with acute chest pain?

Accepted Answer

Administer oxygen to ensure adequate oxygenation

Question 19

A patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) should be advised to follow which of the following dietary recommendations?

Accepted Answer

Low-fat, low-sodium diet

Question 20

A patient presents with epistaxis that hasn’t stopped after 10 minutes of pinching their nose. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Phenylephrine spray & prepare to cauterize or pack.

Question 21

Which of the following non-pharmacologic interventions can help relieve nausea in post-operative patients?

Accepted Answer

Using cool compresses on the forehead or back of the neck

Question 22

Which of the following is an important consideration for positioning a patient post-thoracic surgery?

Accepted Answer

Position the patient on the unaffected side to facilitate breathing.

Question 23

A pneumonia pt has dyspnea. During auscultation, the nurse hears a pleural rub. What is the best nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Splint the chest with a pillow.

Question 24

What is the first action for a patient experiencing epistaxis?

Accepted Answer

Pinch the soft portion of the nose for 10 minutes

Question 25

Which condition is characterized by thick, purulent secretions in the pleural space?

Accepted Answer

Empyema

Question 26

In GERD, which part of system is incompetent?

Accepted Answer

Lower esophageal sphincter

Question 27

Which surgical wound complication manifests as a protrusion of organ from site?

Accepted Answer

Evisceration

Question 28

What is the primary goal for a patient with ARDS on mechanical ventilation?

Accepted Answer

Prevent further lung injury and optimize oxygenation.

Question 29

After a total laryngectomy, which of the following interventions is most appropriate to support communication?

Accepted Answer

Provide a whiteboard or speech-generating device.

Question 30

A patient with a new tracheostomy has thick secretions and difficulty communicating. What should the nurse prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Position in Semi-Fowler’s and suction trach

Question 31

Which respiratory condition is characterized by severe hypoxemia unresponsive to oxygen therapy?

Accepted Answer

ARDS

Question 32

Which of the following is essential for maintaining a sterile field during surgery?

Accepted Answer

The sterile field should be kept at waist height.

Question 33

A patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) should be advised to follow which of the following dietary recommendations?

Accepted Answer

Low-fat, low-sodium diet

Question 34

For a patient who has undergone abdominal surgery, the most appropriate post-operative position is:

Accepted Answer

Semi-Fowler’s

Question 35

Which of the following medications would NOT be recommended to treat acute pancreatitis ?

Accepted Answer

Zantac

Question 36

A patient with liver disease develops ascites and reports inc abdominal girth. What dietary guide should be ordered

Accepted Answer

low sodium, high calorie

Question 37

A patient with pleurisy reports pain when coughing. What is the best nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Splint ribcage with pillows or blankets

Question 38

A patient with pneumonia develops dyspnea and diminished breath sounds. What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

Place the patient in a high-Fowler’s position.*

Question 39

What are the amylase rich sacs associated with chronic pancreatitis called ?

Accepted Answer

pseudocysts

Question 40

The nurse knows the goal of intravenous vasodilator therapy for a hypertensive emergency would be which outcome?

Accepted Answer

Decrease systolic by 25% in first hour.

Question 41

A patient has ARDS. Despite high oxygen settings on the vent, their O2 sat remains low. What should the nurse prioritize

Accepted Answer

Position the patient prone.

Question 42

Which of the following statements about informed consent is true?

Accepted Answer

The patient can withdraw consent at any time without consequence

Question 43

A nurse notices continuous bubbling in a chest tube’s water seal chamber. What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

Assess for air leaks

Question 44

What is steatorrhea ?

Accepted Answer

Fatty stool

Question 45

What action should the nurse take if a post-operative wound is found to be eviscerated?

Accepted Answer

Reposition the patient and apply a sterile dressing soaked in saline

Question 46

Which disorder is steatorrhea associated with ?

Accepted Answer

Chronic pancreatitis

Question 47

What is the first sign of wound infection?

Accepted Answer

Redness and warmth at the wound site

Question 48

Which of the following is the most common complication of CAD?

Accepted Answer

Myocardial infarction

Question 49

What is the primary function of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Storing bile

Question 50

What symptom is most indicative of a pleural effusion?

Accepted Answer

Dullness on percussion over the affected area.

Question 51

What should labs look like for a patient with metabolic acidosis?

Accepted Answer

pH - 7.1, CO2 - 37, HCO3 - 21

Question 52

What should be priority treatment for a patient recently diagnosed with IBS?

Accepted Answer

Identify triggers

Question 53

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy exhibits confusion and tremors. What medication should the nurse anticipate giving

Accepted Answer

Lactulose

Question 54

A patient recovering from gallbladder surgery asks, “When can I eat normal again?”. What is the best response from nurse

Accepted Answer

You’ll need to be on soft low-fat until bowel sounds return.

Question 55

Which of the following would most likely indicate acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Accepted Answer

Sudden, severe chest pain radiating to left arm & sweating

Question 56

Which of the following should be the nurse’s first priority when assessing a patient after surgery?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory status

Question 57

What is the primary method for preventing surgical site infections?

Accepted Answer

Cleaning the skin with antiseptic solutions before surgery

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of obtaining informed consent from a patient before a surgical procedure?

Accepted Answer

Verify the patient understands the risks, benefits, and alternatives

Question 59

A patient with chronic pancreatitis reports steatorrhea and weight loss. What treatment should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme replacement therapy to aid digestion.

Finals Study Guide

Questions 59

Finals Study Guide

Questions 59