Single celled organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi

What is photosynthesis?

The process by which plants make food with light energy.

One organism benefits, one is harmed

What is interspecific competition

Competition between members of the same species

What is Passive Transport?

moves molecules and ions from high to low concentration with NO energy

What's Cellular Respiration?

The process cells use to to release energy stored in sugar.

The three types of passive transport are...

simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides

An organism’s complete set of genetic instructions

What is intraspecific competition?

Competition between members of different species

What does this predator-prey graph show?

The populations of predators and prey depend on each other.

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Cell Biology Basics

79 termsStudBud Administration10 plays

Test your knowledge on fundamental concepts of cell biology, including organelles, DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.

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Questions 79

Answers

1
What are protists?
they don't exist
8 celled organisms
two celled organisms that are related to plants,animals
Single celled organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi
2
What is the capsid around the viral genome made of?
mucus
protein
lipids
carbohydrates
3
Since prokaryotes don't have a nucleus, they can't contain DNA
True
False
4
Flexible barrier, controls what enters and exits the cell, made of lipids
Cell Membrane
DNA
Mitochondria
Nucleus
5
Which type of RNA contains "codons"?
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
6
An INVERTEBRATE
does not have a backbone
has a backbone
7
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which cells obtain energy.
The process by which plants make food with light energy.
The process by which the sun transmits energy.
The process by which cells grow and divide.
8
RNA is single _________
bonded
slotted
stranded
strafed
9
All plants, animals, fungi, and protists are which kind of cells.
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
10
What is parasitism?
Both are harmed
One organism benefits, one is harmed
One organism benefits
One organism is harmed, one is not affected
11
Nucleic acids function primarily ____________.
to store genetic information
as quick energy sources
as steroid hormones
as structures
12
Chromosomes are composed of DNA
False
True
13
What molecule is produced during translation?
mRNA
rRNA
Protein
Amino acids
14
What is interspecific competition
Competition between members of the same species
Competition between members of different species
15
Prokaryotes divide in a process called _____.
mitosis
binary fission
cell division
meiosis
16
What is Passive Transport?
moves molecules and ions from high to low concentration using energy
moves molecules and ions from high to low concentration with NO energy
17
Vertebrate or Invertebrate?
Invertebrate
Vertebrate
18
Predator/prey relationship:
coyote/cactus
lice/human
spider/fly
zebra/grass
19
Which organelle is the site of DNA transcription?
nucleus
cell membrane
vacuole
ribosome
20
The process of RNA polymerase making mRNA from DNA is called?
Transcription
Transposition
Transfusion
Translation
21
The central dogma states
DNA to proteins to RNA
DNA to RNA to proteins
RNA to DNA to Proteins
22
The three types of RNA are ______________________.
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
mRNA, tRNA, sRNA
mRNA, tRNA, pRNA
mRNA, tRNA, dRNA
23
Which of the following is a heterotroph?
Sunflower
Oak Tree
Grass
Whale
24
What's Cellular Respiration?
The process cells use to to release energy stored in sugar.
How energy forms
The border of cells
another word for energy
25
Passive transport
doesn't require energy.
requires energy.
moves particles against a concentration gradient.
moves particles from a high to a low concentration.
26
The three types of passive transport are...
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and pinocytosis.
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and exocytosis.
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and sodium-potassium pump.
27
A genotype is
A set of alleles
a pair of Levis jeans
An organism's genetic makeup.
28
A codon is?
a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides
3 pairs of dna
a secret code
a sequence of 2 pairs of RNA
29
This organelle encloses and supports the cells in plants
cell wall
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
30
Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of
symbiotic relationships
prey adaptations
predation
competition
31
Which phrase best describes the function of the ATP molecule?
stores energy
carries energy
converts energy
absorbs energy
32
Where does cellular respiration occur?
ribosome
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
33
Which type of RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to a ribosome?
tRNA
protein
rRNA
mRNA
34
In eukaryotes, DNA is found in
the cytoplasm
the mitochondria
the nucleus
the ribosomes
35
Which of these is a phenotype?
ATCGTTAC
Methionine
Yellow Peas
Yy
36
A genome is
An organism’s complete set of genetic instructions
The physical traits and characteristics of an organism
