"Means of production" differ from "relations of production" because they refer to...

Tools, land, and labor used in production

Leaving a plot fallow is meant to...

Restore ecological fertility after cultivation

Unilineal descent traces lineage through...

A single parent consistently across generations

Fathers in Trobriand society contribute to child development primarily through...

Contributing food and affection

Trobriand matrilineages and matriclans function to...

Define marriage eligibility and land inheritance through maternal lines

Age grades and age sets among the Masai serve to...

Organize social roles and reponsibilities

The Nuer segmentary lineage systems functions as...

A flexible political organization based on kin groups

Industrial production transforms human labor through...

Mechanization and surplus extraction

The arket principle is unique in that it...

Functions via impersonal supply-demand forces

Holism in anthropology refers to...

Viewing culture as interconnected

Sociopolitical organization refers to...

The way societies organize power and authority

Bilateral descent means...

Kinship is traced equally through both parents

Social expectations assigned based on perceived gender

The Samoan Fa'afafine are recognized as...

A third gender category accepted in Samoan society

A nuclear family includes...

Parents and their children living together

Trobrianders view conception as...

A spirit child entering the womb

Authority is best defined as...

The ability to command backed by legitimacy

What shows diversity in the logic behind kinship ties?

Descent rules vary, shaping obligations and inheritance patterns

The kula exchange is best described as...

A ceremonial system of delayed gift exchange

Redistribution differs from market exchange by...

Central collection and controlled distribution

A tribe differs from a band in that it...

Contains organized kin groups with informal leadership

A bigman in Melanesian societies gains influence by...

Accumulating and redistributing resources through skill

The moka ceremony involves...

Competitive public exchange to gain prestige

Papua New Guinea is significant in anthropology because...

It includes highly diverse societies with unique gender and exchange system

Descending generations include...

Ego's children, grandchildren, etc.

In sagali exchanges, women's wealth is...

Essential for legitimizing the redistribution of status

A hallmark of industrialism is its reliance on...

Large scale mechanization with high fossil fuel usage

Exchange systems in anthropology include...

Market, reciprocity, and redistribution

A kindred is defined as...

Ego-centered network of bilateral, affinal and fictive kin

Polyandry is practiced most often when...

Land fragmentation is a concern

A patriclan is based on...

Unilineal descent through male ancestors

In a sagali, "owners" are those who...

Provide women's wealth for public redistribution

Matriliny and patriliny differ primarily in...

The line through which descent and inheritance are traced

Material conditions influence social organization when...

Ecology and economy shape kinship

A small, kin based, egalitarian group

Ascending generations include...

Ego's parents, grandparents, etc.

Trobriand sexuality is notable for...

Open courtship and pre-martial sex

Horticulturalists often emphasize...

Extensive land use with shifting plots and simple tools

The relationship between yam gardens and a sister's husband demonstrates...

Yams reinforcing affinal alliances

An extended family typically includes...

Multiple generations in one household

What do kin terms reflect most clearly?

Cultural categorizations of relatedness

Gender stratification refers to...

