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Chapter 3: Ecology Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 3: Ecology
Chapter 3: Ecology
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1
Biogeochemical Cycling ensures that...
Human activity has no effect on elements, chemical compounds & other matter
Nutrients will be circulated throughout the biosphere.
Many nutrients will not reach toxic concentrations in the biosphere.
Living organisms will not become limited in any one nutrient.
2
A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a...
3rd Level Consumer
1st Level Consumer
2nd Level Producer
1st Level Producer
3
Which of the following is NOT a basic method used by ecologists to study the living world?
Modeling
Experimenting
Classifying
Observing
4
In which way are plants in a sunny mountain meadow & sulfur bacteria in a deep-sea volcanic vent alike?
The both produce carbon & hydrogen.
They both use photosynthesis to make their own food.
They both use chemosynthesis to produce their own food.
They both produce carbohydrates & oxygen.
5
Which of the following is NOT recycled in the biosphere?
Energy
Water
Nitrogen
Carbon
6
All of the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(an)...
Community
Ecosystem
Population
Biome
7
A mathematical formula designed to predict population fluctuations in a community could be called a(an)...
Biological System
Ecological Model
Biological Experiment
Ecological Observation
8
An organism that uses energy to produce its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an)...
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Consumer
Detritivore
9
Organisms need nutrients in order too...
Carry out nitrogen fixation.
Carry out essential life functions.
Recycle chemical compounds.
Utilize hydrogen & oxygen.
10
What is an organism that feeds only on plants called?
Carnivore
Omnivore
Detritivore
Herbivore
11
The movements of energy & nutrients through living systems are different because...
Energy flows in one direction & nutrients recycle.
Energy is limited in the biosphere & nutrients are always available.
Nutrients flow in one direction & energy recycles.
Energy forms chemical compounds & nutrients are lost as heat.
12
What animals eat both producers & consumers?
Herbivores
Chemotrophs
Autotrophs
Omnivores
13
Matter can recycle through the biosphere because...
matter is passed out of the body as waste.
biological systems use only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen & nitrogen.
matter is assembled into chemical compounds.
biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it.
14
What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
Water
Sunlight
Carbohydrates
Carbon
15
A bird stalks, kills, and then eats an insect. Based on its behavior, which ecological terms describe the bird?
Producer, Heterotroph
Autotroph, Herbivore
Herbivore, Decomposer
Carnivore, Consumer
16
Which is most likely to be a limiting nutrient in a freshwater pond?
Potassium
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Carbon
17
Which of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live?
Chemosynthetic Bacteria
Photosynthetic Bacteria
Algae
Trees
18
The combined portions of Earth in which all living things exist is called the...
Ecosystem
Biosphere
Biome
Community
19
How is carbon stored in the biosphere?
underground as fossil fuels & calcium carbonate rock
in the oceans as dissolved carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide
All of the above
20
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT...
Photosynthesis
Burning of fossil fuels
Decomposition of plants & animals.
Transpiration
21
What is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas in the air to ammonia?
Nitrogen Fixation
Excretion
Denitrification
Decomposition
22
The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called...
the condensation cycle.
evaporation.
the water cycle.
precipitation.
23
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms & between organisms & their environment is called...
Economy
Recycling
Ecology
Modeling
24
Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking down dead and decaying plants & animals are called...
Autotrophs
Omnivores
Producers
Decomposers
25
The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is...
a population
A species
A community
An ecosystem
26
Which of the following has a direct role in the nitrogen cycle?
Legumes
Decomposers
Bacteria
All of the above
27
Plants are...
Omnivores
Herbivores
Consumers
Producers
28
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the...
Organic Mass
Biomass
Energy Mass
Trophic Mass
29
What can happen after a lake receives a large input of a limiting nutrient?
The concentration of oxygen drops below the necessary level.
Algae begin to die & decomposers take over.
Nitrogen compouds are recycled.
An algal bloom occurs.
30
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by...
Bacteria
Consumers
Plants
Humans
31
Most of the energy available to a consumer trophic level is used by organisms for...
producing inorganic chemical compounds.
Performing photosynthesis.
transfer to the next trophic level.
respiration, movement, and reproduction.
32
10% of energy stored in an organism is passed to the next trophic level. The remaining is used in life processes and
Stored as body tissue.
Used in reproduction
Eliminated as heat.
Stored as fat.
33
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Communities make up species, which make up populations.
Species make up communities, which make up populations.
Populations make up species, which make up communities.
Species make up populations, which make up communities.
34
Which type of pyramid shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level in an ecosystem?
A numbers pyramid
A biomass pyramid.
A food pyramid
An energy pyramid
35
All the interconnected feeding relationship in an ecosystem make up a food...
Network
Web
Chain
Interaction
36
Algae, at the beginning of the food chain are...
Heterotrophs
Decomposers
Producers
Consumers
37
Which ecological inquiry method is being used when they enter an area periodically to count the pop. of certain species?
Observing
Modeling
Experimenting
Questioning
38
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy & matter within a food web?
Energy Path
Trophic Level
Food Chain
Food Pyramid
39
If a nutrient is in such short supply in an ecosystem that is affects an animal's growth, the...
ecosystem will not survive.
nutrient leaves the food chain.
animal becomes a decomposer.
substance is a limiting nutrient.
40
An organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an)...
Chemotroph
Autotroph
Producer
Heterotroph
41
The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living & nonliving factors is the...
Biosphere
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
42
The rate at which organic matter is created by producers in an ecosystem is called...
Fertilization
Primary productivity
A limiting nutrient
An algal bloom