A two-stranded molecule
A different form of the same gene
37
Name two organelles that are only found in plant cells
cell wall and chloroplast
cell membrane and ribosome
cell wall and nucleus
chloroplast and mitochondria
38
A section of DNA on a chromosome which produces proteins that determines traits is called a(n)
allele
gene
nitrogen base
phosphate
39
During photosynthesis, plants use what gas to produce glucose as their food?
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
40
What molecule is produced in transcription?
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
RNA
41
Animal cells do not have which of the following?
Chlorophyll
Cilia
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
42
Active transport...
includes diffusion
is limited to only things leaving the cell
requires energy
is limited to only things leaving the cell
43
The predator in a predator-prey relationship is the
always a carnivore
animal being hunted
the animal that gets eaten
hunter
44
Which process is responsible for converting sunlight into carbohydrates (glucose)?
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
trancription
translation
45
two layers that make up the plasma membrane, composed mostly of lipids
exocytosis
protein channel
selective permeability
phospholipid bilayer
46
This carries the correct amino acids to the ribosome.
DNA
tRNA
cytoplasm
mRNA
47
What is intraspecific competition?
Competition between members of different species
Competition between members of the same species
48
Which organelle is responsible for creating proteins?
Lysosome
Vacuole
Ribosome
Mitochondria
49
Chromosomes are made of
DNA & RNA
RNA & Protein
DNA & Protein
sugar, spice, and everything nice.
50
Fungi contains chlorophyll
False
True
51
What does this predator-prey graph show?
predators and prey are unrelated.
the population of predators doesn't change the population of prey.
unchanging populations.
The populations of predators and prey depend on each other.
52
Transcription comes before ____________
Transition
Transformers
Translation
Transportation
53
Fungal cell wall
Yeast
Chittin
Chitin
Black Mold
54
Storage bubbles found in cells. Plant cells have one big one.
cell wall
mitochondria
vacuole
cell membrane
55
Gene pool refers to all the genes (traits) that a certain species has.
False
True
56
Examples of nucleic acids include
Proteins
Sugars and Starches
Fats and Oils
RNA and DNA
57
Mitosis results in each cell _________.
receiving the majority of chromosomes of original cell
receiving exactly half of the chromosomes of original cell
donating repaired chromosomes to the original cell
receiving exact copies of all chromosomes of original cell
58
What is a gene?
a small section of DNA
A type of organ in the body
one leg from a pair of blue pants
a South American fruit
59
Autotroph or heterotroph?
heterotroph
autotroph
60
The building blocks needed to synthesize proteins (carried by tRNA).
DNA
amino acids
polypeptide bonds
ribosomes
61
What subunits make up nucleic acids?
monosaccharides
amino acids
fatty acids
nucleotides
62
What are the products of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide and water
sugar and carbon dioxide
sugar and oxygen
oxygen and water
63
Which organelle takes in energy from the sun for plant cells?
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Nucleus
Chloroplast
64
True or False: Viruses enter host cells and use them to replicate, creating more viruses.
True
False
65
All animals are autotrophs.
False
True
66
Amino acids make up ________________.
Gas molecules
Proteins
Sugars
Carbohydrates
67
Why are bacteria classified as prokaryotes?
Cannot produce their own food.
Do not require oxygen to perform respiration.
Unable to produce amino acids.
Lack membrane-bound nuclei.
68
Mutations within a DNA sequence are...
natural processes that always affect the phenotype
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
69
What is a niche?
A type of bird
A habitat
An animal that only eats meat
The role a species plays in an ecosystem
70
Population growth depends on all of these factors EXCEPT
birth rate (B)
population size (N)
degrees of freedom (df)
death rate (D)
71
Meiosis makes
Gametes
Zygotes
Haploid cells
Diploid cells
72
All of the following are characteristic of chordates EXCEPT
bilateral symmetry
an exoskeleton
a post-anal tail
a notochord
73
The function of DNA is to
make proteins
transfer the genetic information to ribosomes
carry the code for genetic information
make sugars
74
What are alleles?
characteristics
a form of a gene
the study of heredity
a gamete
75
This organelle is the control center of the cell, it houses DNA
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
76
What are the raw materials needed for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide and water
oxygen and water
sugar and oxygen
sugar and carbon dioxide
77
This is the site of translation in protein synthesis.
ribosome
mitochondria
nucleus
uracil
78
Animal cells do not have which of the following?
Cilia
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Chlorophyll
79
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formationof
4 haploid daughter cells
2 diploid daugther cells
Genetically identical cells
Genetically unique cells

Cell Biology Basics Flashcards | StudBud