Unequal access to resources and status based on gender

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Anthro 2A Midterm 2

156 termsStudBud Administration5 plays

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Questions 156

Answers

1
"Means of production" differ from "relations of production" because they refer to...
The values attached to economic labor
Ownership and class status in a society
Kinship duties tied to daily work
Tools, land, and labor used in production
2
Leaving a plot fallow is meant to...
Restore ecological fertility after cultivation
Preserve land for future privatization
Enable ritual healing of land
Prevent theft
3
Unilineal descent traces lineage through...
A single parent consistently across generations
Marriage alliances
Any parent across generations, which parent depends on the generation
Ego's generation only
4
Fathers in Trobriand society contribute to child development primarily through...
Contributing food and affection
Teaching rituals and spiritual practices
Inheritance planning
Naming ceremonies
5
Trobriand matrilineages and matriclans function to...
Support bride service
Define marriage eligibility and land inheritance through maternal lines
Encourage primogeniture
Limit mobility across different social classes
6
Overgrazing in pastoral systems is problematic because...
It reduces herd fertility
It increases meat yields
It can lead to desertification
It leads to political instability
7
Sagali reinforces kinship by...
Redistributing wealth
Replacing descent lines
Avoiding reciprocity
Breaking inheritance ties
8
Age grades and age sets among the Masai serve to...
Distribute cattle and property fairly
Assign crop quotas
Tracking biological aging and lineage
Organize social roles and reponsibilities
9
The Nuer segmentary lineage systems functions as...
A rotational leadership council based on clans
A flexible political organization based on kin groups
A confederation of warriors based on tribe groups
A hierarchy of clans and castes
10
Industrial production transforms human labor through...
Mechanization and surplus extraction
Pastoral exchange networks
Elder-based decision-making
Kin based distribution
11
The arket principle is unique in that it...
Functions via impersonal supply-demand forces
Is determined by kin obligations
Emerges only in tribal societies
Prioritizes gift giving
12
In many pastoral societies, livestock provide...
Fire creation substitutes
Vehicles for travel
Social wealth
Primarily meat for rituals
13
Polygyny is best defined as...
One man having multiple wives
Same sex marriage
One marriage followed by another
A woman marrying multiple men
14
Holism in anthropology refers to...
Diving cultures into unique parts
Analyzing economic and biological systems only
Viewing culture as interconnected
Studying a society's government in isolation
15
Sociopolitical organization refers to...
The way societies organize power and authority
Ritual rules across cultures
Tribal naming conventions
How societies rank religious leaders
16
Bilateral descent means...
Aaffinal kin are the only kin excluded
Kinship is traced equally through both parents
Inheritance comes from the mother's side only
Only males are considered kin
17
Gender roles are...
Social expectations assigned based on perceived gender
Biologically fixed and unchangable
Uniform across any and all societies
Determined strictly by reproductive ability
18
The Samoan Fa'afafine are recognized as...
Warriors within Samoan society
Outcasts to the general society outside of Samoan society
A third gender category accepted in Samoan society
Elite spiritual leaders in Samoan society
19
A nuclear family includes...
Cousins and affines
Parents and their children living together
Ancestral lineages and their various lands
Any family that lives under a single roof
20
Trobrianders view conception as...
A gift from the father's lineage
A spirit child entering the womb
Dependent on yams eaten before intercourse
The union of sperm and egg
21
Authority is best defined as...
The ability to command backed by legitimacy
The ability to give ritual speech in times of need
Having a high cultural status in society
Symbolic marriage rights
22
What shows diversity in the logic behind kinship ties?
All cultures assign equal roles to affinal kin
Descent rules vary, shaping obligations and inheritance patterns
Kinship always corresponds to biology
Kinship is always traced bilaterally
23
The kula exchange is best described as...
A symbolic burial rite
A one-time transfer of land from a husband to a wife's family
A legal marriage contract
A ceremonial system of delayed gift exchange
24
Redistribution differs from market exchange by...
Central collection and controlled distribution
Involving ceremonial performance
Depending on direct bartering
