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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
Earth & Environmental Science NCFE Review
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NC Final Exam Review
Flashcards
80 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which describes a disadvantage to adding large quantities of sand to stabilize the shoreline.
It creates a wall disrupting the vegetation along coasts.
It is a short-term solution.
It causes inland erosion.
It creates a barrier preventing tides along coastlines.
2
If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?
It's winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's revolution
Its winter in the southern hemi due to the Earth’s tilt.
It is winter in the southern hemi due to Earth's rotation .
It's winter in the southern hemi due to nutation
3
Our solar system is considered to be
planetocentric (planet in the center)
heliocentric (sun in the center)
one of the biggest in the universe
socially awkward like Mrs. G
4
What causes the Earth to have seasons?
nutation
the tilt of Earth’s axis
the rotation of Earth on its axis
the barycenter of the Sun
5
Which events are most closely associated with mountains and volcanoes?
tsunamis
earthquakes
acid rain
geysers
6
On a topographic map, lines spaced far apart indicate
steep slopes
gentle slopes
water
shallow rivers
7
The picture below shows a _________ fault?
Normal
Block
Reverse
Transform
8
What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse?
It allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and escape.
It reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse.
It allows long waves to enter, but shortwaves can't escape.
It allows short waves in, but the long waves can't escapes.
9
What chemical has slowly depleted the Ozone layer of the years?
industrial runoff into a stream
Monoflourocarbons (MFCs)
Greenhouse Gases
Chloroflourocarbons (CFCs)
10
This is formed when impermeable rock forces groundwater to move up and flow onto the surface?
an aquifer
a well
a geyser
a spring
11
Identify
one
process that causes clouds to form on the windward side of a mountain
Compression
Sinking Air
Rising Air
Warming
12
Earth’s outer core and inner core are both inferred to be
solid
composed of a high percentage of iron and nickle
the same temperature
liquid
13
Which type of nuclear reaction is used by the Sun?
nuclear disaster
nuclear fusion
nuclear cessation
nuclear fission
14
Which is the best example of human impacts on the biosphere?
protecting endangered species
deforestation
air pollution
hunting
15
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily caused by
Earth’s revolution around the Sun
Earth's tilt relative to the sun
the gravitational pull between the Moon, Sun, and Earth
seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
16
The theory that our universe was created when all matter&energy was sent out from one point is
Quantum Physics
String Theory
Big Bang Theory
Theory of relativity
17
Why is there a full Moon approximately once a month?
the Moon revolves around the Sun once a month
the Moon revolves around the Earth once a month
The moon does not rotate on its axis
The Moon rotates on its axis once a month.
18
The photo below demonstrates the "wobbling" of earth's axis during rotation and is known as
nutation
rotation
barycenter
precession
19
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling barometric pressure?
Temperature is increasing.
Humidity is decreasing.
Skies are clearing.
A storm is approaching.
20
What are humans most directly impacting when they kill off a species of plant or animal?
rates of weathering
speciation
biodiversity
greenhouse effect
21
The layer with the highest amount of Humus (organic material) is known as layer
B
A
O
C
22
In North Carolina, summer is warmer than winter because in summer North Carolina has
more hours of daylight and receives high angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives low angle insolation
more hours of daylight andreceives low-angle insolation
fewer hours of daylight andreceives high angle insolation
23
What is the zero degree longitude line that runs through Greenwich, England?
Equator
Great Circle
Prime Meridian
Longitudinal Maximum
24
The most destructive aspect of submarine earthquakes is the production of :
ridges
tsunamis
hotspots
new crust
25
Which part of the Sun’s electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
Radio
X-rays
UV
Infrared
26
The formula MASS divided by VOLUME gives
Specific Gravity
Density
Gradient
Rate
27
Why does the moon have a greater effect on the tides than the sun?
the moon is solid while the sun is gaseous
The moon is larger than the sun
The moon is closer than the sun to the Earth
The moon rotates more quickly than the sun
28
Which diagram represents a divergent boundary?
A
C
B
D
29
Which results from the unequal heating of the ocean water of Earth? (Poles=Cold, Equator=Warm)
rising sea levels
a constant sea level
ocean currents
tidal patterns
30
The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one of
Earth's revolution
Earth's rotation
the Moon's revolution
Sun's rotation
31
What is the source of energy for the sun?
nuclear fission of metals
burning of solar gasses
hydrogen fusion
internal combustion
32
The seasons of the year on Earth are determined by the ____________.
speed of Earth's rotation
Speed of Earth's revolution
shape of Earth's orbit relative to the sun
tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the sun
33
How can water be an agent for physical/mechanical weathering? (remember mechanics use tools)
seeping into cracks of rocks: freeze, expand, break the rock
absorbing gases in the air resulting in a chemical reaction
by seeping into soil and dissolving the minerals in rocks
by absorbing sulfur oxides and creating acid precipitation
34
Which can help reduce human impacts on the atmosphere?
traditional farming
sustainable farming
using pesticides
burning fossils fuels
35
Which would produce the most severe earthquake damage along the surface ofEarth?
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 4.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a deep focus and a magnitude of 2.5
an earthquake with a shallow focus and a magnitude of 4.5
36
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
solidification in the lithosphere
density differences in the troposphere
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
convection currents in the asthenosphere
37
Which of the following systems purifies the water you drink?
wastewater treatment
drinking water treatment
rainwater treatment
nuclear water treatment
38
How does heat from the sun get to Earth?
by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer theheat
by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat
as electromagnetic waves through radiation
by absorption, using primary waves to transfer heat
39
What is the approximate location of point A?
