Increasingly, many are protesting AGAINST Columbus Day in the USA because they argue that...

Columbus lied, enslaved & killed natives, & his "discovery" was a theft.

Compared to other land-based empires, Japanese expansion between 1450-1750 relied MOSTLY on__________

Emigration and overseas economic trade.

How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?

They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away

Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746) MOSTLY reflects a syncretic blending of

Catholic Christianity and Native American culture

Below is an image of a follower of "Taki Onqoy". What would he have believed?

It was his duty to fight attempts to convert him

This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of

Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.

China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.

Generated Revenue through trade

Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the Indian Ocean?

An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns

What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?

To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.

All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade CHANGE in 1450-1750?

They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.

Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?

The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system

All of the following are true of the British E.I.C. and the Dutch V.O.C. between 1450-1750 EXCEPT:

The E.I.C. conquered the Mughals, but the V.O.C. lost Southeast Asian wars.

Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?

Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans

"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.

Created Tribute collection systems

All of the following are true, but what was a POLITICAL effect of the Reformation?

Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.

"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.

Developed military professionals.

Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations would be an example of how land-based empires_____.

Created Tribute collection systems

Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?

It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.

What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?

End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.

Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)

Peninsulare, Creole,Mestizo,Indio, Negro

How is gunpowder made?

by mixing sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal

If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show

European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe

Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of trading posts between the

Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean

All of the following statements are true. Which one could you prove with the CULTURAL evidence from the Casta painting?

Maritime empires used syncretic religions to legitimize their rule.

These two images provide evidence that after the Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica...

Mayans preserved & blended their culture into Christianity.

What was a SECURITY reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?

It wanted to stop pastoralist and Muslim expansion.

What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?

An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.

After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?

It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.

What was the ECONOMIC EFFECT of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?

Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.

Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?

It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.

The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?

The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.

This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...

navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires, maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade, just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons, empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule

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APWH Modern Unit 3 and 4 Review (1450-1750)