Emphasizing impersonal relationships
25
A tribe differs from a band in that it...
Has permanent bureaucracies
Is strictly sedentary
Contains kin groups that lack all forms of leadership
Contains organized kin groups with informal leadership
26
A bigman in Melanesian societies gains influence by...
Accumulating and redistributing resources through skill
Commanding tribute from people in a lower class than them
Serving in a high government position
Ritual purity
27
In kinship terms, a genitor is...
A symbolic ancestor
The social father
The biological father
The ritual leader
28
Marriage can function to...
Confuse descent
Obscure allinaces
Equalize clan sizes
Create alliances
29
The moka ceremony involves...
Competitive public exchange to gain prestige
Agricultural rituals to help crop yield
Private gifting to gain personal relationships
Bridewealth negotiation
30
Papua New Guinea is significant in anthropology because...
It lacks ritual practices often found in other parts of the world
It practices state level bureaucracy
It includes highly diverse societies with unique gender and exchange system
It was the first place studied using survey research
31
Valova is most comparable to...
A bridewealth
Ritual debt
Economic exchange
Agricultural taxation
32
Descending generations include...
Ego's cousins
Ego's children, grandchildren, etc.
Ego's parents, grandparents, etc.
Ego's own generation
33
In sagali exchanges, women's wealth is...
Displayed but never actually given
Essential for legitimizing the redistribution of status
Symbolic only and has no real value attached to it
Restricted to affinal kin
34
A hallmark of industrialism is its reliance on...
Gift economies
Local food systems and kin exchange
Lineage based labor organization with minimal mechanization
Large scale mechanization with high fossil fuel usage
35
Exchange systems in anthropology include...
Redistribution and taxation only
Distribution, ritual sacrifice. and redistribution
Trade, prayer, and ritual
Market, reciprocity, and redistribution
36
A kindred is defined as...
A unilineal descent group within a single generation of Ego
Ritual elders in a society
Ego-centered network of bilateral, affinal and fictive kin
The clan of Ego's father
37
Polyandry is practiced most often when...
Land fragmentation is a concern
Women outnumber men
Population growth is encouraged
Wealth is communally owned
38
A patriclan is based on...
Matrilocal residence
Shared female ancestors
Bilateral descent through female ancestors
Unilineal descent through male ancestors
39
In a sagali, "owners" are those who...
Conduct agricultural labor
Compose songs for the recently deceased
Provide women's wealth for public redistribution
Create the banana bundles
40
Matriliny and patriliny differ primarily in...
The line through which descent and inheritance are traced
The rules associated with polygamy
Gender roles within rituals
The gender of the marriage partner
41
Monogamy refers to...
Endogamous unions
Serial marriage over time
One spouse at a time
Having multiple spouses
42
Material conditions influence social organization when...
Marriage is no longer needed
Family size is chosen at random
Markets dominate subsistence
Ecology and economy shape kinship
43
A band typically...
A market centered polity
A small, kin based, egalitarian group
A clan based agricultural system
A hierarchial unit with noble lineage
44
Ascending generations include...
Ego's children
Ego's siblings
Ego's children, grandchildren, etc.
Ego's parents, grandparents, etc.
45
Trobriand sexuality is notable for...
Late initiation of sexual activity and practicing absination young
State control over marriage
Strict monogamy
Open courtship and pre-martial sex
46
Horticulturalists often emphasize...
Mechanized irritagion and other crop harvesting methods
Pasture management
Portable gardens with minimal labor investment
Extensive land use with shifting plots and simple tools
47
The relationship between yam gardens and a sister's husband demonstrates...
Ritual obligations by chiefs
Competition among brothers
Yams reinforcing affinal alliances
Marriage avoidance rules
48
An extended family typically includes...
Multiple generations in one household
Only unmarried siblings
Corporate groups among family members
Married couples without children
49
Trobriand wealth is distinguished by...
Cattle and metals
Yams and banana leaf bundles
Gold and silk
Access to currency and riches
50
What do kin terms reflect most clearly?
Legal paternity
Cultural categorizations of relatedness
Territorial alliances and associations
Genetic relationships
51
Gender stratification refers to...
Unequal access to resources and status based on gender
Ritual status based on age
Equal power and labor division across genders
Marriage laws for different genders
52
Affinal relatives are those who are...
