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Duplicate of Biology EOC Review
Duplicate of Biology EOC Review
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A review for the Washington state Biology end of course exam.
Flashcards
73 cards
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Questions
73
Answers
1
In a molecule of DNA, what bonds with guanine?
thymine
uracil
adenine
cytosine
2
How can you tell if a cell is a prokaryote?
no DNA
no nucleus
no cell membrane
no ribosome
3
If the earth runs out of carbon, what will happen?
any of these
it should never run out since it is recycled
when the sun shines we will get more
we can make more in a laboratory
4
Why do living things need nitrogen?
to make enzymes
to make sugar
to make DNA and proteins
for energy
5
How/When do sex cells (gametes) become regular cells again?
fertilization
meiosis
birth of a baby
mitosis
6
Diffusion that uses a membrane protein is called
simple diffusion
active transport
facilitated diffusion
7
Where in the cell does transcription take place?
ribosome
nucleus
cytoplasm
ER
8
The movement of a material from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration is
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
equilibrium
9
How many copies of each chromosome do human (and other animals) have in body cells?
2
1
4
23
10
During an experiment what can you do to make it more reliable?
repeat it or have many trials
have one more controlled variable
use better equipment
11
What kind of cell is this picture?
eukaryote
prokaryote
12
What does haploid (N) mean?
a cell with the regular amount of chromosomes
all of these
a cell with only one half the regular amount of chromsomes
a cell that is half the regular size
13
What is the job of the cell membrane?
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
control what materials can enter and leave the cell
provide structure and support for plants
14
What gas do plants give off as a waste product?
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
sugar
15
Why do we need to digest food?
all of these
we need raw materials like amino acids
we need to convert the energy in food into ATP
we need to get nutrients like vitamins
16
What are the building blocks of DNA?
proteins
fatty acids
amino acids
nucleotides
17
Why do we need nitrogen?
so that we can have energy
so that we can make proteins
so that we can make hormones
18
Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?
chloroplast
cell membrane
cytoplasm
mitochondria
19
Where are chromosomes located?
in ribosome
in cytoplasm
in nucleus
anywhere
20
This cell part has 2 layers of phosholipids with proteins spread throughout- what is it?
mitochondria
cell membrane
Golgi
cell wall
21
What is osmosis?
diffusion of sugar
diffusion of water
active tranport of water
22
How does carbon move through the ecosystem?
cellular respiration
all of these
photosynthesis
decomposition
23
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water + light yields oxygen + glucose
carbon dioxide + water+ light yields glucose + water
24
In a molecule of DNA, which nucleotide bonds with adenine?
uracil
cytosine
thymine
guanine
25
When the results of a process PROMOTE the process this is called
negative feedback
positive feedback
26
What is cellular respiration?
process in which cells convert energy into a usable form
process in which light is converted into sugar
breathing by cells
27
What do chloroplasts and mitochondria have IN COMMON?
they both do photosynthesis
they are both found in animal cells
they both convert energy
28
What happens during transciption (of protein synthesis)?
mRNA is formed by copying DNA
mRNA is formed by the ribosome
tRNA is made by copying the DNA
mRNA leaves the nucleus to make a protein
29
What are the products of photosynthesis?
oxygen and water
oxygen and glucose
carbon dioxide and oxygen
light and sugar
30
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, rRNA, uracil
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
mRNA, uracil, jRNA
mRNA, hRNA, tRNA
31
What is the central dogma of biology?
all cells contain DNA
our traits are determined by the proteins we make
all traits come from our parents
all living things are made of cells
32
What type of cell is this?
prokaryotic
bacteria
eukaryotic
plant
33
What gas do plants take in from the air so that they can do photosynthesis?
glucose
oxygen
water
carbon dioxide
34
What is Mrs. Brogan's favorite law of nature?
matter cannot be created or destroyed
energy cannot be created or destroyed
cell theory
evolution theory
35
What is the second step of protein synthesis?
translation
transcription
ribosome formation
nuclear division
36
Population grows. People start dying of starvation, now there's more food people stop dying.
This is an example of positive feedback.
This is an example of negative feedback.