21oS, 65oW
21oN, 65oE
21oS, 65oE
21oN, 65oW
40
The place where an earthquake originates is called the
Trench
Focus
Epicenter
Boundary
41
The sun's surface is almost 6000 degrees K. Cool areas on the surface are known as
sunspots
prominences
convection zones
solar flares
42
Which agent of erosion leads to the destruction AND formation of sand dunes?
water
gravity
wind
ice
43
Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?
carbon dioxide (CO2)
nitrogen (N2)
argon (Ar)
oxygen (O2)
44
The sun is in what stage of its life cycle?
protostar
red giant
white dwarf
main sequence star
45
Which variable could be changed by the experimenter?
independent variable
dependent variable
control variable
constant variable
46
On a topographic map, _____ is measured as the distance above or below sea level
elevation
contour interval
relief
topography
47
The most destructive aspect of submarine (underwater) earthquakes is the production of :
hotspots
tsunamis
ridges
new crust
48
Which of these is caused by the rotation of Earth?
Days and nights
A year
Tides
Spring and Fall
49
Which can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of Earth?
coal-fired power plants
vehicle exhaust
aerosols
burning compost
50
__________ is evidence of Seafloor Spreading, while Seafloor Spreading is evidence of ________.
Magnetic Reversal / Reverse Polarity
Reverse Polarity / Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics / Reverse Polarity
Continental Drift / Plate Tectonics and Reverse Polarity
51
What surface feature is NOT formed at an oceanic-oceanic CONVERGENT boundary?
volcanoes
trench
mid-ocean ridge
volcanic island arc
52
Which fuel source can be used to live more sustainably?
biofuels
natural gas
coal
oil
53
Which consequence could an exponentially growing human population have ondrinkable water?
May cause an increase in amount of H2O available for humans.
It could cause an increase in cases of waterborne diseases.
It could cause a decrease in needing water for survival.
May cause a decrease in the amount of waste & pollutants.
54
How does a STRAIGHT alignment between Earth, the sun, and the moon impact the tides on Earth?
Neap Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: lowest change in high and low tides
Neap Tide: greatest change in high and low tides
Spring Tide: greatest change in high and low tides.
55
Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?
continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates
ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates
continent volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates
mid-ocean ridge, due to uplift and separation of two plates
56
The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?
continental shelf
mid-ocean ridge
abyssal plain
a subduction trench
57
Scientists can use the time differences between P-waves and S-waves to determine the following:
the epicenter of an earthquake
the magnitude of an earthquake
the duration of an earthquake
the intensity of an earthquake
58
Which is a major source of AIR pollution created by humans?
hydroelectric plants
industrial power plants
reforestation
nuclear power plants
59
Carbon dioxide and methane cause global warming because they are excellent absorbers of
visible light
gamma rays
infrared radiation (heat)
CFCs
60
Energy is produced within a star’s core by the process of
Radioactive decay
Insolation
Nuclear Fusion
Conduction
61
Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called
volcanic ash
magma
rock
lava
62
Which statement describes the motion of Earth around the sun?
Speed increases the farther Earth is from the sun .
Earth's velocity increases the closer it is to the sun
Earth revolves around the sun every 30 days
Earth revolves around the sun every 24 hours
63
How would you describe the shape of Earth's planetary orbit?
oblate
spheriod
elliptical
random revolution
64
Which of these is likely to occur after moist air is cooled below its dew point?
Ice Melts
Water Condenses
Wind Forms
Evaporation Increases
65
A local government is considering building a dam. Which is an advantage of building a dam?
Lower air pollution
It is cheap, and reliable
It can reduce erosion
it can improve the natural habitat of plants and animals.
66
This illustrates the change in DIRECTION of Earth's tilt every 26,000-27,000 years, known as
radiation
barycenter
nutation
precession
67
The observation that waves lengthen as objects move away and shorten as they approach is called
Kepler's Laws
Doppler Effect
Copernicus Effect
Hubble's Law
68
Which part of Earth’s interior has convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
asthenosphere
rigid mantle
outer core
inner core
69
digging a well along a coastal area will likely result in what?
a decrease in salt concentration in inlet waterways
the destruction of estuaries due to increases in sea level
saltwater intrusion into aquifers
the loss of water resources in estuaries
70
Put the following in order - from largest to smallest
Universe, Milky Way Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon
Moon, Earth, sun, solar system, milky way galaxy, universe
Earth, Milky Way galaxy, solar system, universe, Moon
Milky Way galaxy, solar system, Earth, universe, Moon
71
Which is an example of point source pollution?
acid rain
land development
factory smokestack
polluted runoff
72
The sun produces energy through nuclear fusion by converting:
hydrogen nuclei into a helium nucleus
helium nuclei into hydrogen nuclei
Oxygen nuclei into carbon dioxide
Oxygen nuclei into nitrogen
73
Earth moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun & slowest when farther away is explained by
Kepler's Laws
Copernicus' Laws
Galileo's Laws
Hubble's Law
74
What is the approximate rate of Earth’s rotation?
1 rotation/month
1 rotation/hour
1 rotation/year
1 rotation/day
75
How could the removal of trees and other vegetation impact the LITHOSPHERE?
increasing erosion
increasing soil formation
decreasing oxygen production
increasing transpiration
76
In which atmospheric layer of Earth do thunderstorms occur?
stratosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
77
Which type of renewable energy would work best on NC's coast?
biofuel
hydroelectric
wind
solar
78
Which is most likely a prevention strategy for flooding?
reducing water consumption
building artificial levees
recycling bottled-water containers
building waste landfills for metals and other contaminants
79
Why are ocean currents important to coastal regions?
They produce high and low tides along coastal regions.
Increases rates of precip. as cold water moves up the coast
They balance air temperatures along coastal regions.
They move warm H2O & nutrients to the surface along coasts.
80
Use the diagram to answer the question
P waves travel through liquids only
S waves cannot travel through liquid
S waves travel through solids and liquids
P waves can't travel through solids