Gainsharing differs from profit-sharing because:

It ties rewards to productivity improvements

In a false-negative hiring decision, the employer:

Rejects a candidate who would have been successful

What is emotional labor?

Employees expressing emotions that are organizationally desired

Role conflict in the workplace occurs when:

An employee faces incompatible role expectations

Which of the following best defines competency-based HRM?

Using competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) to guide HR processes

What is "synergy" in group performance?

Total output is greater than the sum of individual contributions

What is an example of an intrinsic reward?

A sense of personal achievement

What is an example of a hindrance stressor?

Complicated office politics that slow progress

Legitimate power is derived from:

An individual’s formal authority in an organization

Which of the following best describes ethical leadership?

Making ethical decisions even when they are unpopular

Gainsharing is different from profit-sharing because:

It ties rewards to productivity improvements rather than company profits

Which is an example of surface acting in emotional labor?

Faking a required emotion without actually feeling it

The four functions of management are:

Planning, organising, leading, controlling

What distinguishes Assessment and Development Centers?

AC are for employee selection, while DC are for professional development.

What is the primary goal of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

Ensuring ethical and socially responsible business practices

What does the Punctuated-Equilibrium Model propose?

Groups experience periods of inertia followed by bursts of change

According to competency-based HRM, a competency includes:

Knowledge, skills, and attitudes

Which of the following describes "selective perception"?

Focusing only on standout details while ignoring other information

What is the main goal of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs)?

To give employees a sense of ownership and motivation

The three components of competences are:

Knowledge, skills and attitudes

In marketing psychology, customer segmentation is used to:

Group customers based on shared characteristics

Hugo Munsterberg contributed to Organizational Psychology by:

Applying psychology to workplace efficiency and personnel selection

Which of the following is a key modern trend in Work & Organizational Psychology?

The increased use of AI and remote work

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucratic organizational structures?

Low formalization and flexibility

What is the most effective type of job interview?

Behavioral structured interview

Role expectations refer to:

how other people in organisation believe one should act.

The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) suggests that:

Job design affects motivation through five core job dimensions

What is a primary weakness of group decision-making?

Slower process due to group discussions

What is the first step in Human Resource Planning?

Talent inventory (assessing current employee skills)

Flexible benefits programs allow employees to:

Customize benefits based on their personal needs

What does power distance measure in an organization?

