Dalton's atomic theory states that every element was made of atoms that could not be subdivided, atoms of the same eleme

atoms of different elements could form to join compounds.

What happens to the particles of a substance when it condenses?

Particles slow down and clump together.

Which statement about the alkali metals is correct?

They are located in the left-most column of the periodic table .

How does the density of an object floating on a fluid compared to the density of the fluid?

The floating object is less dense

An atom's mass number equals the number of

protons plus the number of neutrons

Which statement about an element's average atomic mass is correct?

It is a weighted average, so common isotopes have a greater effect than unc

Which statement about the modern model of the atom is not true

Electrons can be found between energy levels.

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Physical Science Midterm Spring23

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1
Aluminium is used in kitchen foil because it is
hard to bend
None of the above
very hard
shiny
2
Dalton's atomic theory states that every element was made of atoms that could not be subdivided, atoms of the same eleme
atoms are constantly in motion.
atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
atoms of different elements could form to join compounds.
the nucleus is the center of the atom
3
A substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances is a(n)
compound
mixture
element
atom
4
Evaporation refers to the change of state from a
solid to liquid
gas to liquid
liquid to a gas
liquid to solid
5
What method for determining buoyant force states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal
Archimedes' principle
Gay-Lussac's Law
Boyle's Law
Charles's Law
6
A chemical property of copper is its
density
reactivity
melting point
color
7
The process of a solid changing directly into a gas is called
sublimation
frezzing
evaporation
condensation
8
Digesting food is an example of
change of state
physical change
buoyancy
chemical change
9
Knowing the chemical properties of a substance will tell you how the substance
can be broken down into atoms
reacts with other substances
looks
smells
10
Which of the following is an element?
bronze
steel
brass
iron
11
Carbon and other nonmetals are found in which area of the periodic table?
in the bottom rows
in the middle column of the periodic table
on the right side
on the left-most side
12
The force keeping an object floating on a liquid is called
natural force
viscosity
buoyant force
surface tension
13
Pressure is calculated by dividing force by the _____ over which the force is exerted.
mass
area
None of the above
volume
14
Steel has a density of 7.8g/cm³. What is the mass of a block of steel with a volume of 600.0cm³
4,700 g
470 g
77 g
7,700 g
15
What happens to the particles of a substance when it condenses?
Particles speed up and spread out.
Particles slow down and clump together.
Particles stick together and stop moving
Particles vibrate as they lose energy.
16
Elements in an element family have similar
atomic weights
chemical properties
atomic symbols
atomic sizes
17
The mass of a 20L sample of gas with a density of 0.04mg/L is
0.8 mg
8 mg
0.08 mg
80 mg
18
Elements in a family often have a similar
atomic mass
number of total electron
number of total protons
appreciates
19
Which statement about the alkali metals is correct?
They are located in the left-most column of the periodic table .
They are extremely nonreactive
They form negative ions with a 1- charge
They are usually gases
20
As the volume of a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature decreases, its pressure
stays the same
decreases
increases
Insufficient data to answer question
21
As the pressure of a gas at constant temperature decreases, its volume
increases
stays the same
None of the above
decreases
22
In Mendeleev's periodic table, elements in each column had similar
properties
symbols
atomoic masses
atomic numbers
23
How does the density of an object floating on a fluid compared to the density of the fluid?
The floating object is less dense
The floating object is equally dense
The density cannot be compared
The floating object is denser
24
As the pressure of a moving liquid increases, it's speed
stays the same
decreases
varies
increases
25
An atom's mass number equals the number of
protons plus the number of neutrons
protons
protons plus the number of electrons
neutrons
26
An iron atom has an atomic mass of 56. Its atomic number is 26. How many neutrons does the iron atom have
26
56
82
30
27
Which statement about an element's average atomic mass is correct?
It is determined by counting the number of isotopes in a sample of the elem
It is based on an isotope's charge so negatively charged isotopes have a gr
It is equal to one-twelfth the mass of the most common isotope.
It is a weighted average, so common isotopes have a greater effect than unc
28
Which of the following is not an example of a physical property
density
reactivity
boiling point
freezing point
29
As one moves from left to right on the modern periodic table, elements become
smaller
lighter
more unlike each other
less metallic
30
The gas law relating the temperature and pressure of a gas is
Guy-Lussac's law
Boyle's law
Archimedes' princciples
Charles's Law
31
A solid becomes a gas through a process called
Frezzing
evaporation
condensation
sublimation
32
Compared to less missive particles at the same temperature, more massive particles
are closer together
move more quickly
move more slowly
are further apart
33
Stainless steel has chemical properties such as
electrical conductivity
reistance to rust
hardness
high melting point
34
An electron jumps to a new energy level when
the atom becomes charged
the atom becomes unstable
the electron's location is pinpointed
the atom gains or loses energy
35
When ice melts to form liqiud, energy is
destroyed
created
absorbed
released
36
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is called
plasma
temperature
kinetic
thermal energy
37
The number of energy levels filled in an atom is determined by
protons
photons
electrons
neutrons
38
A molecule of water (H20) is made from _____ Combining two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
chemically
thermally
physically
ionically
39
Force divided by the area over which the pressure is exerted is the calculation for
viscosity
density
pressure
volume
40
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element is a(n)
atom
molecule
compound
substance
41
The science of what matter is made of and how it changes is called
physics
enginerring
chemistry
kinetics
42
Most elements on the left side of the periodic table are
semiconductors
nonmetals
mettoids
metals
43
Which statement about the modern model of the atom is not true
Electrons are most likely to be found in orbitals.
The precise location of electrons cannot be predicted.
Electrons can be found on in certain energy levels.
Electrons can be found between energy levels.
44
The ability of an object to float on a fluid is influenced by the
density of the object
All of the above
density of the fluid
buoyant force of a fluid
45
You have 6.5 mol of chromium, which has a molar mass of approximately 52g/mol what is the mass in grams of this amount o
3.38 kg
3.38 g
338 g
33.8 g
46
The process of a liquid becoming a solid is called
evaporation
frezzing
condensation
melting
47
If the average atomic mass of carbon is 12.01u, 1 mole of pure carbon will have a mass of
6 g
6 mol
12.01 g
12 mol
48
A lithium-ion is much less reactive than a lithium atom because it
is more massive
has a filled outer s orbital
has a negative electric
has no charge
49
Mendeleev left gaps in his periodic table because
the table was too full
no known elements fit there
the table was too small
protons belong there
50
Temperature is a measure of the average ____ energy of the particles in the object
thermal
potential
chemical
kinetic
51
Matter is defined as anything that
contains kinetic energy
can be weighted
has mass and takes up space
can be seen and touched
52
If the atomic mass of carbon is 12 u, 1 mole of pure carbon will have a mass of
12 mol
12g
6 mol
6 g
53
A mole is an SI base unit that describes the
amount of substance
electric charge of a substance
mass of a substance
volume of a substance
54
Chemical changes can affect physical and chemical properties whereas physical changes can affect
None of the above
chemical properties
both chemical and physical prorperties
physical properties
55
The periodic law states that elements that have similar properties appear
to the right of each other
to the left of each other
at regular intervals
at every tenth element
56
Ionization refers to the process of
turning lithium into fluorine
losing or gaining electrons
changing from on period to another
losing or gaining protons
57
The process of a liquid becoming a gas is called
evaporation
freezing
condensation
sublimation
58
Which tool is best for separating a mixture of sand and water?
filter
centrifuge
magnet
tweezers
59
How was Mendeleev's periodic table arranged?
by decreasing atomic mass
by increasing atomic mass
by increasing atomic number
by decreasing atomic number
60
Helium is used in balloons because it is
flammable
lighter than air
a colored gas
reactive with rubber
61
Group 17 elements form
anions
cations
semicondutors
metals
62
Diamond is known for its
All of the above
flammability
reactivity
hardness
63
The average atomic mass of potassium is approximately 39 u. what is the mass of 2.0 mol of potassium?
0.39 g
78 g
39 g
0.78 g
64
Which of the following is a physical change?
All of the above
dissolving
bending
evaporation
65
When a fixed sample of gas increases in volume, it must also
increase in mass
increase in density
decrease in pressure
increase in temperature
66
Elements that belong to the same group have the same number of
natural electrons
total electrons
valence electrons
inner electrons
67
The charge of an atom is?
unbalanced
Neutral
postive
Negative
68
What is the mass number of an element that has 19 protons, 19 electrons, and 20 neutrons?
19
58
39
20
69
Which of the following is an example of a chemical property
solubility in water
reactivity with oxygen
density
color
70
Which of the following is not true of noble gases
They are non metals.
They are highly reactive
they exist as single atoms
They belong to group 18
71
Because they differ in the number of protons in their nuclei and in the number of electrons in their filled inner energy
are inert
have different charges
are not exactly the same
are very interactive
72
What is the amount of nickel, which has an average atomic mass of 58.7 u, present in 525 g nickel?
8.90 mol
28.0 mol
58.7 mol
525 mol
73
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles is called
kinetic temerature
thermal energy
plasma
particle energy
74
Dalton's atomic theory was accepted because
Dalton showed how molecules are formed.
Democritus said that it was correct.
Dalton invented the electron microscope.
there was evidence to support it.
75
Atoms that gain or lose electrons are called
isotopes
nonmetals
metals
ions
76
According to the law of conservation of energy
a substance has the same energy before and after a change of state.
energy is not absorbed or released in changes of state.
energy is not created or destroyed in changes of state.
energy is not transferred during changes of state.
77
A material than can be represented by a chemical formula is
a pure substance
a mixture
a homogenous solution
an element
78
Which of the following is not a type of orbital?
p
x
s
d
79
A physical property of gold is its
reactivity with powerful acids
None of the above
density
nonflammability
80
The smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance is a(n)
molecule
atom
element
compound
81
A substance changes from a liquid to a gas during evaporation because
energy is lost
energy is absorbed
energy is released
energy is created
82
Pascal's principle states that a contained fluid exerts pressure
only upwards or downwards
only downwards
only upwards
equally in all directions
83
Avogadro's number is defined as the number of particles in
one mole of a substance.
one kilogram of a substance.
one gram of a substance.
one liter of a substance.
84
The order of elements in the modern periodic table is based on an element's
atomic number
name
atomic mass
chemical
85
Thompson is responsible for discovering that an atom contains
a nucleus
moecules
electrons
anodes
86
According to modern atomic theory, it is nearly impossible to determine an electron's exact
postion
mass
color
charge
87
As the temperature of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume decreases it pressure
decreases
stayes the same
None of the above
increasces
88
Unlike a mixture, a pure substance has
atoms
a fixed composition
molecules
a specific size
89
What is the mass of 2.5 mol of Ca , which has a molar mass of 40g/mol
40.0 g Ca
20.0 g Ca
2.5 g Ca
100.0 g Ca
90
Atoms have no electric because they
have neutrons in their nuclei
have an equal number of charged and noncharged particles
have an equal number of electrons and protons
have an equal number of neutrons and protons
91
Upward force exerted on an object immersed or floating in a liquid is called
tensile force
buoyant pressure
fluid pressure
buoyant force
92
Atoms of elements that are in the same group have the number of
valance electrons
protons
neutrons
protons and nuetrons
93
Ice floats on water because it is
less dense than water
warmer than water
colder than water
more dense than water
94
The reistance of a fliud to flow is referred to as
viscosity
shape
energy
pressure
95
What law is illustrated by the equation p1 v1=P2 V2
Gay-Lussac's Law
Charles's Law
Archimedes' principle
Boyle's law
96
Which of the following is an element?
sand
salt
nylon
iron
97
Each element in an element family shares the same
atomic
average atomic
number of valence electrons
number of protons
98
What is the molar mass of an element with an average atomic mass of 9.012 u?
12.01 grams
9.012 grams
0.012 grams
6.022 x 1023 grams
99
According to the new model of the atom, electrons behave like
planets orbiting the sun
planets rotating on their axes
waves on a vibrating string
light energy in a vacuum
100
Which of the following results in a mixture?
digestion food
burning
baking a cake
dissolving salt

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