37
What does autotroph mean?
all of these
an organism that converts energy
an organism that must eat food
an organism that converts sunlight into sugar
38
Where in the cell does translation take place?
ribosome
nucleus
ER
Golgi
39
What happens during meiosis?
a cell divides twice to produce 4 unique cells
eggs and sperm are formed
all of these
gametes are formed
40
Student doesn't exercise, student gains weight. Student can't exercise because of extra weight
This is an example of positive feedback
This is an example of negative feedback
41
What are two factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis?
temperature and oxygen
sunlight and temperature
amount of oxygen in air
amount of sunlight available
42
The variable in an experiment that is deliberately changed by the scientist is called
dependant (responding) variable
independent (manipulated) variable
Controlled variable(s)
43
How are chloroplasts and mitochodria different?
chloroplasts are found in plant cells
chloroplasts are found in animal cells
44
What type of chemical energy do cells use?
ATP
glucose
food
oxygen
45
What does diploid (2N) mean?
has 2 copies of each chromosome
only has one copy of each chromosome
46
What is the main difference between active and passive transport?
passive transport uses energy
passive tranport only happens in plants
active tranport only happens in plants
active transport uses energy
47
What cell part makes proteins?
mitochondria
Cell membrane
Lysosome
Ribosome
48
What are proteins made from?
nucleotides
fatty acids
amino acids
glucose
49
This molecule stores and transmits genetic information
DNA
amino acids
proteins
lipids
50
What are the differences between a plant cell and an animal cell?
animal cells have mitochondria and ribosomes
plant cells are bigger
animal cells are bigger
plants have chloroplasts and a cell wall
51
What happens during mitosis?
a cell divides to make 2 unique cells
a cell divides and makes 2 cells that are identical
a cell divides twice to make eggs or sperm
52
What are chromosomes?
pieces of protein
pieces of DNA
pieces of RNA
53
Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?
nucleus
cell membrane
mitochondria
chloroplast
54
What is ATP?
energy for plants
energy for animals
energy for all organisms
food
55
How is information stored in a molecule of DNA?
the order of the sugars and phosphates
the order of the nucleotides
magic!
the amino acids
56
What is the job of the nucleus?
transport materials
cellular respiration
control cell activities
photosynthesis
57
How do plants get nitrogen?
from soil after bacteria have fixed it
from air after bacteria have fixed it
from photosynthesis
58
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
nuclear division
mRNA
transcription
translation
59
Why do cells need to replicate their DNA before mitosis?
so that each cell will have two copies
so that each cell will get a complete copy
so that each cell will have 30 chromosomes
60
Goldfish body cells have 92 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would a goldfish sperm cell have?
23
46
184
92
61
What is the function of the cell wall?
controls what enters and leaves the cell
control cell activities
provide structure and support for plants
make the cell reproduce
62
What are the requirements for photosynthesis?
light, oxygen, and water
light, carbon dioxide, and water
food, carbon dioxide, and water
food, sugar, and light
63
What does the word heterotroph mean?
an organism that has DNA
an organism that is haploid
something that must do photosynthesis
an organism that must eat food
64
What is a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA has 2 strands, RNA is one strand
RNA can leave the nucleus
all of these
in DNA there is no U
65
How are burning a piece of wood and cellular respiration the same?
they both need fuel
they both convert energy into other forms including heat
all of these
they both need oxygen
66
When the results of a process stop the process this is called
negative feedback
positive feedback
67
How do you tell a eukaryote from a prokaryote?
eukaryote has a cell membrane
prokaryote has a nucleus
prokaryote has a cell membrane
eukaryote has a nucleus
68
What happens during translation (of protein synthesis)?
tRNA is read to make a protein
mRNA goes to the ER
mRNA is made from DNA
mRNA is read as codons to put amino acids together
69
Which type of variable is not changed during the experiment?
responding
controlled
manipulated
70
What organism is responcible for nitrogen fixation?
viruses
bacteria
fungi
71
The variable in an experiment that is measured is called the
controlled (kept the same) variable
dependent (responding) variable
independant (manipulated) variable
72
What are carbohydrates made from?
lipids
polypeptides
simple sugars like glucose
amino acids
73
What is bioaccumulation?
when a poison accumulates in the body of an organism
when a poison accumulates at higher trophic levels
both of these
