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Biology EOC Review Units 1-4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology EOC Review Units 1-4
Biology EOC Review Units 1-4
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Biology Midterm Review (Scientific Method, Biochemistry, Cells, DNA, Mitosis)
Flashcards
55 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
metaphase
anaphase
prophase
telophase
2
The movement of solutes from areas of high concentration to low concentration is?
osmosis
diffusion
phagocytosis
endocytosis
3
Which of the following explains the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Both mitosis and meiosis create identical cells
mitosis creates genetically different cells, meiosis doesn't
mitosis creates identical cells, meiosis creates different
4
True or false: Mitosis creates 2 identical diploid cells.
True
False
5
What is the correct amino acid for the following codon in mRNA: GAA?
Ala
Gly
Arg
Glu
6
Which type of cellular respiration does not require oxygen?
anaerobic respiration
aerobic cellular respiration
7
A cell that has no membrane bound organelles and no nucleus is a __________ cell.
animal
eukaryotic
prokaryotic
plant
8
The monomer of a protein is ______________.
a fatty acid chain.
a glucose molecule.
an amino acid.
a nucleotide.
9
Waters ability to stick to itself.
adhesion
cohesion
10
True or False: Meiosis creates 4 genetically different haploid cells.
True
False
11
Osmosis is the diffusion of ___________ from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
nutrients
DNA
enzymes
water
12
Cells that have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles are __________.
Nonexistent
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Bacteria
13
Which of the following process is shown by the illustration?
transcription
photosynthesis
DNA replication
Translation
14
Which of the following are organelles found in plant cells and not animal cells?
cell wall, chloroplast, large central vacuole
cell wall, chloroplast, nucleus
cell wall, chloroplast, cell membrane
cell wall, chloroplast, mitochondria
15
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. We call this process ______________.
Fermentation
Photosynthesis
Krebs Cycle
Glycolosis
16
Which of the following is how energy is released?
ATP gains a phosphate becoming ADP and releasing energy.
ATP loses a phosphate and becomes ADP releasing energy.
ADP gains a phosphate and becomes ATP creating energy
ADP loses a phosphate to become ATP releasing energy.
17
What is photosynthesis?
converting light energy into hydrogen bonds
using glucose to create chemical energy
converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose)
Converting light energy into potential energy
18
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of _____________.
oxygen
water
carbon dioxide
glucose
19
What is the complimentary DNA-GENE strand for the following: AAG CAT?
UUC GCA
TTA GCA
TTC GTA
UUC GUA
20
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
plants use CO2 and animals give off CO2
there is no connection
animals give off oxygen and plants use oxygen
plants use glucose and animals make glucose
21
I control what enters and exits the cells. I help the cell maintain homeostasis.
Nucleus
cell Membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
22
Which organelle is the site for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Golgi
ER
23
A change in base pairs of DNA is called a: (If A pairs with G instead, of T this is known as a:)
mutation
cancer
Transcription
DNA replication
24
The macromolecule that includes all sugars is ________________.
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
25
Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are types of ____________ transport.
Passive
Active
26
The variable that is changed throughout the experiment is the ______________.
Experimental Variable
Control Variable
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
27
The uncontrolled division of cells is called ________.
cancer
S-phase
mitosis
G2-phase
28
What is the correct mRNA strand for the following: AGG TCA?
ACC AGT
TCC AGT
AUU AGU
UCC AGU
29
Which of the following statements are true?
Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose
Photosynthesis releases energy as glucose.
Cellular Respiration stores energy in glucose
30
True or false: Active transport uses protein channels an passive transport does not.
True
False
31
Enzymes, hair, and nails are all examples of which type of macromolecule?
Nucleic Acids
Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids
32
The pigment found in plants that absorbs sunlight is ____________.
ribose
chlorophyll
phytochrome
carotene
33
The ___________ is a storage organelle that contains water, waste, and enzymes.
Lysosome
Vacuole
Nucleus
Ribsome
34
Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Light -> 6H2O + 6CO2
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6O2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Light
35
The stage of the cell cycle where the membrane pinches inward forming two new cells is _______.
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Telophase
Interphase
36
Which is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose + Carbon Dioxide --> Water + Oxygen + ATP
Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP --> Glucose + Oxygen
ATP + Water + Glucose --> Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP
37
Which organelle contains genetic material and is known as the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Golgi
Mitochondria
Ribosome
38
The dependent variable in an experiment is _____________________.
observed
changed
kept the same
measured/responding
39
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells have a nucleus and organelles.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
40
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ____________.
guanine
Cytosine
Uracil
Thymine
41
The organelle that is responsible for digesting waste ______________.
Ribosome
Lysosome
Golgi
Centriole
42
Passive transport does NOT require energy. True or False?
False
True
43
DNA replication produces ___ identical strands of DNA.
4
3
2
44
The macromolecules that store the most energy are _________________.
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
45
The cell cycle stage that prepares the cell for division (G1, S, G2) is _______________.
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Interphase
Mitosis
46
Energy is released from ATP when the ___________ bonds are broken.
phosphate
hydrogen
adenine
covalent
47
Which of the following organelles is NOT unique to a plant cell?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Central Vacuole
48
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Mitosis?
Anaphase
Prophase
Interphase
Metaphase
49
Active transport requires energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane. True or False?
True
False
50
The glucose molecule is organized into a 6-sided ring. Which macromolecule is this?
Nucleic Acid
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
51
Which property of water makes it a universal solvent?
cohesion
Surface tension
polarity
adhesion
52
What structures of a plant allow for gas exchange to occur?
stomata and chlorophyll
chlorophyll and chloroplast
stomata and chloroplast
stomata and guard cells
53
Transcription produces which structure?
amino acids
tRNA
DNA
mRNA
54
In RNA, A pairs with which base?
C
T
G
U
55
Enzymes function as a catalyst to _______________ chemical reactions.
no effect on reaction
speed up
slow down
