Why did President Hoover respond cautiously to the Great Depression?

He thought that the business cycle would correct itself.

During the Great Depression, the unemployment rate among African Americans was

nearly double the national rate.

What were the goals of the New Deal?

provide relief, recovery, and reform

What was the purpose of FDR's "fireside chats?"

Restore Americans' confidence during economic trouble.

The New Deal Coalition was a strong political force that

gave Democrats a majority in both houses of Congress for many years.

The Wagner Act recognized the right of employees to do what?

Join labor unions and use collective bargaining.

Which opponent of the New Deal believed that the program didn't help poor Americans and what program did he propose?

Senator Huey Long proposed tax program for wealthy and corporations

Why did support for New Deal art programs decline?

Some members of Congress thought artists promoted radical values/communism.

What was a significant flaw of the Social Security Act?

It did not apply to domestics or farmworkers at first.

What event occurred on Black Tuesday?

Investors sold more than 16 mil shares of stock, crashing the stock market.

Why did Americans enjoy escapist films in the 1930s?

Movies provided relief from the everyday problems of the Great Depression.

What event happened when the veteran groups marched in protest on Washington, D.C.?

Federal troops used tear-gas and many of the vets injured and few died.

How did the uneven distribution of the nation’s wealth lead to the depression?

Wealthy people grew wealthier but didn't spend enough.

Both African Americans and Mexican Americans had an especially difficult time during the Great Depression because they

faced discrimination when competing w/ white Americans for a limited jobs.

What was the chief complaint of conservatives against the New Deal?

It made the government too powerful

Which of these factors helped hide economic problems in the 1920s?

Americans purchased many consumer goods on credit.

Why were banks one of the first institutions to feel the effects of the stock market crash?

People began to lose confidence in the economy.

Why did many Americans decide that the country needed new leadership in 1932?

Hoover’s volunteerism and trickle-down economic policies had failed.

The Federal Art Project set a precedent for

federal funding of the arts and artists.

How did the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) help farmers?

It sought to end overproduction and raise crop prices.

During the 1930s, the Bureau of Indian Affairs...

allowed Native Americans to follow their traditional religions and customs.

Eleanor Roosevelt showed her support of minorities when she

sat with black delegates at a conference.

How did farmers contribute to the problems that led to the Dust Bowl?

By using intensive farming practices that removed protective grasses.

What caused Republicans to gain power in Congress in 1938?

The economy took a downturn and wiped out much of FDR’s progress.

Why did the Bonus Army march on Washington, D.C.?

Hoover vetoed a bill providing for early payment of WWI veteran bonuses.

