GEOL 1302 Final Exam Review

Atmospheric circulation is maintained because the planetary-scale winds split into three belts in each hemisphere.

Where does deep water form in the Northern hemisphere.

A large-scale, horizontal and frictionless wind blowing parallel to isobars with a curved path.

Large-scale systems of rotating currents

Surface ocean currents are _________, so ocean surface water mirror long-term planetary-scale atmospheric circulation.

Methane release from melting permafrost is a ______ feedback.

The atmosphere circulates because of ______ ______ within the planetary system.

Weaker trade winds lead to ___ conditions in the eastern tropical Pacific and ____ will likely to arise.

Which of the following best describes friction?

a positive feedback mechanism that accelerates melting of sea ice and amplify warming.

Relatively narrow corridors of very strong winds within the atmosphere.

Wind direction is always designated and reported as ____________________________.

Increasing methane emissions due to highertemperatures pose another positive feedback

What is the wrong description of upwelling and downwelling.

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation describes primarily _____ movement of warm surface water.

Horizontal divergence is associated with _______ air.

Air mass from east-west in North hemi mid latitude. What's the direction of the Coriolis force acting upon the air mass?

Which type of feedback is the ice-albedo feedback? 

Solar changes are _______ factors  to the Earth's climate system. 

Wind blowing from a landmass to a large body of water is called _________.

Isobars on weather maps refer to lines of constant ________.

The net radiative forcing to the present climate is _______.

Arctic amplification refers to the fact that the Arctic is warming _____ the Northern Hemisphere.

The record of atmospheric carbon dioxide from NOAA's Mauna Lao Obervatory in Hawaii

Cold front is located to _____ of the cyclone center.

The Meridional flow goes from _____ to _____.

A weak meridional component causes cold air masses to stay to the north while warm air masses remain in the south.

The world's desert are found at 30. Latitude because?

Which two convergence zones are belts of low surface air pressure?

In an anticyclone, descending air causes temperature and saturation vapor pressure to _____.

Weather systems so small they influence only a portion of a county or large city, such as thunderstorms, & sea breezes.

The albedo of snow-covered sea ice is about ___.

Isobars that join areas with the same air pressure (high pressure ridges, low pressure tough)

Where wind diverges, air descends, is compressed and warms, and the weather is generally fair and dry.

Continental or oceanic weather systems, such as extratropical cyclones, hurricanes, and air masses.

Which of the following will occur when trade winds across the tropical pacific strengthen?

How will Sea-level change when the floating ice in the ocean melts?

Weather system that covers a very small area, such as several city blocks or a small town, such as a tornado.

During neutral conditions in the tropical pacific, warmer SST is located on the ______ side of the pacific.

The change in air pressure over a distance; can occur both vertically and horizontally.

The Keeling curve shows the increasing trend of which greenhouse gas in the atmosphere?

Which type of aerosols exert an overall cooling effect on the climate? 

Surface winds in a Northern Hemisphere __________ blow clockwise and spiral outward.

Wind blowing from a large body of water toward or onto a landmass is called _______.

Which variations doesn't Milankovitch cycles include?

Surface winds in a Northern Hemisphere _________ blow counterclockwise and spiral inward

Sulfurous aerosols raise the atmosphere's albedo directly by ________ to space.

What is the primary driver of large-scale winds?

Most permafrost occurs when the mean annual air temperature is close to _____

Which two convergence zones lead to ascending air, cloud development & precipitation?

The Coriolis force arises from the rotation of Earth on its axis.

The horizontal pressure gradient force does NOT balance the Coriolis force.

Black carbon remains in the atmosphere for about a week

The biological pump in the ocean ____ CO2 in the atmosphere.

Which decay of organic matter generates methane?

The albedo of Ice-free Arctic Ocean water is about ____.

Tiny droplets of sulfuric acid and sulfate particles in the air.

Which two divergence zones are belts of high surface air pressure?

Surface wind direction crosses the isobars at about 30 degrees ___ low pressure and ______ high pressure.

The zonal flow goes from _____ to _____.

Due to the roughness of Earth's surface, friction slows the horizontal wind & shifts the wind direction ______.

Aerosols that enter the atmosphere as soot; strongly absorbs solar radiation, causing warming.

With more sunspots, the Sun conveys more energy to Earth.

Which of the following best describe the direction of northern hemisphere jet stream?

A cutoff low or a cutoff high that prevents the usual west-to-east movement of weather systems.

In the present day volcanos affect the Earth's climate mainly through the release of _______ and ashes.

The Artic warming nearly twice as rapidly as the entire Northern Hemisphere.

The process by which microbes produce methane.

The horizontal _______ is responsible for initiating essentially all air motion.

Horizontal convergence is associated with ______ air.

What is the WRONG description of blocking pattern.