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Evolution Unit (HB) Flashcards | StudBud
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Evolution Unit (HB)
Evolution Unit (HB)
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1
Two species that sometimes mate and produce vigorous but sterile offspring are affected by
gametic isolation.
hybrid breakdown.
reduced hybrid fertility.
reduced hybrid vitality.
2
What was the prevailing belief prior to the time of Lyell and Darwin?
Earth is millions of years old; populations gradually change
Earth is millions of years old; populations rapidly change.
Earth is few thousand years old; populations are unchanging
Earth is millions of years old; populations are unchanging.
3
What is an example of habitat isolation?
One group of frogs prefers land and another prefers water.
Two groups of frogs look different.
Two groups of frogs live on different continents.
Two groups of frogs don't like each other.
4
Convergent evolution
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
5
What is gametic isolation?
The sperm is not released
The egg is not healthy enough to support life
The sperm and egg can not fuse
The egg is not released
6
Where would flowers have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 1
Box 3
Box 4
Box 2
7
Under the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that
live together and carry out identical ecological roles.
have the potential to interbreed and produce offspring.
share a recent common ancestor
are physically similar
8
The Monterey pine releases pollen in February, while the Bishop's pine does so in April.
Mechanical
Temporal
Behavioral
Gametic
9
Polyploidy is most often observed in
animals
plants
bacteria
any of these
10
The emergence of a new plant species over a brief period of time followed by a long period of little change is called?
The gradual model of speciation
Adaptive radiation
Punctuated equilibrium
Allopatric speciation
11
A common ancestor for both species C and E could be at position number
2
4
3
1
12
What is sympatric speciation?
Speciation across 2 countries
Speciation within the same area
Speciation in different environments
13
Example of sympatric speciation.
2 fish in a single lake evolve from 1 ancestor.
Stream diversion divides turtle into 2 species.
Artificial selection by humans for certain breeds.
Forest fragmentation isolates 2 species of mice.
14
How has Darwin's work on evolution held up over time in the scientific world?
disproved completely
accepted w/ no alteration based on technological growth
forgotten with the findings of modern research on genetics
generally supported and form the foundation for modern ideas
15
Where would chloroplasts have evolved on the cladogram?
None of the Above
Box 1
Box 3
Box 2
16
According to the phylogenetic tree, which organisms are least related to each other?
Insecta and Myriapoda
Insecta and Crustacea
Trilobita and Insecta
Trilobita and Chelicerata
17
Gametic?
prezygotic
postzygotic
18
Human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones This vocab word is
homologous
humans, bats, and dolphins share a common ancestor
A and C
convergent evolution
19
Allopatric speciation is:
when a population is separated due to genetic divergence
when a population is separated by a physical boundary
none of these
when a population is separated due to gametic isolation
20
Which of these illustrates the correct representation of the binomial scientific name for the African lion?
Panthera leo
Panthera Leo
panthera leo
panthera leo
21
Gene flow describes the...
Exchange of genes during recombination
Movement of genes from one population to another
Movement of genes from one generation to the next
Movement of genes within a population due to interbreeding
22
Which organism is considered the outgroup?
Camel
Hippo
Cow
Whale
23
What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
Population
Ecosystem
Organ
Molecule
24
If two modern organisms are closely related in an evolutionary sense, then one should expect that
they likely live in drastically different habitats
they likely didn't share a common ancestor
their chromosomes should be drastically different
they should share more homologous structures than 2 more distantly related
25
The ultimate source of all new alleles is
any form of mutation, regardless of the cell type.
genetic drift.
chromosomal duplication.
mutation in cells that produce gametes
26
The core theme of biology, which explains both the unity and diversity of life, is
metabolism.
genetics.
evolution.
ecology.
27
Definition of Stabilizing Selection
Individuals at both ends of the bell curve are selected for
Individuals at one end of the bell curve are selected for
Tall Selection
Individuals at the middle of the bell curve are selected for
28
The two extant (living) species that are most closely related to each other are
B and C
D and E
A and B
C and D
29
Where would seeds have evolved on the cladogram?
Box 1
Box 3
Box 4
Box 2
30
Systematics, or phylogeny is
Another way of saying "Taxonomy"
governed by the international "All Species Inventory"
scientific naming
The study of the evolutionary history of organisms
31
Reduced hybrid viability?
prezygotic
postzygotic
32
Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called
gene flow
bottleneck effect
gene flow
founder's effect
33
Natural selection increases the frequency of:
Characteristics that make individuals better adapted
Change within a species
Characteristics that make individuals less well adapted
Random mutations within a species
34
Which of the following best expresses the concept of natural selection?
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
A process of constant improvement, leading to perfection
Survival of the fittest
Differential reproductive success based on inherited traits
35
You have a collection of fossils. Which species concept will you have to use to classify them?
biological
morphological
ecological
phylogenetic
36
Which of the following was NOT one of Darwin’s pieces of evidence for evolution?
early development
DNA sequencing
fossils
homologous structures
37
Define allopatric speciation:
the same ancestral population evolves into separate species
a species is formed from an isolated peripheral population
a species gets separated and isolated from one another
a species is separated by an extreme change in habitat
38
What is an example of behavioral isolation?
Two groups of birds breed at different times of the day.
Two groups of birds have different mating "dances", so they don't mate
Two groups of birds are in different locations, so they don't mate together
Two groups of birds are a different species, so they don't mate together
39
The emergence of many diverse species from a common ancestor that finds itself in a new environment is called
adaptive radiation.
allopatric speciation.
hybridization.
disruptive selection.