Related through marriage
Part of the same descent line
Raised in the same home
Related by blood
53
"Relations of production" are best illustrated by...
The legal system's control over labor
Differences between pastoral societies and horticultural societies
Power dynamics between workers and owners
Distribution networks
54
Patrilocal residence involves...
Couples living independently
Living in clan compounds
Alternating between both the husband's and wife's families
Residence with the husband's familly
55
In Nuer marriage systems, descent is...
Denied to children who are adopted
Negotiated through bridewealth
Traced only through the mother
Independent of cattle transactions
56
Wet-rice cultivation relies on...
Soil tilling using oxen
Intercropping legumes with grains
Natural fallowing
Controlled flooding and transplanting in paddies
57
Among the San, sharing is...
A strategy to ensure personal accumulation
Limited to close blood relatives
Enforced to ensure group survival
Tied to kinship debts
58
Patriarchy is best described as...
The absence of gendered roles
A system that emphasizes lineage equality
Rule or dominance by male authority figures
A society where all leaders are elders
59
In anthropology, "nature and kinship" debates often ask...
Should we use kin terms scientifically or use cultural terms instead
Is kinship outdated
Are cousins related?
Are kin ties based on biology or social construction?
60
A trend in North America has been...
Earlier marriages and larger households
Delayed marriage and raised divorce rates
Patrilineal inheritance becoming dominant
Endogamy becoming more common
61
Patrilineal descent is...
Lineage traced through the father's line
A bilateral system
Used only by nomadic societies
Based on chosen affiliation
62
San mobility is most closely related to...
Ritual pilgrimage
Avoiding intergroup conflicts
Resource distribution
Political alliance shifts
63
"Fourth World Peoples" are defined as...
Stateless conquerors
A group of nomads within nation-states
marginalized indigenous groups lacking full state recognition
Post-industrial elites who are at the top of their social hierarchy
64
Intensification occurs when...
Farmers expand territory without increasing their inputs
Groups limit cultivation
Grazing replaces farming
Increased investment yields more output per area
65
Matrilineal descent refers to...
Inheriting land and property from both parents
Tracking kin through the mother's lineage
Living in a matriarchy
Avoiding paternal cousins
66
Polygamy includes which of the following?
Only widow inheritance
Incestuous union
Matrilocal residence
Multiple marriage partners concurrently
67
Negative reciprocity is characterized by...
Attempting to profit or exploit in an exchange
Sacrificial giving
Balanced trading among kin
Delayed redistribution of traded products
68
A "role" in a sociopolitical system is:
The same as a status
The expected behaviors associated with a particular status
Only religious in scope
Based on economic class
69
Nuer kinship structures sociopolitical life by...
Limiting marriage to be between only two clans
Avoiding hierarchy
Separating politics from kinship
Using elders and sons in roles of power and reproduction
70
Exogamy is the practice of marrying...
After inheritance is granted
Outside one's social or kin group
Within your group
Only within a clan
71
A subsistence strategy is most fundamentally...
The technique used to satisfy material survival needs
The spiritual significance of food across cultures
A form of ritual ensuring harvests
A diet determined by ecological zones
72
A lineage is different from a clan in that...
It does not regulate marriage
It fully traces genealogical ties to a common ancestor
It includes unrelated affines and fictive kin
It is always larger than a clan
73
"Intersex" refers to individuals who...
Change their gender after it has been assigned at birth
Marry and produce offspring outside of their clan
Are born with biological characteristics that don't fit just male or female
Reject kinship ties
74
Social structure refers to...
Government imposed social hierarchies
The recurrent aspects of social relationships
The collective rituals of various societies
The symbolic meaning of societal roles
75
Compared to foraging, industrialism uses...
Comparable energy systems
Less energy per person
More intercropping
More energy and external inputs
76
Transgender identity refers to...
A gender identity that doesn't align with one's assigned sex at birth
Having no gender identity attached to one's self
Kinship terms related to sex or gender
Religious third-gender roles that are outside the scope of "typical"
77
Ego's own generation includes...
Same generation kin
Children
First ascending generation kin
Ancestors
78
The caste system of India enforces:
Exogamy across caste lines
Egalitarian social relations
Endogamy within caste groups
Unilineal descent
79
Class systems differ from caste in that...
They forbid economic changes
They permit mobility between ranks
They restrict marraige
The forbid movement between ranks
80
Pastoralism is most effectively practiced in...
Costal areas with lots of fishing access
Terraced mountains highly suited for large plots of farmable land
Densly forested areas with lots of water nearby
Arid environments unsuitable for full-scale agriculture
81
Authority and labor mobilization differ across leaders because...
Chiefs compel labor through force while state leaders must use politics
Bigmen must persuade while cheifs can enforce obligations
Bigmen use formal law while chiefs rely on spiritual practices
Only state leaders use kin networks
82
Primogeniture ensures...
The eldest child inherits
Land passes to the youngest child
Property becomes communal
Land is divided equally
83
Stratification is a system of...
Culturally constructed myth
Kin-based status equality
Hierarchical social ranking
Rotating social positions
84
An institution, anthropologically speaking, is best defined as:
A ritual site controlled by religious elites
A phsyical location where authority is enacted
A set of practices governed by social norms
A unit of economic production
85
The public domain in Trobriand society includes...
Public and celebratory funeral ceremonies
Men's competitive displays of wealth and exchange
Yam gardening by women
Women's ritualistic bathing practices
86
One class-based difference in industrial family forms is...
Working class families rely more on kin
Middle class families always live patrilocally
Upper-class families avoid affinal ties
Wealthy families often emphasize bilateral descent
87
Pre-industrial agriculture is distinct for its...
Centralized state management
Use of imported machinery
Emphasis on monocropping
Non dependence on mechanization
88
Political leaders in states rely on...
Ritual gift giving
Centralized institutions
Age grades
Clan lineage and consensus
89
In a supply and demand system, high demand and low supply result in...
Surplus production
Resource conservation
Stable pricing
Increased pricing
90
Reciprocity refers to...
Competitive gift giving
Mutual exchange shaped by social relationships
Transactions enforced by state law
Ritual exchanges within clans
91
Domestication involves...
Avoiding contact with wild populations
Adapting wild plants and animals for human use
Planting seeds in regulated and controlled patterns
Trading wild species for controlled ones
92
The Massim cultural region is best known for...
The kula exchange system
Nomadic herding of a wide variety of different animals
Caste-based kinship
Pastoralism
93
Dowry differs from bridewealth because...
It is only symbolic
Given by the bride's family to the groom
It's a loan
Given by the groom's family to the bride's family
94
Transhumance is a system of...
Forest clearance
Seasonal movement of herds
Settled field rotation
Urban commuting
95
A matrilineage include
Individuals descended through female links from a common female ancestor
Everyone on the father's side
Everyone on the mother's side
Individuals descended through male links from a common male ancestor
96
Terracing and irrigation technologies demonstrate...
Expansion of nomadic herding
Symbolic control of the landscape
Adaptation of agriculture to difficult terrains
Egalitarian land sharing
97
What best illustrates diversity in kinship terms cross-culturally?
Some societies group parallel cousins with siblings, others don't
Kinship terms are biological and fixed, and don't change across cultures
All cultures use the same terms for siblings
Kinship always corresponds to biology
98
"Enduring diffuse solidarity" means...
Political alliances that are based on economical terms
Households that share property
Kin ties persist through multiple roles and expectations over time
Families will work in the same industry until retirement or marriage
99
Bourdieu's economic capital refers to...
Religious and spiritual tribute
Clan gifts
Income and assets that convert to wealth
Kin-based education and knowledge
100
According to Bourdieu, cultural capital includes...
Clan rights
Agricultural land
Education
Access to livestock
101
Trobriand chiefs differ from commoners by...
Being elected democratically with a vote every 2 years
Living outside the clan
Having no marital obligations
Practicing matrilineal inheritance and polygyny
102
Ethnographic fieldwork requires...
Long term participation
Satellite imaging
Experimental testing
Phone interviews
103
Foraging societies often challenge Western assumptions about...
Class mobility
Technological innovation
Leisure and abundance
Animal domestication
104
Brother-sister avoidance in Trobriand society serves to...