The willingness of employees to challenge authority

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Questions 80

Answers

1
Which core job dimension in the Job Characteristics Model refers to the extent to which a job affects others?
Autonomy
Task significance
Feedback
Skill variety
2
In which of the following small-group networks we often observe gossiping?
Star
Wheel
Grapevine
Lichi
3
Gainsharing differs from profit-sharing because:
It ties rewards to productivity improvements
It applies only to executives
It focuses solely on individual performance
It is based on company profits
4
Which psychologist pioneered the study of advertising and consumer behavior?
Elton Mayo
Fredric W. Taylor
Walter Dill Scott
Hugo Munsterberg
5
In a false-negative hiring decision, the employer:
Accepts an overqualified candidate
Bases hiring decisions only on personality tests
Hires an unsuccessful candidate
Rejects a candidate who would have been successful
6
What is emotional labor?
Employees expressing emotions that are organizationally desired
The process of reducing workplace stress
Employees using emotions to influence others
The study of workplace emotions
7
Which selection method has the highest face validity?
Personality tests
Work sample tests
Cognitive ability tests
Unstructured interviews
8
Which type of organizational culture is most team-oriented and values mentoring?
Clan culture
Hierarchy
Market culture
Adhocracy
9
Role conflict in the workplace occurs when:
An individual is unclear about their job responsibilities
A person has too much autonomy in decision-making
An employee faces incompatible role expectations
An employee’s goals perfectly align with their job
10
Which organizational structure is highly standardized, hierarchical, and rigid?
Matrix structure
Bureaucracy
Team-based structure
Adhocracy
11
Which of the following best defines competency-based HRM?
Using competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) to guide HR processes
A system where employees are selected based only on education
A recruitment method that ignores personal development
A performance appraisal method based on tenure
12
What is "synergy" in group performance?
When all group members contribute equally
The increased effort individuals put in when working in a group
Total output is greater than the sum of individual contributions
When individual efforts result in lower team performance
13
Which job characteristic in the JCM refers to the degree of freedom an employee has in completing tasks?
Skill variety
Feedback
Task significance
Autonomy
14
What is an example of an intrinsic reward?
Recognition in a company newsletter
Salary bonus
A sense of personal achievement
A company-sponsored vacation
15
Which of the following is an example of counterproductive work behavior (CWB)?
Deliberately working slowly
Participating in team meetings
Training new employees
Helping coworkers meet deadlines
16
What is an example of a hindrance stressor?
Feeling inspired by an upcoming project
Complicated office politics that slow progress
Excelling under pressure
Having tight deadlines that motivate you
17
Which of the levels of the Model of Organisational Culture of E. Shein is concious?
Hierarchy
Individualism
Artifacts
Hidden assumptions
18
Legitimate power is derived from:
An individual’s formal authority in an organization
Expertise in a field
Coercion
Personal charisma
19
Which of the following is an example of a variable-pay program?
Fixed annual salary
Equal salary increases for all employees
Seniority-based pay raises
Performance-based bonuses
20
Emotional intelligence (EI) consists of all the following EXCEPT:
Technical expertise
Social skills
Empathy
Self-awareness
21
Which of the following best describes ethical leadership?
Using any means necessary to increase profits
Making ethical decisions even when they are unpopular
Focusing only on legal compliance
Avoiding all risks in business
22
During which stage of group development, members accept the existence of the group, but conflicts arise over the power?
Storming
Norming
Adjourning
Performing
23
According to McGregor, which theory assumes employees dislike work and must be controlled?
Theory Z
Theory X
Job Characteristics Model
Theory Y
24
Gainsharing is different from profit-sharing because:
It distributes rewards equally to all employees
It is only applicable to managers
It ties rewards to productivity improvements rather than company profits
It is only given at the end of an employee’s career
25
Which is an example of surface acting in emotional labor?
Faking a required emotion without actually feeling it
Genuinely feeling positive emotions
Expressing emotions freely without restrictions
Adjusting inner emotions to match the organization’s expectations
26
The four functions of management are:
Measuring, organising, leading, evaluatiing
Planning, organising, leading, controlling
Planning, motivating, communicating, controlling
Planning, strategizing, leading, evaluating
27
What distinguishes Assessment and Development Centers?
AC are for employee selection, while DC are for professional development.
AC focus on organisational expectations, while DC assess key competencies.
AC evaluate strengths, while DC focus on developmental needs.
28
What is the primary goal of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?
Eliminating competition in the market
Maximizing short-term profits
Focusing solely on shareholder value
Ensuring ethical and socially responsible business practices
29
What does the Punctuated-Equilibrium Model propose?
Groups progress linearly through five stages
Groups experience periods of inertia followed by bursts of change
Group cohesion is highest during the storming stage
Groups remain static unless an external force acts upon them
30
Which of the following is NOT a key focus of Work and Organizational Psychology?
Productivity optimization
Employee well-being
Organizational effectiveness
Consumer buying behavior
31
According to competency-based HRM, a competency includes:
Technical knowledge only
Only personality traits
Knowledge, skills, and attitudes
Only job-specific skills
32
What is the main challenge of organizational change?
Changing the company’s logo
Overcoming employee resistance
Reducing salaries
Finding new employees
33
Which of the following describes "selective perception"?
Making judgments about people based on a single characteristic
Judging people differently based on past interactions
Seeing what we expect to see rather than what is real
Focusing only on standout details while ignoring other information
34
What is the main goal of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs)?
To give employees a sense of ownership and motivation
To promote stock trading within a company
To increase employee absenteeism
To reduce employee salaries
35
Trust is one of the key concepts in which leadership theory?
All of the above
Authentic leadership
Servant leadership
Ethical leadership
36
According to Tuckman’s model, what is the final stage of group development for temporary teams?
Storming
Performing
Adjourning
Norming
37
The three components of competences are:
Knowledge, trust and attitude
Skills, power and intelligence
Knowledge, skills and attitudes
Abilities, skills and communication
38
In marketing psychology, customer segmentation is used to:
Eliminate price differences in products
Restrict market access
Reduce market competition
Group customers based on shared characteristics
39
Hugo Munsterberg contributed to Organizational Psychology by:
Creating the concept of participative management
Proposing the hierarchy of needs
Developing time-and-motion studies
Applying psychology to workplace efficiency and personnel selection
40
Which of the following is a key modern trend in Work & Organizational Psychology?