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1
Increasingly, many are protesting AGAINST Columbus Day in the USA because they argue that...
Columbus was a brave Christian who diffused Western Civilization.
Columbus lied, enslaved & killed natives, & his "discovery" was a theft.
Columbus was a great example of Italian (Latin) migration to the U.S. of A.
C'mon, it's a day off work. What's the problem?
2
SLAVES forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
3
Compared to other land-based empires, Japanese expansion between 1450-1750 relied MOSTLY on__________
Spreading their culture to foreign lands.
Direct military conflict with foreign empires.
Emigration and overseas economic trade.
The imposition of their feudal system on others.
4
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
5
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746) MOSTLY reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
6
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
A) Qing Empire
7
Below is an image of a follower of "Taki Onqoy". What would he have believed?
It was his duty to convert to Catholicism
It was his duty to fight attempts to convert him
It was his duty to convert to Protestantism
8
In Isfahan, Iran. A mosque for SHIA Islam. Built by Shah Abbas in new capital city, it was the Royal Mosque.
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
9
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
10
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Byzantines
The Egyptians
The Chinese
The Romans
11
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
12
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
13
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the Indian Ocean?
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
14
In Beijing, China. Built for the "Celestial Emperor" & seat of government for 500 years. Very Confucian layout!
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
15
What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
16
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade CHANGE in 1450-1750?
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
17
The SANTERIA religion of CUBA (in the Caribbean) would have been a blend of all of these cultures EXCEPT
Native American Animism
African Yoruba Shamanism
East Asian Buddhism
Spanish Catholicism
18
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
19
All of the following are true of the British E.I.C. and the Dutch V.O.C. between 1450-1750 EXCEPT:
The E.I.C. focused on cotton trade while the V.O.C. focused on spice trade.
Both companies were a mixture of state & private investments.
The E.I.C. conquered the Mughals, but the V.O.C. lost Southeast Asian wars.
V.O.C. "fluyts" carried more cargo making them more profitable than E.I.C.
20
Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?
Food of the Americas was transported and grown in Eurasia
Eurasian animals were transported and raised in Americas
African religious and food culture came to the Americas
Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans
21
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
22
All of the images below deal MOSTLY with which time period in European history?
The Artistic Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
The Age of Exploration
23
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Roman Empire
Mongol Empire
Han Dynasty
Egyptian Empire
24
All of the following are true, but what was a POLITICAL effect of the Reformation?
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
25
Which region(s) supplied the most COTTON, SPICES, & SILK to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
26
The empire from Unit 3 that MOST threatened European culture & economy, spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Ottomans
the Safavids
the Manchu Qing
the Mughals
27
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
28
Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
29
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Cultural religious powers
Social powers
Economic powers
Technological powers
30
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
31
Which region(s) supplied the most SUGAR to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
32
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
33
Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)
Creole, Mestizo, Peninsulare, Negro, Indio
Peninsulare, Mesitzo,Creole, Negro, Indio
Indio, Creole, Peninsulare, Negro, Mestizo
Peninsulare, Creole,Mestizo,Indio, Negro
34
Below is a scene from the 30 year's war after the Reformation. This war involved fights between
Philosophes vs. Absolute Monarchs
Protestants vs. Catholics
Sunni vs. Shia
Hindus vs. Muslims
35
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Regional trade in the Americas
36
How is gunpowder made?
magic
by mixing sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal
combining salt and peppa
collecting angry sand
37
If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show
European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe
Americas goods to Africa & African slaves to Europe
European cash crops to Americas & African goods to Europe
African cash crops to Europe & Americas silver to Asia.
38
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
39
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of trading posts between the
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
40
All of the following statements are true. Which one could you prove with the CULTURAL evidence from the Casta painting?
Maritime empires used syncretic religions to legitimize their rule.
Taxation, trade, and coerced labor provided revenue for imperial expansion.
Local bureaucratic elites were recruited to maintain imperial control.
Eurasian & American foods mixed in the 'Columbian Exchange.'
41
These two images provide evidence that after the Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica...
Mayans preserved & blended their culture into Christianity.
The Mayan religion was identical to European Christianity.
Spanish settlers were able to totally convert all Mayans.
Mayans remained totally isolated from Spanish conquest.
42
What was a SECURITY reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?
It wanted to take advantage of the rich trade in fur.
It wanted to stop pastoralist and Muslim expansion.
It wanted to control sea trade in the Indian ocean.
It wanted to spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
43
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
44
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
45
Qing Dynasty defeated Ming Dynasty. What new military tech. helped them MOST both in that war and against pastoralists?
Bows and arrows
Infantry with shields and swords
Gunpowder, guns, & cannons
Horse saddles & stirrups
46
What was the ECONOMIC EFFECT of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?
Europe's manufactured goods became highly in demand by Asian consumers
Europe completely dominated all Asian markets
Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.
Europe dominated Japan's markets, but was shutout of China
47
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Islam and Confucianism
Christianity and Judaism
Hinduism and Buddhism
Hinduism and Islam
48
Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?
It was the first time Europeans reached the Western Hemisphere.
It was the first exchange of plants and animals between hemispheres.
It was the first time a European state sponsored a transoceanic voyage.
It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.
49
The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
50
In Moscow. Built by Tsar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
Spanish Empire
French Empire
Russian Empire
German Empire
51
This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...
navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires
maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade
just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons
empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule
52
Throughout the Americas, policies of the European empires were resisted by maroon societies. What were these?
Protestants & Catholics resisting religious laws.
Africans resisting slavery by running away & fighting for freedom.
Native Americans resisting land confiscation.
Merchants resisting state tariffs (taxes) on trade.
53
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
54
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages EXCEPT:
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
55
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
56
What was NOT a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
57
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
58
In Istanbul, Turkey. Mosque for SUNNI Islam. Built for Sultan Süleyman. Also a MAUSOLEUM for tombs of Sultans.
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
59
This IVORY statue from 17th century INDIA exported to PORTUGAL could be used as evidence to prove
Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods.
Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.
Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy.
India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand.
60
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could BEST be used to demonstrate that
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
61
Which region DID NOT contribute navigation technologies that 15th century Europeans relied on?
East Asia
The Americas
Middle East
South Asia
62
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
63
A Qing Dynasty Emperor (the elite of the elite) had a long day. What would have been the "cultural" part of his morning?
9:30am-11am: Meeting with officials
7am-9:30am: Reading reports from local officials about harvests, money, etc
5am-7am: Worship of ancestors & the Buddha
11am-2:30pm: Writing laws
64
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
65
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been MOST responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
66
Who discovered gunpowder/how?
by blacksmiths looking to create better metals
by religious leaders looking for a way to scare away spirits.
by alchemists trying to discover a potion of immortality
by peasants who dug it up during farming
67
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
68
The "casta system" was
a Latin American card game.
an economic system.
a racially based social hierarchy.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
69
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Encomienda System
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
70
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
71
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
72
The 'pilgrims' started a wave of British settler colonies in the Americas. What were they looking for?
They were looking to spread Catholicism.
The were looking for gold.
They were Protestants looking to flee religious violence.
They were looking for a passage to Asia.
73
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
South Asia
Middle East
China
Russia
74
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the SILVER they were mining in
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
75
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
76
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created taxation systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
77
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a SOCIAL consequence?
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
78
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
79
Which date represents the greatest SETBACK (defeat) for Ottoman expansion efforts?
1514
1676
1606
1571
80
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
81
What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?
Whole families fled religious violence in Europe to create settler colonies
The Spanish crown wanted to give equal rights to Natives and Africans.
European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families
Women increasingly asserting their desire for suffrage.
82
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
83
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was NOT an effect of this trade?
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
84
The Ming's most famous Emperor was Yongle. What were his policies in the theme of POLITICS?
He started civil service examinations to combat bureaucratic corruption.
He sent a large fleet of ships led by Admiral Zheng He to the Indian Ocean.
He had scholars do an 11 volume encylopedia of classical Chinese learning.
He rebuilt canals, bridges, & irrigation destroyed by the Mongols.
85
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church EXCEPT
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
86
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
87
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
encomienda
mit'a
indentured servitude
chattel slavery
88
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
89
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
90
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites

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