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Unit 8 & 9

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Questions 43

Answers

1
Why did President Hoover respond cautiously to the Great Depression?
He did not have any experience with business methods and economic theory.
He believed that the federal government needed to take an active approach.
He was distracted by the giant dust storms in the Great Plains.
He thought that the business cycle would correct itself.
2
Dust Bowl refugees who moved westward to find work
Hoover
Collective bargaining
Business cycle
Okies
3
During the Great Depression, the unemployment rate among African Americans was
nearly double the national rate.
slightly higher than the national rate.
slightly lower than the national rate.
about the same as the national rate.
4
What were the goals of the New Deal?
provide relief, recovery, and reform
increase spending on defense and trade
create schools and protect farmers
reform the government and decrease spending
5
What was the purpose of FDR's "fireside chats?"
Provide an entertaining radio program.
Restore Americans' confidence during economic trouble.
Increase the power of the Supreme Court.
Encourage citizens to report communist activity.
6
The New Deal Coalition was a strong political force that
gave Democrats a majority in both houses of Congress for many years.
brought wealthy people more power in the federal government.
prevented Native Americans from voting in elections.
encouraged African Americans to vote for Republicans.
7
What was one way Americans escaped their concerns during the 1930s?
By following the stock market.
By avoiding watching news on TV.
By going to movie theaters.
By living in the country.
8
allowed union members to negotiate about hours and wages
Business cycle
Collective bargaining
Collective reasoning
Bonus given by union leaders
9
The Wagner Act recognized the right of employees to do what?
Work in a smoke-free environment.
Receive overtime pay.
Earn a minimum wage.
Join labor unions and use collective bargaining.
10
World War I veterans who marched to demand payment of money promised by Congress
Huey Long
Speculation
Bonus Army
Okies
11
The Rural Electrification Administration (REA) provided electricity to whom?
Farmers
The elderly
Minorities
The unemployed
12
member of the Black Cabinet and first African American woman to head a federal agency
Janet Jackson
Mary Ann Lee
Rosa Parks
Mary McLeod Bethune
13
Which opponent of the New Deal believed that the program didn't help poor Americans and what program did he propose?
Senator Huey Long proposed tax program for wealthy and corporations
Hoover suggested Roosevelt promote a spirit of liberty to help Americans.
Father Coughlin believed Roosevelt should do more to increase the economy.
Townsend offering aid to older Americans devastated by the depression.
14
Why did support for New Deal art programs decline?
Some members of Congress thought artists promoted radical values/communism.
Americans became upset with stories and paintings of the working class.
Many Americans thought federal funds should be spent on other programs.
Too many artists’ works were censored for the programs to survive.
15
Louisiana Senator who opposed the New Deal
Jay Lee
Huey Long
Hoover
Marie Ann Long
16
writer of The Grapes of Wrath
John Steinbeck
Abigale Hoover
Steve Johnson
Rachel Hunter
17
president when the stock market crashed
Clinton
FDR
Obama
Hoover
18
What was a significant flaw of the Social Security Act?
It paid widowers smaller benefits than it did widows.
It didn’t offer insurance for victims of work-related accidents.
It did not offer a pension system for the elderly.
It did not apply to domestics or farmworkers at first.
19
What event occurred on Black Tuesday?
Germany stopped reparation payments to the United States.
Unemployment reached its highest level of nearly 25 percent.
Investors sold more than 16 mil shares of stock, crashing the stock market.
The Federal Reserve lowered interest rates.
20
Why did Americans enjoy escapist films in the 1930s?
Many films reflected the public’s distrust of big business and government.
People were bored with radio entertainment.
Movies provided relief from the everyday problems of the Great Depression.
Escapist films reflected the world in a realistic way.
21
What event happened when the veteran groups marched in protest on Washington, D.C.?
Congress ordered Hoover to use federal troops to remove the protesters.
200 protesters peacefully occupied empty government buildings.
Federal troops used tear-gas and many of the vets injured and few died.
Dwight Eisenhower and George Patton agreed to use force.
22
How did the uneven distribution of the nation’s wealth lead to the depression?
Middle class people grew wealthier and did not spend their money.
Wealthy people grew wealthier but didn't spend enough.
Farmers had surpluses of crops but demand for them decreased drastically.
23
Both African Americans and Mexican Americans had an especially difficult time during the Great Depression because they
fight repatriation efforts by local, and federal government officials.
were forced to migrate from the South to find work in northern cities.
faced discrimination when competing w/ white Americans for a limited jobs.
had little community and family support upon which to rely.
24
What was the chief complaint of conservatives against the New Deal?
It made the government too powerful
It was concerned only with saving the banking system
It promoted free enterprise and individualism
It brought changes that were too radical for most Americans
25
Which of these factors helped hide economic problems in the 1920s?
Americans purchased many consumer goods on credit.
Wages increased at the same pace as worker productivity.
Investors lost confidence in the market.
Farmers sold crop surpluses to pay off their debts.
26
To how many terms was Roosevelt elected to serve as president?
1
2
3
4
27
Why were banks one of the first institutions to feel the effects of the stock market crash?
After the stock market crash, people went to banks to secure their money.
The Federal Reserve increased interest rates to stimulate economic growth.
Banks gave too many loans, so there was a great deal of money.
People began to lose confidence in the economy.
28
What radio drama was so realistic that some people thought aliens were invading Earth?
“War of the Worlds”
The Grapes of Wrath
The Wizard of Oz
“Mr. Smith Goes to Washington”
29
Why did Roosevelt create the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)?
to give banks a chance to get organized.
To ensure bank deposits.
To regulate the stock market.
To pay farmers to destroy their livestock.
30
Why did many Americans decide that the country needed new leadership in 1932?
Hoover’s volunteerism and trickle-down economic policies had failed.
Prices for farm products were rising again.
Congress had passed a bill to pay World War I veterans their bonuses early.
FDR failed the American people.
31
The Federal Art Project set a precedent for
increased government support of radicals.
realistically showing living conditions on farms.
free theater performances for the public.
federal funding of the arts and artists.
32
How did the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) help farmers?
It attracted industry with the promise of cheap power.
It created jobs for over 2 million U.S. citizens.
It regulated the stock market and made investments safer.
It sought to end overproduction and raise crop prices.
33
risky stock purchases made by investors with the hope of high returns
Business Cycle
Money laundering
Speculation
Unions
34
During the 1930s, the Bureau of Indian Affairs...
denied Native Americans the right to vote.
encouraged Native Americans to herd sheep on the Colorado Plateau.
passed laws that took all land away from Native Americans.
allowed Native Americans to follow their traditional religions and customs.
35
Eleanor Roosevelt showed her support of minorities when she
wrote a weekly newspaper column.
appointed herself as Secretary of Labor.
established a minimum wage.
sat with black delegates at a conference.
36
How did farmers contribute to the problems that led to the Dust Bowl?
By moving off of the plains to find new farmland.
By damming western rivers and using irrigation techniques.
By using intensive farming practices that removed protective grasses.
By putting down new layers of topsoil.
37
Members of the _________ participated in a sit-down strike until General Motors agreed to recognize them as a union.
REA
UAW
NLRB
WPA
38
What caused Republicans to gain power in Congress in 1938?
Southern Democrats became supporters of the New Deal.
The Supreme Court started approving New Deal programs.
The economy took a downturn and wiped out much of FDR’s progress.
Unemployment went down from 14 percent to 10 percent.
39
What did President Roosevelt introduce to help retirees?
Second New Deal
Social Security Act
Fair Labor Standards Act
Works Progress Administration
40
Which group experienced an EARLY depression in the 1920s?
Store owners
Stock market investors
Farmers
Industrial workers
41
the periodic expansion and contraction of the economy
Speculation
Collective bargaining
Business Cycle
Bonus
42
Why did the Bonus Army march on Washington, D.C.?
The Federal Reserve refused to pay veterans their bonuses.
General MacArthur attacked protesters demanding their bonuses.
Hoover vetoed a bill providing for early payment of WWI veteran bonuses.
Congress passed a bill promising to pay veterans their bonuses in 1945.
43
Some conservative opponents of the New Deal believed that it
harmed homeowners.
threatened individual freedom.
benefited only the banking industry.
gave too much power to the people.

Unit 8 & 9 Flashcards | StudBud