Promote intimacy
Enforce marital rules and status
Reinforce the sister's role as economic partner
Prevent disease from spreading across the household
105
In Trobriand marriage systems...
Gifts are exchanged between fathers only
Marriage is confirmed through shared meals
Dowry is central to the marriage ceremony
Bridewealth is required before even courtship begins
106
Matrilateral kin are from...
Your father's side
Your mother's side
Your parallel cousins
Your spouse's descent group
107
Among San foragers, men and women contribute differently, but...
Gender roles are strictly hierarchical
Men's hunting provides the foundation of the diet
Women's gathering provides the foundation of the diet
Women's roles are undervalued
108
Pan tribal sodalites are...
Warrior clans confined to a single village
Ritual centers for different descent groups
Kin-based local institutions
Cross-cutting social groups that unite different tribes
109
A chief is distinguished from a headman by...
Holding a permenant position of power
Being a ritual leader
Having no religious authority
Leading a smaller group with minimal power
110
Achieved status refers to...
State-appointed roles
Status based on descent
Ritual titles given or assigned through birth
Social position through action/merit
111
Survey research is used in anthropology to...
Gain data from many people
Perform genealogies
Observe rituals and spiritual practices
Conduct healing ceremonies
112
The Hijra and Berdache are examples of...
Affinal kin terms
Matrilineal descent groups
Exogamous marriage partners within specific cultural contexts
Third gender or non-binary roles
113
Valova exchanges involve...
Public warfare over pricing and trade disputes
Dowry given at marriage
Barter between women using banana bundles and skirts
Men trading yams for various spices
114
Intensive agriculture is marked by...
Mobility and ecological rotation
Kin-based harvest cycles
High labor and technical inputs
Low-energy yeild
115
"Workers" in a sagali are...
Only the deceased's children
Chiefs and warriors
The people who receive and circulate gifts from owners
Political rivals of the owner
116
The "mode of production" includes...
Regional trade policies and practices
The interaction of labor, ownership, and production
The sophistication of technology in a society
A society's spiritual approach to producing various outputs
117
A headman's leadership is typically...
Based on inheritance
State sanctioned and formal
Coercive and militarized
Based on personal influence
118
A matriclan is defined by...
Shared wives
Female co-residence within households
Ancestry through the female lines
Lack of male inheritance
119
San social organization reflects...
Hierarchical clan lineages
Redistribution by age grades
Egalitarian decision-making
Centralized political authority
120
A chiefdom is characterized by...
Centralized hereditary authority over multiple groups
Total economic equality
Rotating leadership based on age
A group with a single source of authority that operates alone
121
Generalized reciprocity reflects...
Ritual potlatching
State-sponsored redistribution
Long-term exchange without immediate balance
Strategic negotiation of price in quick succession
122
Kayasa is a...
marriage negotiation
Form of punishment for criminals
Kinship classification
Ritualizes yam-growing contest
123
The idea of gender beyond "male" and "female" emphasizes that...
Gender identity has no social effects and is up to the individual alone
All societies enforce a binary
Many cultures recognize multiple or fluid gender categories
Sex and gender are always alligned
124
Swidden agriculture requires...
Permanent irrigation systems
Monocropping
Land clearing and short-term cultivation
Herd mobility
125
Parallel cousins are the children of...
Your parent's opposite sex siblings
Your parent's same sex sibling
Affinal relatives
Non-kin that are considered "family"
126
Neolocal residence is when...
Families live in clans
Children live with grandparents
Couples live in the same place as the groom's siblings
Couples establish an independent household
127
Ascribed status is...
Always temporary
Social position inherited or assigned at birth
A rotating leadership role
Gained through personal achievement
128
Bride service refers to...
A naming ritual for the couple's eldest child
Market work done by the bride
An exchange of wives between two new grooms, typically within clans
Groom living with bride's family to labor as part of a marriage agreement
129
A status set refers to...
All the roles a person occupies simultaneously
The birth order within a household
Kinship terms
A collection of privileges in elete families
130
Compared to industrial societies, San leisure time is...
Greatly reduced due to constant food seeking
Substantial, revealing flexible work rhythms
Focused almost entirely on ritual practices
More structured and controlled
131
A clan differs from a lineage because...
Its members cannot marry to each other
It is based solely on residence at a location
It doesn't trace exact genealogical connections
It has no founding ancestory
132
A potlatch ceremony enables...
Equitable land distribution
Pastoral exchange of animals
Agricultural planning
Status competition through wealth redistribution
133
The "mode of production" includes...
Economic activities shaped by relations of relations of ownership and labor
Fertility patterns
Only substence activities
Tools and technology that are used within a specific industry
134
In Himalayan agriculture, polyandry helps...
Increase genetic diversity
Encourage matrilineal descent
Prevent land from dividing among brothers
Promote patrilocal residence
135
Bridewealth is a...
Transfer of goods from the bride's family to the groom's family or groom
Dowry given to the groom
A gift to religious leaders during marriage ceremonies
Transfer of goods from the groom's family to the bride's family
136
Among the San, gathering is...
Less calorically significant than hunting
Replaced by plant cultivation
A reliable source of calories
Performed mostly for ritualistic purposes
137
In anthropology, "sex" and "gender" are distinguished because...
None of the above, they are the same concept
Sex is determined by behavior, gender is not
Sex is biological, gender is socially constructed
Gender is innate, sex is up to interpretation
138
Intercropping contributes to...
Livestock protection
High water efficiency
Soil nutrient balance
Increased soil erosion
139
A corporate group serves to...
Conduct trade negotiation with other corporate groups
Produce goods that will be exported out of the corporate group
Replace state functions
Manage resources, inheritance, and social identity collectively
140
Matrilocal residence means...
Couples live apart from both families
Settling with the husband's parents
Moving yearly
Couples live with or near the wife's kin
141
Yam gardens in Trobriand society are cultivated by...
Men for their sisters' husbands
Women for their husbands
Chiefs for their ancestors
Men for their wives
142
In the Trobriands, political leadership is influenced by...
Wealth in yams, shells, and matrilineal status
Warfare tactics and strategy
Control of male labor
Female only inheritance
143
Social strata are...
Symbols of family lineage
Ranked layers within a hierarchy
Age sets in chiefdoms
Overlapping descent groups
144
Balanced reciprocity involves...
Gifting among unrelated strangers
Exploitative gift giving
Socially expected but not immediate return of value
Precise and immediate equivalence
145
The incest taboo is unique because...
It applies only to affines
It prohibits all cousin marraige
It is absolute in all societies
It's definition varies across cultures
146
A state differs from other political forms due to...
Its focus on kin-based rule
Its egalitarian nature
Its use of religious leadership
Its centralized government
147
Biological kin types are used to...
Refer to culturally constructed relations among many family members
Compare cousin marriage practices
Describe friendship based relations
Represent genealogical connections with standard notation
148
The Trobriand Islands are located in...
Off the coast of Madagascar
New Zealand
The Amazon
Papua New Guinea
149
Marriage exchanges often serve to...
Redistribute wealth
Compensate for labor loss
Build social alliances
Determine birth order
150
The San tend to form groups of 20-50 individuals because...
The climate forced the San to frequently relocate
It is easier to defend larger groups rather than smaller groups
They are ruled by extended kin councils
It balances social connection and resource sustainability
151
Land tenure systems define...
Ritual participation
Age grades in tribes
Inheritance rights to land
Kinship naming rules
152
Overturning the yam house symbolizes...
The death of a high-status person
Agricultural failure
A marriage dissolution
A divorce settlement being reached
153
A patrilineage includes...
Everyone on the father's side
Individuals descended through male links from a common male ancestor
Everyone on the mother's side
Individuals descended through female links from a common female ancestor
154
In Bourdieu's framework, social capital is...
Military power
Financial investments
Networks of relationships
Access to ritual leaders
155
Egalitarian societies are marked by...
Organized standing armies
Strict political offices
Minimal differences in wealth and status
Unilineal descent
156
Trobriand funerals emphasize...
Social reproduction through exchange
Mourning without ritual
Strict inheritance lines
Avoidance of death

Anthro 2A Midterm 2 Flashcards | StudBud