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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Duplicate of Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
80 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
80
Answers
1
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
C
B
O
A
2
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oS, 65oE
21oN, 65oW
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oE
3
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
dependent variable
control variable
independent variable
constant variable
4
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
tsunamis
hotspots
new crust
5
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Trench
Boundary
Epicenter
Focus
6
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Doppler Effect
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
Copernicus Effect
7
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
Earth's rotation
Sun's rotation
the Moon's revolution
Earth's revolution
8
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
stratosphere
thermosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
9
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
water
gravity
ice
wind
10
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
wastewater treatment
nuclear water treatment
drinking water treatment
rainwater treatment
11
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
industrial power plants
reforestation
hydroelectric plants
nuclear power plants
12
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Insolation
Radioactive decay
Conduction
Nuclear Fusion
13
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
14
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It is a short-term solution.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
15
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
CFCs
infrared radiation (heat)
visible light
gamma rays
16
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
oblate
spheriod
random revolution
elliptical
17
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
inner core
rigid mantle
outer core
asthenosphere
18
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
19
Our solar system is considered to be
socially awkward like Mrs. G
planetocentric (planet in the center)
one of the biggest in the universe
heliocentric (sun in the center)
20
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
relief
topography
contour interval
elevation
21
What is the source of energy for the sun?
hydrogen fusion
burning of solar gasses
nuclear fission of metals
internal combustion
22
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
argon (Ar)
nitrogen (N2)
oxygen (O2)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
23
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
natural gas
oil
coal
biofuels
24
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
deforestation
protecting endangered species
air pollution
hunting
25
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Reverse
Block
Normal
Transform
26
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
27
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
gentle slopes
water
steep slopes
shallow rivers
28
Which is an example of point source pollution?
land development
polluted runoff
acid rain
factory smokestack
29
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
earthquakes
acid rain
tsunamis
geysers
30
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
reducing water consumption
building artificial levees
recycling bottled-water containers
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
31
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
32
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
33
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
tidal patterns
rising sea levels
a constant sea level
ocean currents
34
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
35
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/day
1 rotation/hour
1 rotation/month
36
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
37
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
tsunamis
new crust
ridges
38
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing soil formation
decreasing oxygen production
increasing transpiration
increasing erosion
39
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
industrial runoff into a stream
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
40
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
trench
mid-ocean ridge
volcanic island arc
volcanoes
41
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Tides
Days and nights
Spring and Fall
A year
42
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
43
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
solar
wind
biofuel
hydroelectric
44
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The moon does not rotate on its axis
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
45
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
liquid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
solid
the same temperature
46
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the barycenter of the Sun
nutation
47
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
48
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
49
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Warming
Sinking Air
Compression
Rising Air
50
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
UV
X-rays
Infrared
Radio
51
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Density
Specific Gravity
Rate
Gradient
52
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Ice Melts
Water Condenses
Evaporation Increases
Wind Forms
53
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
54
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Equator
Prime Meridian
Great Circle
Longitudinal Maximum
55
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
barycenter
precession
nutation
rotation
56
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
burning compost
coal-fired power plants
vehicle exhaust
aerosols
57
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
Temperature is increasing.
Skies are clearing.
Humidity is decreasing.
A storm is approaching.
58
Use the diagram to answer the question
S waves cannot travel through liquid
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves travel through solids and liquids
P waves can't travel through solids
59
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear fusion
nuclear fission
nuclear cessation
nuclear disaster
60
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
white dwarf
red giant
protostar
main sequence star
61
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
sunspots
solar flares
prominences
convection zones
62
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
It is cheap, and reliable
Lower air pollution
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
It can reduce erosion
63
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
density differences in the troposphere
solidification in the lithosphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
64
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
a subduction trench
mid-ocean ridge
abyssal plain
continental shelf
65
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Quantum Physics
Theory of relativity
Big Bang Theory
String Theory
66
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
67
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
68
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the magnitude of an earthquake
the epicenter of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
69
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
greenhouse effect
biodiversity
rates of weathering
speciation
70
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
speed of Earth's rotation
Speed of Earth's revolution
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
71
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
burning fossils fuels
using pesticides
sustainable farming
traditional farming
72
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
barycenter
radiation
precession
nutation
73
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
the loss of water resources in estuaries
74
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
75
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Galileo's Laws
Copernicus' Laws
Hubble's Law
Kepler's Laws
76
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
a geyser
a spring
a well
an aquifer
77
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
78
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
C
A
D
B
79
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
lava
rock
magma
volcanic ash
80
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun