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Darwin's Theory of Evolution and Evolution of Populations Flashcards | StudBud
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Darwin's Theory of Evolution and Evolution of Populations
Darwin's Theory of Evolution and Evolution of Populations
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#biology #highschoolscience #evolution
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Questions
30
Answers
1
Although they live in the same habitat, 2 toad species breed at different times. This means
the species do not interbreed due to geographic isolation
the species do not interbreed due to temporal isolation
one species may cause the extinction of the other
the species interbreed throughout the season
2
The species of finches that Darwin found on the different islands varied in what adaptation?
shape of beaks
size of eggs
location of nests
color of feathers
3
Biogeography is the study of
how animals living in the same area are closely related
where species and their ancestors live
how extinct species can be related to living ones
how different species interbreed
4
The separation of populations by barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water is
geographic isolation
behavioral isolation
genetic equilibrium
temporal isolation
5
James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work suggests that
all rocks on Earth contain fossils
Earth is several million years old
all fossils were formed in the last 1000 years
Earth is several thousand years old
6
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that
the majority of a species' offspring die.
because of pop. size, there would soon be not enough food
in the 1700s England needed more housing
in the human population, people die faster than being born
7
The principle of common descent helps explain why
birds and reptiles share many inherited characteristics
tigers are so different from cheetahs
well-adapted species have many offspring
conditions in an organism's environment ensure its survival
8
Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection explains each of the following
except
how
species can become extinct
species descend from common ancestors
traits are passed from parents to offspring
evolution takes place in the natural world
9
Molecular evidence in support of natural selection includes
the transmission of acquired traits
the nearly universal genetic code
the presence of vestigial structures
the tendency toward perfect, unchanging DNA
10
The number and location of bones in fossils is similar to living vertebrates. This supports
acquired traits
common descent
analogous structures
tendency toward perfection
11
A polygenic trait can have
many possible genotypes producing many phenotypes
fewer genotypes than most single-gene traits
many possible genotypes but few phenotypes
fewer phenotypes than most single-gene traits
12
Darwin's concept of natural selection was NOT influenced by
Gregor Mendel
his trip on the Beagle
Charles Lyell
his specimen collection
13
According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, some individuals survive due to the
possession of adaptations developed through use
possession of inherited traits that maximize fitness
lack of competition within the species
choices made by plant and animal breeders
14
The genes carried by all members of a particular population make up the population's
gene pool
genotype
phenotype
allele frequency
15
What principle does the Grants' investigation of finches best support?
uniformitarianism
natural selection
biogeography
evolutionary embryology
16
Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
evolution
diversity
adaptation
fitness
17
The allele frequencies of a population are more likely to change if
the population size is increased
the mutation rate decreases
no immigration or emigration occurs
mating is not random
18
A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a
mutation
recombination
single-gene trait
polygenic trait
19
The Galapagos finch species are an excellent example of
genetic equilibrium
selection on single-gene traits
stabilizing selection
speciation
20
A single-gene trait that has two alleles and shows a simple dominant-recessive pattern will
have many phenotypes
have two phenotypes
have one phenotype
have three phenotypes
21
The type of genetic drift that follows colonization of a new habitat by a small group is called
the founder effect
stabilizing selection
the Hardy-Weinberg principle
directional selection
22
In humans, some bones are involved in walking. In whales, these same bones are called
examples of natural variation
examples of fossils
vestigial structures
acquired traits
23
In a population, the allele frequency for red fur changes from 20 to 30%. What happened?
the population is not evolving
the population is evolving
the population is decreasing
the population is expanding
24
Which of the following can produce a duplicate gene?
crossing-over during transcription
chromosome replication during mitosis
genetic drift during reproduction
neutral mutation during transcription
25
On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed
species exactly like those found in South America
species similar to mainland South American species
species completely unrelated to those in South America
completely unrelated species on each island
26
In genetic drift, the allele frequencies in a gene pool change because of
mutations
chance
genetic equilibrium
natural selection
27
Genetic recombination includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis and
mutations from chemicals
changes in the allele frequencies
mutations from radiaton
crossing-over
28
If a mutation introduces a new color, what would determine if the new allele increases?
how many phenotypes are in the population
how many other alleles are present
whether the mutation adds to the fitness
how the mutation occurred
29
What do Hox genes control?
mutations
gene duplication
patterns of embryo development
molecular clocks
30
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
survival of the fittest
artificial selection
natural selection
artificial variation
