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Social Psychology and Personality
Just-World Hypothesis
Myers-Briggs
Social Psychology and Personality
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1
Myers-Briggs
psychoanalytic
humanist
trait
behaviorist
2
Just-World Hypothesis
You'd rather do the opposite of what someone is trying to make you do
Your preference for justice makes you presume it exists
You see personal specifics in vague statements by filling in the gaps
3
False consensus effect
Tendency to belive the popular opinion is the correct one
Tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs
The tendency to overlook information that contradicts one's own beliefs
The tendency to ignore dissent from others
4
What is social desirability bias?
Favoring results that align with expectations
Participants respond to please researchers or look better
Researchers distort results due to low self-esteem
Participants resist social situations
5
According to Freud what is regression
A childish response like whining to deal with a situation
A mature response like complaining to deal with a situation
statistical process for relationships among variables.
To hold back or to not get involved
6
Self-esteem is defined as...?
The way you feel about yourself
The way your parents make you feel
The way your significant other makes you feel
The way your friends make you feel
7
Altruism is
the act of being selfish as opposed to compassionate
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Arguing for what you believe in
Putting your own needs above others
8
Projective tests (Pick Two)
Assesses brain behavior
Involve ambiguous stimuli that the client interprets
includes the Rorschach Inkblot test
uses standardized questions with clear response options, scored objectively
9
Fundamental Attribution Error
overestimate the situation and overestimate the disposition
overestimate the situation & overestimate the disposition
overestimate the situation and underestimate the disposition
underestimate the situation & overestimate personal factors
10
Normative Social Influence is...
About norms, a desire of social approval & avoid rejection
Most likely in situations which are new or ambiguous
A cognitive process
An emotional process
11
The most widely used personality inventory is the
Rorschach
Stanford-Binet
TAT
MMPI
12
Big Five Traits
Openness, Confidence, Extraversion, Empathy, Stability
Openness, Curiosity, Assertiveness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
Conscientiousness, Intelligence, Extraversion, Motivation, Neuroticism
13
Which of the following illustrates belief perseverance?
Your belief remains intact even in the face of evidence to the contrary
You tend to search for information that supports your beliefs
You refuse to listen to arguments counter to your beliefs
You tend to become flustered and angered when your beliefs are refuted
14
What are the two traits that are measured using the attribution theory?
nature; nurture
cognitive; behavioural
personality; good looks
situational; dispositional
15
Which psychologist is known for his experiment about conformity?
Asch
Pavlov
Zimbardo
Rogers
16
The reciprocity norm says
you help others at a personal cost
you never help others
you help someone if they help you
you help others only when it is at no personal cost
17
Social facilitation is…
Most effective in bigger groups
Most effective in children
Most effective in simple, familiar tasks
Most effective in complex tasks
18
What is not a characteristic of groupthink?
censoring dissent from group members
dividing the world into the ingroup & outgroup
censoring information that contradicts the group's views
gathering all the relevant information (pros & cons)
19
Ethnocentrism is best described as:
Preconceived opinion that is not based on reason
A cultural group perceives itself as different and superior
The unjust treatment of different categories of people,
A widely held but fixated/oversimplified image of someone
20
Self-fulfilling prophecy
fake it until you make it
imposter syndrome
preferring one's own ethnic group to others
an originally false expectation leads to its own confirmation.
21
Self-actualization
food, water, warmth, and sleep
friendships and intimate relationships
prestige and feeling of accomplishment
achieving full potential and being creative
22
Door-in-the-face technique involves:
Making a small request before a larger one
Appealing to emotions to gain compliance
Rejecting a large request before accepting a smaller one
Offering additional incentives after an initial agreement
23
The highest level of Maslow's hierarchy is :
Self- actualization
Social
Security
Physiologic
24
The defense mechanism of denial is..
Accepting your past
Justifying behavior
Refusing to accept real events because they're unpleasant
Suppressing painful memories and thoughts
25
Bystander Effect
The theory that prejudice offers anger, and then providing someone to blame
Intended to inflict harm
The more people that witness an emergency, the less likely they are to help
The tendency for people to start to believe and become the stereotype
26
Sterotyping is
negative, unreasonable opinion about a group but not doing anything to them
act of doing something harmful to people in a certain group
overgeneralized statements about people in a certain group
27
Which ethical issue deals with debriefing participants?
Right to withdraw
Informed consent
Deception
Protection from harm
28
Stanford Prison Experiment- Role Playing: People take on the role of what they feel are proper for the situation
Asch
Festinger
Watson
Zimbardo
29
What is self-efficacy?
The belief that you can achieve anything
The belief in your own ability to succeed at a task
Being self-efficient
Being self-motivated
30
Out group homogeneity
bias...
belief that all members of a group are more similar than they really are
violent behavior or attitudes towards another person or group.
unjustified actions against an individual or group
blaming others for our failures so we continue to feel good about ourselves
31
Confirmation bias
fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
seeking evidence to support an idea, rather than refute it
tendency to approach a problem with a method that worked previously
the inability to look from another perspective, in order to maintain belief
32
Conformity that occurs b/c of a person's desire to be liked & accepted
Central Route Persuasion
Informational Social Conformity
Peripheral Route Persuasion
Normative Social Conformity
33
Define ideal self.
how you feel about yourself
how you would like to be
how you look
how you are now
34
Cognitive dissonance theory
actions are in line
actions are not in line
actions and thoughts are in line
actions and thoughts are not in line
35
Unconditional positive regard
judgment of ones effectiveness in dealing with particular situations
sense of helplessness which a person think they are unable to prevent event
the process by which we explain our own behavior and that of others
Unconditional acceptance and approval of a person by others
36
The common defense mechanism "Projection" is characterized as...
Excelling in other areas to make up for failing in some
Blaming others for your own faults
Making excuses for actions or feelings
refusing to recognize a problem
37
Conscientious, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness and ______ are part of the Big 5
Epicness
Ego
Extraversion
Excellence
38
This part of the Limbic system is linked to emotion, fear, and aggression
cerebellum
amygdala
hypothalamus
hippocampus
39
Self-Serving Bias
Thinking you are always right
Thinking others are always wrong
Give yourself credit for success but blame others on failure
Tendency to blame yourself for past actions
40
In Milgram's study of obedience, subjects...
became the recipient of painful electric shocks
were ordered to deliver painful shocks to a stranger
were put into a simulated prison
indicated which of 3 lines matched the "standard line"