The increased use of AI and remote work
A shift away from technological advancements
A reduced focus on employee engagement
The elimination of leadership roles
41
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucratic organizational structures?
Low formalization and flexibility
Centralized authority
Highly routine operating tasks
Decision-making follows the chain of command
42
What is the most effective type of job interview?
Free-response interview
Unstructured interview
Personality-based interview
Behavioral structured interview
43
Role expectations refer to:
how an individual thinks she/he should act in a given situation.
how other people in organisation believe one should act.
how stakeholders believe organisation should manage its assets.
None of the above.
44
The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) suggests that:
Employee behavior is purely extrinsically motivated
Only high-skilled jobs require task variety
Employees work better under strict supervision
Job design affects motivation through five core job dimensions
45
What is a primary weakness of group decision-making?
Reduced creativity
Slower process due to group discussions
Fewer resources available
Limited perspectives
46
Which organizational structure allows dual reporting relationships, with employees answering to two managers?
Matrix structure
Adhocracy
Functional hierarchy
Bureaucracy
47
What is the first step in Human Resource Planning?
Talent inventory (assessing current employee skills)
Job termination policies
Recruitment strategy
Performance evaluations
48
Flexible benefits programs allow employees to:
Opt-out of mandatory workplace policies
Reduce tax obligations
Receive the same benefits as their colleagues
Customize benefits based on their personal needs
49
Which type of power is based on an individual’s formal authority in an organization?
Legitimate power
Expert power
Referent power
Coercive power
50
What does power distance measure in an organization?
The degree to which employees socialize outside work
How managers delegate tasks
The distance between management levels
The willingness of employees to challenge authority
51
Which type of team consists of employees from different work areas collaborating on a task?
Cross-functional team
Virtual team
Self-managed team
Problem-solving team
52
Which of the following best describes a matrix organization?
Blends functional and product-based structures
Team-based and flexible
Has no clear reporting lines
Hierarchical with centralized decision-making
53
In high-context cultures, communication relies heavily on:
Nonverbal cues and indirect messages
Explicit verbal instructions
Strict workplace formalities
Low power distance
54
What is the main goal of employee involvement programs?
To encourage employees to take on more personal tasks
To increase employee commitment and motivation
To reduce the autonomy of employees
To standardize work procedures
55
In Schein’s Model of Organizational Culture, which level represents deeply held unconscious beliefs?
Norms
Basic assumptions
Espoused values
Artifacts
56
What is an example of a challenge stressor?
Confusing job responsibilities
Bureaucratic red tape
Office politics
Tight but achievable deadlines
57
What is the main characteristic of transformational leadership?
Encouraging innovation and inspiring employees
Using strict control and punishment
Focus on routine tasks
Managing by enforcing rigid policies
58
According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is a motivator?
Job security
Salary
Company policies
Recognition and achievement
59
Which of the following is NOT one of Goleman’s five elements of Emotional Intelligence?
Motivation
Cognitive ability
Self-awareness
Social skills
60
What does McGregor’s Theory Y assume about employees?
They work best under rigid, bureaucratic structures
They need constant supervision to stay productive
They view work as natural and can be self-motivated
They inherently dislike work and need to be controlled
61
The punctuated-equilibrium model suggests that groups:
Experience a period of inactivity before making rapid changes
Do not need leadership
Progress smoothly through five development stages
Form and dissolve quickly
62
What is the main advantage of structured interviews?
They are less expensive than written tests
They are more flexible than unstructured interviews
They allow hiring managers to rely on intuition
They have higher predictive validity
63
What does a persona represent in marketing?
A fictional profile based on research about typical customers
The physical appearance of a product
A real customer’s buying history
The CEO’s vision for the brand
64
Cultural intelligence (CQ) includes:
Only the ability to speak multiple languages
Cognitive, metacognitive, motivational, and behavioral components
Individualism vs. collectivism orientations
65
Emotional labor refers to:
Employees managing their emotions to align with workplace expectations
Employees needing to work longer hours to meet deadlines
The effect of emotions on organizational culture
The process of hiring employees based on emotional intelligence
66
In business ethics, the invisible third party problem occurs when:
A psychologist secretly evaluates employees
Clients make ethical decisions on behalf of employees
Employees hide information from managers
A company refuses to disclose financial reports
67
Select the correct statement about the organisational culture.
It distinguishes the organisation from other organisations.
It represents employees’ perceptions of the characteristics of the culture.
It refers to a system of shared meaning held by the organisation's members.
All of the above
68
Which of the following best defines a "work team" (as opposed to a work group)?
Members collaborate with shared accountability for results
A group of employees who receive the same training
Individuals work independently but share information
Employees working together under strict supervision
69
Which compensation method rewards employees based on company profitability?
Profit-sharing plans
Piece-rate pay
Gainsharing
Merit-based pay
70
Which selection method best evaluates managerial potential?
Assessment centers
Cognitive ability tests
Work sample tests
Structured interviews
71
Which type of organizational culture focuses on innovation and risk-taking?
Market
Clan
Hierarchy
Adhocracy
72
Which management skill involves problem-solving, strategic thinking, and decision-making?
Organizational skills
Human skills
Conceptual skills
Technical skills
73
*
Hawthorne effect
Diffusion of responsibility
Dark Triad
Halo effect
74
The managers' span of control is a result of their...
stereotypes
preferences
communication channels
team's size
75
Adhocracy organisational cultures are often encountered in:
all the above
consulting companies
tech start-ups
creative industry
76
What is the main contribution of Elton Mayo to Organizational Psychology?
The Hawthorne effect and the importance of social relationships at work
The development of scientific management
The discovery of time-and-motion studies
The Big Five personality traits
77
Social loafing occurs when:
Team members take on leadership roles
A team is highly motivated and goal-oriented
Individuals exert less effort when working in a group
Employees work harder in a team setting
78
Which type of organizational culture values innovation and risk-taking?
Hierarchy
Market
Adhocracy
Clan
79
What is a false-positive hiring decision?
Hiring a candidate who later turns out to be unsuccessful
Rejecting a candidate who would have been successful
Hiring a candidate who perfectly fits the job
Choosing an internal candidate over an external one
80
What is the first stage of group development?
Performing
Storming
Norming
Forming

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